Which statement best describes thwgm9p:r9 t ) zmo4e.25bp o2xwe e8erse osmolarity of a solution used to bathe organs for use in organ transplant proced og5 r2s29wmz :e4w tpebxree)9o8mp.ures?

  Which is the most likely solute p*i /4a dzwj23t6j x/w4w4mw w2tvgc nwotential (ψ$_s$) of 50 cm$^3$ distilled water if 10g of salt is added to it?

  An organ donor's heart is removed to be transplanted and i39h dylqitzt 026e y 0fgri.8us stored in an isotonic solution prior to transplant. Which of the following may res6izetlt803iu h gr .d09yfy2qult if the heart is not stored in an isotonic solution?

  Two patients were given solutions intravenouslysh;b sc 5m+yb0b lh,:sym 3yl9 as part of a medical treatment. One patient had a generally negative health outcome while cyb :03 b+b,;sl sm59y hhylmsthe other had a positive health outcome. Blood samples were taken from both patients and then viewed through a light microscope.


Which correctly identifies the health outcomes for the two patients and the likely reasons for these outcomes?

  What effect on oxygen transport in a human being is likely if the indizxe. u:k -v,ozvidual is given a hypotonic solution intravenously?x-oe .kz,vz u:

  The diagram shows the setup for an osmosis experiment)68yjajs)yjnb hy9z/rlq( -q. The potato tissue was placed in a solution of unknown concentration for rz)jjha(-6nj9y) q lq8s /yyb 3 days. After 3 days, the potato had lost mass. Which type of solution was the potato placed in, and what was the effect on the pressure potential?

  The image below shows red blood cells placed in three differfgx5r1v0(z8j j deeu/ent solutions as seen under the light microscope. Which type of solution were the cells shown in micrograph A most likely plz 1(/ex r5vud08gj jfeaced in?

Membrane transport is important for assv zrh*gj2c333cnb+3 cyeajn) 9ys3t i0qp2llowing particles to move across the cell membrane and respond3h3 q)+ svcc 2ys3c90s rzjby2tg3*n j n3peia to changes in the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid.

1.Outline the effects of placing a liver cell in a hypotonic solution.

2.Outline how the fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells or to be released from cells.

3.Compare and contrast four types of membrane transport. Include an example of each.

  Which is not a correct definition or equation for watvfq+ eade6 w(3 8tjl6her potential?

  Which of the following surface area to volume ratios would resj01x+oy(e rej x7mm+xks(/ ch ult in the highest rate(+hryx7m kxsmjoec+ j01 (/xe of diffusion for a cell?

  The diagram shows a pie clylh6;zkrg3aot/- + g.ryr+eo l-,d ce of potato tissue that has been placed in distilled water. Which is the correct reas+lzdye hko 3+;g-g-ra/. c rlo ,ytrl6on for the movement of water from the distilled water into the potato cells?

  The graph below shows the change in ma)d49bob0o mhhb 6qnsguua1.. ss of a potato slice (%) at different concentrations of sucrose solution (mol dmbq6.4hd onb u)o1umsah.9gb 0$^{-3}$ ).

  Given the following experimental set-up, in which direction will there be a netk hi6nmc::1 i kxar4z; movement of w6:kn ;chrx aimkz4i: 1ater?

The micrograph shows onion epin:vxzc70q9 p75f/mufzuz sy7dermal cells.

1.1.Draw a diagram of one onion cell after it has been placed in a highly hypertonic solution, labelling the position of the cell membrane, cell wall and vacuole.

1.2.State a definition for the term ‘hypertonic solution’.

1.3.Explain the reasons for the changes to the onion cell in your answer to part (i), with reference to water potential.

1.4.The water potential of the onion cell in the micrograph is -700kPa, and the pressure potential is 900 kPa. Calculate the solute potential of the cell using the equation below.

ψw = ψs + ψp

2.Explain why the calculated value for water potential is always relative to pure water at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 °C.

3.Predict, with a reason, how the solute potential of the cytoplasm of an onion cell would be affected if it was placed in a hypotonic solution.

  A student placed 13 potato cylinders iygizl6(w(*dc n a hypotonic solution and 13 potato cylinders in a hypertonic solution. The student then calculated the mean percent change in length, and i*(gw z6 cldy(standard error. Below are the results. Which of the answer choices can be concluded?

Below is a diagram showing the reu 3kn9;asem2mq9/cfasponse of red blood cells when placed in different solute concentrationse /ukcmmq9af2;sa 39n.


1.State what is meant by the term isotonic solution.

2.Identify which concentrations were hypotonic and which were hypertonic to the red blood cells.

3.If red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution, explain the likely changes in ion concentration in the cytoplasm of the cells.

4.Describe the process of how a solid granule of NaCl becomes a solute when placed in water.

5.Compare and contrast how animal and plant cells are affected by being placed in hypotonic solutions and hypertonic solutions.

1.Outline the stages of solvati:70( kwj 1erp yv ckvh5j+*zaxon.

2.Describe what you would see down a microscope if an onion cell is first put into pure water and then into a strong salt solution.

3.Explain the movement of water across the cell surface membrane when an animal cell is placed in different solute concentrations.