Which statement best describes the osmj(h/ 38nbppslolarity of a solution used to bathe organs for usbjl8 s /pn(3phe in organ transplant procedures?

  Which is the most likely solute:-cklei43 ck n potential (ψ$_s$) of 50 cm$^3$ distilled water if 10g of salt is added to it?

  An organ donor's heart is removed to be transplanted and is stored in:.5qty vp-es-jl ,:qour 7ya o an isotonic solution prior to transplant. Which of the following may result if the heart is not stored in an isotonic 7vta5l uy j rqp ::e-o-sqo,.ysolution?

  Two patients were given soluwgac. pn ul4;q3x,qd9tions intravenously as part of a medical treatment. One patient had a generally negative health outcome while the other had a positive health outcome. Blood samples were tx; w ,gql4cpnd9ua3q.aken from both patients and then viewed through a light microscope.


Which correctly identifies the health outcomes for the two patients and the likely reasons for these outcomes?

  What effect on oxygen transport in : m y.bqad.8:8tekx o;ypt*xq a human being is likely if the individual is gxto q; ep8 .:yxk*m8 .bda:qytiven a hypotonic solution intravenously?

  The diagram shows the setup for an osmosis experiment. The potato tissue e swo qtk-j 4mqv8.19pwas placed in a solution of unknown concentration for 3 days. After 3 days, the potato had lost mass. Which type of solution was the potato placed in, and what was the effect on the pressure potentia9-ktqw.8p4oejs1 m vql?

  The image below shows red blood cel+/w a obn ,-;- hlveph.xul3iils placed in three different solutions as seen under the light microscopiho a;3-.h+elnlubx- v wpi/, e. Which type of solution were the cells shown in micrograph A most likely placed in?

Membrane transport is important for allowing particles to move across the cel 6it3 jk,am),fg 02) * xuchclzoxtv*3 unaci)l membrane and respond to * cxiahz)6*0uxf v))ijclkto3,u,cnat32 gm changes in the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid.

1.Outline the effects of placing a liver cell in a hypotonic solution.

2.Outline how the fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells or to be released from cells.

3.Compare and contrast four types of membrane transport. Include an example of each.

  Which is not a correc cee gv 8tr399ql1- w.q6osxdnt definition or equation for water potential?

  Which of the following surface area to volume ratios would result in tvt(v ugckt gc z7/w, *d05 uz)n.v/spxtzw 3x7he highest rate of dx (w/) .d/zgutzngc0,s t7puv*v c53kzt7 xw viffusion for a cell?

  The diagram shows a piece of potato tissue that has been placed in df nnt4vjiy+v .j .10lxistilled water. Which is the correct reason for the movement of water from the distilled water ix. +y 04lj.vfntn vj1into the potato cells?

  The graph below shows ther1;h o cgnqpwzb8y7(8 change in mass of a potato slice (%) at different concentrations of sucros7h1; 8o(qnr zpcgwb y8e solution (mol dm$^{-3}$ ).

  Given the following experimental set-up, i 0 k;4xnlitcy6cb-oj 1n which direction will there be a net movemenc; l1bt6-kix4jcyno0 t of water?

The micrograph shows onion epidermal cq)-oz 3ya d2enells.

1.1.Draw a diagram of one onion cell after it has been placed in a highly hypertonic solution, labelling the position of the cell membrane, cell wall and vacuole.

1.2.State a definition for the term ‘hypertonic solution’.

1.3.Explain the reasons for the changes to the onion cell in your answer to part (i), with reference to water potential.

1.4.The water potential of the onion cell in the micrograph is -700kPa, and the pressure potential is 900 kPa. Calculate the solute potential of the cell using the equation below.

ψw = ψs + ψp

2.Explain why the calculated value for water potential is always relative to pure water at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 °C.

3.Predict, with a reason, how the solute potential of the cytoplasm of an onion cell would be affected if it was placed in a hypotonic solution.

  A student placed 13 potato cylinders t4o6ko zx gq.byoozh)ty.5 *9in a hypotonic solution and 13 potato cylinders in a hypertonic solution. The student then calculated the mean percent change in length, and standard error. Bhq.t 5o*6o)zb9.z ox4yotgy kelow are the results. Which of the answer choices can be concluded?

Below is a diagram showing the response of red bloopl d/i0(a6dwed cells when placed in different solute6pi ea0(dld /w concentrations.


1.State what is meant by the term isotonic solution.

2.Identify which concentrations were hypotonic and which were hypertonic to the red blood cells.

3.If red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution, explain the likely changes in ion concentration in the cytoplasm of the cells.

4.Describe the process of how a solid granule of NaCl becomes a solute when placed in water.

5.Compare and contrast how animal and plant cells are affected by being placed in hypotonic solutions and hypertonic solutions.

1.Outline the stages of solvationws9/c 8o nn)mn.

2.Describe what you would see down a microscope if an onion cell is first put into pure water and then into a strong salt solution.

3.Explain the movement of water across the cell surface membrane when an animal cell is placed in different solute concentrations.