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习题练习:Continuity and Change D.8 Inheritance



 作者: admin   总分: 39分  得分: _____________

答题人: 匿名未登录  开始时间: 24年01月13日 14:27  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A man and a woman have a daughter and a son. Their daughterxw 6g+/pv+d xlj ;t.fn has normal vision, but their son is colourblind. Which one of these genotypes could be correct for the biological motherw./vx +;pdj6gxfn lt+?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which diagram shows t ci 1nrf1p d6m t)evh0l.f nhk*ex+c:/he sex chromosomes of a somatic cell in a human male?


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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  There are two alleles for flower colour in snapdragons. However, the result g(+6h9fpyj sjuto1 s wdi,(h9of a cross between two heterozygous plants yielded of6g pdi,o jfsh (1j9hsw(u 9yt+fspring with three different observed phenotypes, red, white and pink flowers. Which is the most likely explanation for this observation?

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which keyword is matched tbgc,fa wc1jl,+)qgwx( .:f qpo the correct definition?

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these statemxoctu2 ) 6;fdwents is a correct definition for a gene?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram shows a pair of homologous chromoso o0,wcexr5 q8d-*egkimes.

How many loci are shown?


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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two individuals, heterozygous for a specific trait, were crossed in9knd8d+ji3: z f 3j3; dlouc3;w-fblklr m:vt an experiment. Which row shows the ei-v lnj j 3 9dl8;d:33 wcmt+kf:d3rlbkzfu ;oxpected phenotypic ratios of the offspring resulting from this cross?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In some animals, the agouti allele causes individual hairs to have a bl-fjw*z1ch.,0kg kh 6szey e9anded pattern. The non-agouti allele causes hairskcj0ew.h9 6kh-*s e g z1l,zfy to be a single colour. Individuals who are heterozygous have hairs with a banded pattern.

Which combination of parent genotypes would allow for production of offspring that do not have the agouti characteristic?

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Mendel observed that the seed shape in individual pea plants was eitherj qgd2.gy55m k round or wrinkled. The results of an experimental cross yielded 315 offspring with round seedsqk.jg2gm y d55 and 105 offspring with wrinkled seeds.

Which row in the table below states the most likely genotypes of the parents?

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Neurons of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) have 8 chromosomes. Hown psu5u7m 9+9 ezqrfp4:,r.esmgsk c;e+se7 r many chromosomes are in a f7e qse; gcr:n u,4spzu pkm9e9rrm+sfes.5 7+ertilised oocyte of a fruit fly?

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When does the random orientation of homologous chromosome pai c36w2s3k,tjmvwe4fb lo mpnjp *,pn620xdk/rs occur?

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12#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
The majority of the genes in the human genome have a iatf.hy/mx txo9oll, 0a2.r.lready been mapped, meaning the exact locations of the genes on chromosomes are known. The diagram below shows.l/ x yoho.famti r9 x.,la02t one representation of a homologous pair of chromosomes.

1.Define locus.

2.Identify the number of loci shown in the diagram.

3.Distinguish between gene, allele, and locus.
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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which is the correct definit tr917g +axkbdion of linked genes?

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram shows a karyogram of a brown male rts:2vv b 3t:hxat (Rattus norvegicus). Which arrow is phb:v2ts : 3xvtointing to a pair of autosomes?



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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Mendel observed that there are two possiblexa/ xc*cn)d+y8 gzfim*i(u fk jog27; variations of flower colour in pea plants, purple and white. Aj2 cfk*; imoudx8*(i/ xnyz +fgg7)cafter a genetic cross, the ratio of plants with purple flowers to white flowers is 1:1. What were the genotypes of the parents?

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The graph shows the frequency of birth weight of children born in London z uz3w lgjd6p+ e546ajf8)mc lin 19916mep+4 6j3l5 ujzacw8fzd l)g.


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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these traits is an example of continuous variation?nn ;3wsqev4 z6*e)j* qfpq+uu

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which row correctly describes diploid lrk/cjs*0 3;gn 4xuwmrn g6s)a nnj10and haploid cells in humans?


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The following table shows the diploid chromosome number of a rangejw6g7 0an/x 0prr vveg0:jvf2mm.n i4 of species.

Which of these statements is correct?

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Sickle cell anaemia is caused by a recessive allele ( x2d,dg wrm++e,mt4md Hb$^S$). The dominant allele is Hb$^A$. This image shows the inheritance of sickle cell anaemia in a family.

What are the genotypes for individuals 1 and 7?

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A biological female with blood tvfhz+vs ) * ,rl(qe(uuype A had a child with blood type O. What are the possible genotypes of the biological fatr(u+flsv , *)vquz (heher?



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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which row shows the correct annotation of the alleles for blood grou.-s+ x:fx(,iap awad zxsq5a6ps?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these statements are true for alle 2f 9dpkre6 phyo9v3b8les?
I. Alleles are versions of a gene
II. Alleles differ by one or more base
III. Alleles affect the same characteristic

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24#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
The maps show the incidence ofj l.+prddhcor *u38v4 sickle cell anaemia and the spread of malaria across the continent of Afr4vdp+c8jor*.uhd rl3 ica.


The graph shows the average density of malarial parasites present in the blood of Hb AA (not affected by sickle cell anaemia) and Hb AS (carriers of sickle cell anaemia) people in Sub-Saharan Africa.

1.Compare and contrast between the distribution of sickle cell trait and malaria in Africa.

2.1.State the mode of inheritance of sickle cell anaemia.

2.2.Using a genetic diagram, determine the probability of a child having sickle cell anaemia, if both their parents are carriers of the disease.

3.Blood samples were taken from children to create the graph. Suggest one difference between the appearance of blood cells in Hb AA and Hb AS samples.

4.State at which age there is the largest difference between the number of parasites found in the blood of Hb AA and Hb AS samples.

5.Suggest one difficulty of collecting sufficient data for this study.

6.Using your own knowledge and the data provided, discuss whether carrying the sickle cell allele offers protection from malaria.
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25#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
In Mongolian horses (Equus przewalskii), /hhssh s92n .mfur colour is determined by a number of genes. Browns h.hnsm2/sh9 colour (B) is dominant to sandy colour (b) and an ombre (two tone) colour (P) is dominant to one tone (p).


1.A homozygous sandy ombre male horse is crossed with a heterozygous horse for both traits. Draw a Punnett square to show the potential results of this cross.

2.Identify the possible genotype recombinations, after fertilisation, from the cross in part (a).

3.In pigs, the curly tail is dominant to the straight tail, and pink skin is dominant to black skin. On a pig farm, the resulting phenotypes from double-heteroygous genotype breeding were recorded. The chi-square value for the phenotypes of the offspring was calculated and the result was 340.6.
The table below shows the degrees of freedom (D.f.) and critical values at a significance level (p) of 0.05 (5%) for a chi-squared test.
Discuss whether the genes for skin colour and tail shape in pigs are linked or unlinked.
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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Distinguish between linked and unlinked7x c fk*m,pfn cp24zs3 genes.

2.Coat colour is a polygenic trait. State the meaning of polygenic.
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27#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Sickle cell anaemia is caused by the alleleepzp*)-uaty +, 3 cwvu Hb$^S$ . The normal allele is Hb$^A^ .

1.Identify the genotype of individuals 1 and 2.

2.Predict the probability of individuals 5 and 6 having another child that is unaffected. Justify your answer.

3.If individual 7 had a child with an affected biolgical female, identify the possible genotypes of the child. Justify your answer.

4.Deduce, with evidence, the pattern of inheritance of sickle cell anaemia that is shown in this pedigree chart.

5.Distinguish between sex-linked inheritance and autosomal inheritance in humans.
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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The diagram below shows a crown)bwbzy 1r c2 x1p9jid*l:/lss between a male cat that is homozygous for brown,ww 2i jcy1* bld)9: lpxbnr/1z long hair and a female cat that has black, short hair.


Which of the offspring has a recombinant genotype?


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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In dandelions (Taraxacum officinale), the allele for diamond-shapmjjj.ca*lsi oftv()qq 3paz/;/*b 9nc(x7ed ed seeds (D) is dominant ove/vjlq* d9j*eotns) (;ijxp acqa37cb.mf z( /r oval-shaped seeds (d) and the allele for long seeds (L) is dominant over short seeds (l).

In a genetic cross between a dandelion that is heterozygous for both traits and a dandelion that is homozygous recessive for both traits, what would be the expected proportion of long seeds?

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30#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
In guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), long hair (L) is dominant f31jug263xihfyq/ r s,od ,h tgll)y 9to short hair (l), and curly hair (C) is dominant to straight hair (c). A test cross was carried outy3g,yh ij ,sd1o6 l2fqtgx)l f/urh93 between male heterozygous long, curly-haired guinea pigs and female short, straight-haired guinea pigs and a chi-squared test (χ2) was carried out on the offspring.



1.1.Using a genetic diagram, state the expected ratio of the cross between the two parents.

1.2.Identify the recombinants.

2.1.Calculate the ratio of the observed phenotypes.

2.2.Suggest a reason for the difference between the expected and observed ratios.

3.1.State the null hypothesis in this study.

3.2.Deduce with reasons whether the null hypothesis should be accepted.
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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What best describes the inheritance of the condition shown in the pedifanl57n i.tl4gw r:(m gree chart belnmt(wlr n ia7. 5f:4lgow?

I. Sex-linked trait
II. Dominant trait
III. Recessive trait

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of these statements ak xn7uc10fhw0ng, o 3kbout genetic disorders is/are correct?

I. The majority of genetic disorders are caused by recessive alleles.
II. Genetic disorders can be sex-linked.
III. Offspring of two parents with the same genetic disease will always be affected.

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33#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Outline how polygenic tryfq,s0 o0, vwbk6ul b*aits can show a normal distribution.

2.Outline the differences and similarities between homologous chromosomes.

3.Explain why expected and observed Mendelian ratios may differ.
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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What suggests that the inqabl,3a /m/t0on3 ecy. d2cuwheritance of the disorder shown in the pedigree chart is X-linked recessi t oc3nl/am,/d30e w.qaycb 2uve and not autosomal recessive?



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35#
 
填空题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Different species of living organisms hapr lkhqm *z-6f;m. zozyd,+v+ve different numbers of genes characteristic to them. The table shows the estimated number of genes for five speciedph 6+zm;m,* z+ yozfq-lrk v.s.
Species Estimated number of genes
Escherichia coli (bacteria species) 4,000
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) 13,000
Canis lupis familiaris (dog) 20,000
Homo sapiens (humans) 30,000
Oryza sativa (rice) 40,000
1.Using the information in the table deduce the estimated number of loci in a human genome.
Estimated number of loci in a human is   .
2.Explain how a mutation can affect a characteristic.

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Mendel studied eight characteristics of pea plants, including flowk.ihi; icwgwl-6 sgfe7zfn0g t 7h /;+er colour. If the pea plants M+stfn;7f.ze i 6ghliwg-0;w 7hcg/ik endel was studying can only be white or purple and follow the rules of Mendelian genetics, which of these statements was correct?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A biological male with hemophilia anxb1ce25 t 7xvzd a biological female without hemophilia have a daughter without hemophilia. What are the possible genotypes of the da57e1cztxx2vb ughter?


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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A dihybrid cross was ci 85nvw a )5v(af00lir7;lmx dp u:itparried out between two sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus) to see if the genes for seed number and s7 m5pallvw)5fdti8rp0;(x i0av i u:need shape are linked. The critical value for the chi-squared test at the 0.05 significance level was 7.82. The calculated value for the chi-squared test was 10.05; what does this indicate?

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39#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
1.Explain how parents with blood type A and blood type B can have56- mjiaw0aox a child with blomj0iaw65 x-o aod type O.

2.Outline how polygenic traits can show a normal distribution.

3.Explain the role of inheritance in genetic diseases.
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