Which statement best describes the osf4p2,c-s9f+wnq wd b(l dit.vmolarity of a solution used to bathe organs for use in organ transplant proceduressl9 wdcvf.ip+2n-fdq , b4t(w?

  Which is the most likely solute potez5oh)kb50pd7 m9 i.oxtb3 ms7me1yz xntial (ψ$_s$) of 50 cm$^3$ distilled water if 10g of salt is added to it?

  An organ donor's heart is removed to be transplanted w.lz ;t d6q3pris:gd7and is stored in an isotonic solution prior to transplant. Whi7w: .6;3gdldz tsrpqich of the following may result if the heart is not stored in an isotonic solution?

  Two patients were given solutions intravenously as d cbr4o :ds3;dha5 +wg0.z myspart of a medical treatment. One patient had a generally negative health outcome while the other had a positive health outcome. Blood samples were taken from wz.r d0y3 4ds5+ogb:schmad ;both patients and then viewed through a light microscope.


Which correctly identifies the health outcomes for the two patients and the likely reasons for these outcomes?

  What effect on oxygen transport in a huo9n;dj / x-hvlq/g3g9py1o jf man being is likely if the individual is given q-h9ol/d1jyg9 nfj g;v/p 3xoa hypotonic solution intravenously?

  The diagram shows the setup for an osmosis experiment. The potz46 g*w)ux ouxato tissue was placed in a solution of unknown concentration ux)4 u*go 6zwxfor 3 days. After 3 days, the potato had lost mass. Which type of solution was the potato placed in, and what was the effect on the pressure potential?

  The image below shows red blhnm-3 biou. cyurf :g9-(n kl0iw)iy4ood cells placed in three different solutions as seen under the light microscope. Which type of solution were the cells shownw-yg3:yi on.k-4bili( hu fr)9u m cn0 in micrograph A most likely placed in?

Membrane transport i 0b: ;2b(gekq mb6kkslrxwa ))s important for allowing particles to move across the cell membe b2a )k;slgwq bxkb(60:k r)mrane and respond to changes in the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid.

1.Outline the effects of placing a liver cell in a hypotonic solution.

2.Outline how the fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells or to be released from cells.

3.Compare and contrast four types of membrane transport. Include an example of each.

  Which is not a correct definition or equat(c e)z.t3o) 0s ckuflmv(s /e:1 fkrwbion for water potential?

  Which of the following surface area to volume ratios woul4. kq7vmvj re:d result in the highest rate of diffus. e4qm7j:rvkvion for a cell?

  The diagram shows a piece of potato tissue that has been placed in distilw qjl)7 lk 0htu0lx8l8fy4 z1pled water. Which is the correct reason for the movement of water from the distilled water intx8wpljfl0t10q78kh l)z u4l yo the potato cells?

  The graph below shows the change in mass of a potatok,26il(f sfpaz. s4 vla7l ;bu slice (%) at different concentrations of sucros l4,kfvbapa;u27sif s6(zl. le solution (mol dm$^{-3}$ ).

  Given the following experimental sey8ueex): 3 m qexnv8plw;t-4vt-up, in which direction will there be a net ey :x4e qxtl3; pm)ven-u8 w8vmovement of water?

The micrograph shows onion epidermal cesi.ekig-8)hgl i/v ig6 j8ta;)eht q m0s+i,ulls.

1.1.Draw a diagram of one onion cell after it has been placed in a highly hypertonic solution, labelling the position of the cell membrane, cell wall and vacuole.

1.2.State a definition for the term ‘hypertonic solution’.

1.3.Explain the reasons for the changes to the onion cell in your answer to part (i), with reference to water potential.

1.4.The water potential of the onion cell in the micrograph is -700kPa, and the pressure potential is 900 kPa. Calculate the solute potential of the cell using the equation below.

ψw = ψs + ψp

2.Explain why the calculated value for water potential is always relative to pure water at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 °C.

3.Predict, with a reason, how the solute potential of the cytoplasm of an onion cell would be affected if it was placed in a hypotonic solution.

  A student placed 13 potato cylinders in a hyp*- i3ce*g2x.4h(/.lknoo 7b b/uce jsqww g jtotonic solution and 13 potato cylinders in a hypeoqwe .4/hj ctbloc*-i2/(gn.s*3gbj7 xe u kw rtonic solution. The student then calculated the mean percent change in length, and standard error. Below are the results. Which of the answer choices can be concluded?

Below is a diagram showing the response of red blood cells when placed in diffeeam/ u ..pbj k9ccl izg+ a:t6erl*..hrent solukbu a/ceera* +.pj9.t.i :6hlg . lmczte concentrations.


1.State what is meant by the term isotonic solution.

2.Identify which concentrations were hypotonic and which were hypertonic to the red blood cells.

3.If red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution, explain the likely changes in ion concentration in the cytoplasm of the cells.

4.Describe the process of how a solid granule of NaCl becomes a solute when placed in water.

5.Compare and contrast how animal and plant cells are affected by being placed in hypotonic solutions and hypertonic solutions.

1.Outline the stages of solvatiou;u+50uoj3thi xi gy8n.

2.Describe what you would see down a microscope if an onion cell is first put into pure water and then into a strong salt solution.

3.Explain the movement of water across the cell surface membrane when an animal cell is placed in different solute concentrations.