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习题练习:Continuity and Change D.8 Inheritance



 作者: admin   总分: 39分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 24年01月13日 14:27  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A man and a woman have a daughter and a son. g.1, ydmi+n 8ew.lixgTheir daughter has normal vision, but t.lme.d wgy8n ,x1ii +gheir son is colourblind. Which one of these genotypes could be correct for the biological mother?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which diagram shows the sex chromosomes of a somamgur2q c apryh2 (9-,rf62 tortic cell in a human male?


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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  There are two alleles vh,q/vv tud ) a/2kp.nfor flower colour in snapdragons. However, the result of a cross between two heterozygous plants yielded.vdtaq2nv/v u/ )kp h, offspring with three different observed phenotypes, red, white and pink flowers. Which is the most likely explanation for this observation?

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which keyword is matched to the coyz6xv ,d9o i9xrrect definition?

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these state-)muwk,x nostwtpe8rjm i dj1 ++n44,ments is a correct definition for a gene?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram shows a pair of homologous)kj4 *gdwi qxy1+o ff; chromosomes.

How many loci are shown?


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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two individuals, heterozygous for a specific trait, were crossed in anu8ebm4aevc2 my3ruknb+ , v:/ experiment. Which row shows the expected phemmu+8vnuvb:y ea3re /b c,k42notypic ratios of the offspring resulting from this cross?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In some animals, the agoutipi mygipia- (b *c61k3uund5s z3l)x5 allele causes individual hairs to have a banded pattern. The non-agouti allele causes hairs to be a single colour. Individuals who are heterozygous have hairs w5a5l-pu3(cubpz1 m3iiykx n)i sd6g*ith a banded pattern.

Which combination of parent genotypes would allow for production of offspring that do not have the agouti characteristic?

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Mendel observed that the to (btf;m7; b)c 8dcd5g5dploseed shape in individual pea plants was either round or wrinkled. The results of an experimental cross yielded 315 offspring with round seeds and 105 offspring wd(c;ttd c ofl5obgmd8; 5b) p7ith wrinkled seeds.

Which row in the table below states the most likely genotypes of the parents?

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Neurons of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) have 8 chro oltqn oegu*23b b6benr/e2g2y1e; +jmosomes. How many chromosomes are in a fertilised oocyte of a fruit flen+ n*622e3eog gy ; btqr/eluj2ob 1by?

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When does the random orientation of homologous chromosome pairs vg ::9kv7xxxjy .ik+g occur?

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12#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
The majority of the genes in the human vq1:wfkln pui0:w 7 3rgenome have already been mapped, meaning the exact locations of the genes on chromosomes are known. The diagram below shows one representwk0 3ri 7:1pl:nvwqufation of a homologous pair of chromosomes.

1.Define locus.

2.Identify the number of loci shown in the diagram.

3.Distinguish between gene, allele, and locus.
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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which is the correct definitio dn xjpjggi.gp,6*(-tt q1eet r;24gho kj3,fn of linked genes?

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram shows a karyogram of a brown male rat (Rattus norvegicus). Which 3vduw a6i5)ykb; ja6a arrow is pointing to a id;)yaba56ka3wv u j6pair of autosomes?



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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Mendel observed that there are two possible varx qwh pw*l7v,tul;2k) iations of flower colour in pea plants, purple and white. After a genetic cross, 7k vw,2wl t;*h)qlx upthe ratio of plants with purple flowers to white flowers is 1:1. What were the genotypes of the parents?

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The graph shows the frequency of birth weight of children beav5;itg) f,l8 vvrv /is7(am orn in London in 1991.a) vv7 /ri(, mva5; fseltgi8v


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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these traits is an mlj3 m5at bg0qz5wx6jtm/s66 example of continuous variation?

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which row correctly m: 0rej1 puse+describes diploid and haploid cells in humans?


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The following table showri zg;7q0im 6cqkm;hi a4il.-s the diploid chromosome number of a range of species.

Which of these statements is correct?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Sickle cell anaemia is caus;(08v,sjx (uvj mveq+ px/eowed by a recessive allele (Hb$^S$). The dominant allele is Hb$^A$. This image shows the inheritance of sickle cell anaemia in a family.

What are the genotypes for individuals 1 and 7?

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A biological female with blood type A had a child with blood type O. What are th.h aw ;gkpsmnp + nxi.(n9;:uwe possible genotypes of the biolow (.ua. mh9kppws g+:n;in nx;gical father?



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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which row shows the correct annotation of the alleles for blood groups8*/: 9ey )e ilvzsld+g* wmy/b+ saafly,ba*h?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these statements are true for allelej r81gkvsu; 0yymjl:g+4bsh0s?
I. Alleles are versions of a gene
II. Alleles differ by one or more base
III. Alleles affect the same characteristic

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24#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
The maps show the incidence of sickle cell anaemia and the spread of malaria a7* 5kcumliuerzeog*+lt7(-z-z p 3lwcros-m uep 7l -(5el z+z7wg*rckiu3zto l*s the continent of Africa.


The graph shows the average density of malarial parasites present in the blood of Hb AA (not affected by sickle cell anaemia) and Hb AS (carriers of sickle cell anaemia) people in Sub-Saharan Africa.

1.Compare and contrast between the distribution of sickle cell trait and malaria in Africa.

2.1.State the mode of inheritance of sickle cell anaemia.

2.2.Using a genetic diagram, determine the probability of a child having sickle cell anaemia, if both their parents are carriers of the disease.

3.Blood samples were taken from children to create the graph. Suggest one difference between the appearance of blood cells in Hb AA and Hb AS samples.

4.State at which age there is the largest difference between the number of parasites found in the blood of Hb AA and Hb AS samples.

5.Suggest one difficulty of collecting sufficient data for this study.

6.Using your own knowledge and the data provided, discuss whether carrying the sickle cell allele offers protection from malaria.
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25#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
In Mongolian horses (Equus przewalskii), fur colour is deter t8fjbn08bn8nmined by a number of genes. Brown colour (B) is dominant to sandy colour (b) and an ombre (two tone) colour (P) is dominant to one tone (p njbbn8n8t08 f).


1.A homozygous sandy ombre male horse is crossed with a heterozygous horse for both traits. Draw a Punnett square to show the potential results of this cross.

2.Identify the possible genotype recombinations, after fertilisation, from the cross in part (a).

3.In pigs, the curly tail is dominant to the straight tail, and pink skin is dominant to black skin. On a pig farm, the resulting phenotypes from double-heteroygous genotype breeding were recorded. The chi-square value for the phenotypes of the offspring was calculated and the result was 340.6.
The table below shows the degrees of freedom (D.f.) and critical values at a significance level (p) of 0.05 (5%) for a chi-squared test.
Discuss whether the genes for skin colour and tail shape in pigs are linked or unlinked.
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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Distinguish between linked 4r3 hb l 5ss)rzhqyt t9-4d/azand unlinked genes.

2.Coat colour is a polygenic trait. State the meaning of polygenic.
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27#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Sickle cell anaemia is caused by the allv - oup4w74a(wt1hvag 00iyt0x9 zwpaele Hb$^S$ . The normal allele is Hb$^A^ .

1.Identify the genotype of individuals 1 and 2.

2.Predict the probability of individuals 5 and 6 having another child that is unaffected. Justify your answer.

3.If individual 7 had a child with an affected biolgical female, identify the possible genotypes of the child. Justify your answer.

4.Deduce, with evidence, the pattern of inheritance of sickle cell anaemia that is shown in this pedigree chart.

5.Distinguish between sex-linked inheritance and autosomal inheritance in humans.
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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram below show orh1oak3( s. xx6mh;ks a cross between a male cat that is homozygous for brown, long hair and a female catxxkk 6 (m.aho;hro3 1s that has black, short hair.


Which of the offspring has a recombinant genotype?


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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In dandelions (Taraxacum officinale), the allele for diamond-shaped seeds (D) w3yjcwx1 xickjm l86,i 83r1 nis dominant over oval-shaped seeds (d) and the allele fo1,3kwy3ri 18nlxwj 6icx 8cm jr long seeds (L) is dominant over short seeds (l).

In a genetic cross between a dandelion that is heterozygous for both traits and a dandelion that is homozygous recessive for both traits, what would be the expected proportion of long seeds?

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30#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
In guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), lonq/ j e (j pska86-c)h2v.shkmbg hair (L) is dominant to short hair (l), and curly hair (C) is dominant to straight hair (c). A test cross was carried out between male heterozygous long, curly-haired guinea pigs and female short, straight-haired guinea pigs and a chi-squared test (χ2) was carried out on the offs/sah .8kb)2ejj-(mck p qsvh6 pring.



1.1.Using a genetic diagram, state the expected ratio of the cross between the two parents.

1.2.Identify the recombinants.

2.1.Calculate the ratio of the observed phenotypes.

2.2.Suggest a reason for the difference between the expected and observed ratios.

3.1.State the null hypothesis in this study.

3.2.Deduce with reasons whether the null hypothesis should be accepted.
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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What best describes the inheritance of the condition shown h3/rtxp1cec7jvj0,w prl3 i. in the pedigree chart b1j x erw 3l,./ 0ph7cvr3jictpelow?

I. Sex-linked trait
II. Dominant trait
III. Recessive trait

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these statements about genetic disorders is/ar7h3 q;otewmr /e correct?

I. The majority of genetic disorders are caused by recessive alleles.
II. Genetic disorders can be sex-linked.
III. Offspring of two parents with the same genetic disease will always be affected.

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33#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Outline how polygenic traits 7skytcq7e t. o, ygd jf27q47tqdl k77can show a normal distribution.

2.Outline the differences and similarities between homologous chromosomes.

3.Explain why expected and observed Mendelian ratios may differ.
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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What suggests that the inheritance of the disordns(loxfio 0 :)v jz/0dyx mf22er shown in the pedigree chart is X-linked recessive and not autosom2 :z if0ydmnlovo2s jx0f(/x)al recessive?



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35#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Different species of living organisms have differ :d l:/x7hq96oqk pvftent numbers of genes characteristic to them. The tab q k/f:d7:p 6xq9tlhovle shows the estimated number of genes for five species.
Species Estimated number of genes
Escherichia coli (bacteria species) 4,000
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) 13,000
Canis lupis familiaris (dog) 20,000
Homo sapiens (humans) 30,000
Oryza sativa (rice) 40,000
1.Using the information in the table deduce the estimated number of loci in a human genome.
Estimated number of loci in a human is   .
2.Explain how a mutation can affect a characteristic.

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Mendel studied eight x e.0 ,)bxsdmfcharacteristics of pea plants, including flower colour. If the pea plants Mendel was studyi0,b. e)sxdx fmng can only be white or purple and follow the rules of Mendelian genetics, which of these statements was correct?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A biological male with he2.le y sxlrd7(mb0wj, is0d-amophilia and a biological female without hemophilia have a daughter without hemophilia. What are tjidwr7 0.02lsblmx( da ,-esy he possible genotypes of the daughter?


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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A dihybrid cross was carried out between two sunflower plants (Helianthus annlp;i8wg(5e*osgnj,-; vhdpru 2 qwe2uus) to see if the genes for seed number and seed shape are linked. The critical value for the chi-squared test at the 0.05 significance level was 7.82. The calculated value for thgeh s2l 2 8-p*5qvjiwpe,n;(duw g or;e chi-squared test was 10.05; what does this indicate?

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39#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Explain how parents with blood type A and blood type B can have a child wie8w8zdrr +, h.n -.w:ufrviux)1f bzith blood type O. f.r :1x,)r+ d8unb.hfz w- vir8izwue

2.Outline how polygenic traits can show a normal distribution.

3.Explain the role of inheritance in genetic diseases.
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