Which statement best describes the osmolarity of a solutixukl)pt) xlndhkj6;( i2n9o -t( p)nmon used to bathe organs for use in organ transplant proce )l9npl mxuop- x;n n2k)t6djih) (k(tdures?

  Which is the most likely(2pxldi:hff: *k baq7 solute potential (ψ$_s$) of 50 cm$^3$ distilled water if 10g of salt is added to it?

  An organ donor's heart is removed to be transplanted af 6;1ic4jykfj nd is stored in an isotonic solut 4kjcff 1yi;6jion prior to transplant. Which of the following may result if the heart is not stored in an isotonic solution?

  Two patients were given solutions intravenously as part os.9w b yx 2 s0w6,;gxllrrs2ibf a medical treatment. One patient had a generally negative health outcome while the other had a positive health outcome. Blood samples were taken from both patients and then viewed throgbx 2ilws w sy629s0l .rbx;r,ugh a light microscope.


Which correctly identifies the health outcomes for the two patients and the likely reasons for these outcomes?

  What effect on oxygen transport in a hg xl +2lr3 vn4xy m-hsyc;m2e8uman being is likely if the individual is given a hypotonicml48hm s-l eyr;+x2xcy g23vn solution intravenously?

  The diagram shows the setup for ana/o*mxdi o mka4 /xq8ii0r,5m osmosis experiment. The potato tissue was placed in a solution of unknown concentration for 3 days. After 3 days, the potato had a0 m *4x/imdxkiioq,/r5oam8 lost mass. Which type of solution was the potato placed in, and what was the effect on the pressure potential?

  The image below shows red blood cells placed in three differeji4ha;zlkt 00;ei3d bnt solutions as seen under thez;; i3 t0ej4ab0lhikd light microscope. Which type of solution were the cells shown in micrograph A most likely placed in?

Membrane transport is important for allowing particfcsa:d ,*t6n kjn7; tbles to move across the cell membranba,jk:stdcnn; 7t*6f e and respond to changes in the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid.

1.Outline the effects of placing a liver cell in a hypotonic solution.

2.Outline how the fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells or to be released from cells.

3.Compare and contrast four types of membrane transport. Include an example of each.

  Which is not a correct definition or equation for watv: h7zr(w. ltjer potential?

  Which of the following surface area to volume ratios would result in the h -ljlhc3osfr4dd+ (t 2ighest rate of diffusionll( d3c4 hj2ro-st f+d for a cell?

  The diagram shows a piece of potato tissue that has b*jy be5,0sk:bp2qptz een placed in distilled water. Which is the correct reason for the movement of water from the distillp0s yk :2, bzejbp5qt*ed water into the potato cells?

  The graph below shows the change i qpjy7re x1 mm*p+y3k -ccf;+nn mass of a potato slice (%) at different concentrations of sucrose solution (mol dm-jpe p f *7++mmck3;y1qnr ycx$^{-3}$ ).

  Given the following experimental set-up, in which direction wiubk;fz2a80sgaza)hun*(p- ;qzf/f g ll there be a net movement of w f2(bkfnuuqzazg asa/h0-)8;p *fg; zater?

The micrograph shows onigqznw,mehc . (au, c,u2u ,+nron epidermal cells.

1.1.Draw a diagram of one onion cell after it has been placed in a highly hypertonic solution, labelling the position of the cell membrane, cell wall and vacuole.

1.2.State a definition for the term ‘hypertonic solution’.

1.3.Explain the reasons for the changes to the onion cell in your answer to part (i), with reference to water potential.

1.4.The water potential of the onion cell in the micrograph is -700kPa, and the pressure potential is 900 kPa. Calculate the solute potential of the cell using the equation below.

ψw = ψs + ψp

2.Explain why the calculated value for water potential is always relative to pure water at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 °C.

3.Predict, with a reason, how the solute potential of the cytoplasm of an onion cell would be affected if it was placed in a hypotonic solution.

  A student placed 13 potato cylinders in a hypotonib:j6a9hluvufezrr5- n yp, gor mt-,i:7) 1jhc solution and 13 potato cylinders in a hypertonic solution. The student then calculated the mean percent change in length, and standard error. Below are the results. Whjnt)joah:vr -b5e: p ,ig6h7 ,-uly rm1rfu9 zich of the answer choices can be concluded?

Below is a diagram showingash jl+zzz68. the response of red blood cells when placed in different solute concentrations. lj8azs h+z6.z


1.State what is meant by the term isotonic solution.

2.Identify which concentrations were hypotonic and which were hypertonic to the red blood cells.

3.If red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution, explain the likely changes in ion concentration in the cytoplasm of the cells.

4.Describe the process of how a solid granule of NaCl becomes a solute when placed in water.

5.Compare and contrast how animal and plant cells are affected by being placed in hypotonic solutions and hypertonic solutions.

1.Outline the stages of solvatiu)2y mo;.mx aron.

2.Describe what you would see down a microscope if an onion cell is first put into pure water and then into a strong salt solution.

3.Explain the movement of water across the cell surface membrane when an animal cell is placed in different solute concentrations.