Which term describes the splitting of water moleo5nz /r,ptzw- cules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ionpz- z5r/ twn,os and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in ca.,j ;s.vgrk4 s n/jvvyg/e na.+nol:grbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temperature onc ;vo(let*t6gs r1q( m the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particq6r;*gv mlo t(1c ets(ular experiment?

  What does X represent?h iy7 uzc-e/)p

  The Hill reaction shows electro9pejzh02oz1ii at) ,g n transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron a ih,oie) 2zjz1a9g 0tpcceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of thpq159:7yks tci eekc5wf(s2 ee following structures are found in the 5sc k 29we5t7 fpy:1cseieq(k part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate os3uc j 9at9a-j(5b eiaf photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate ofd8o 57viz kphe;wq,i( photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes kisu sy.,lb9)gh b8x3occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following corre 4ri*pm 5zmtsg 2cti 09w,1 pxpkok7t0ctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis1ix sik5g72p0op p9 *4k tmw,crz mtt0 and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with ru ,,c7k4mvy0 ie*1ny ,g fchgsed leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the mq (k.r k5o8yalight-dependent reactions for phot8a y5kmk(q or.osynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynt7f 63ueczyn, tnda5q7hesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in 9r+em 8hphu dgxz6i*5this light-independent reaction of photosyntp r5xmi9 ezhdg86 u*h+hesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most invogac wcy5ou6(5 lved in the production of reduced5a5 ywug6(c co NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the sv74gz.)3q5 wdsc ruxa -yxy4deparation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC)wa cq4-)drxxvu3z4g ys7.dy 5 technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on thbq hp-qs+10kr e rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conicq1r-s qkb0+hpal flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represen2 u m,l 8zrda 2b .picm1h4ho4b1gl-zwts the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflecba om1imc l-lr hwhp44 d2g.z2u,b1 8zted by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a proce7 ry mhmuy2fisy+7j0 9k6olj*ss where carbon compounds are produced in the presence of li ml0yjisf h y7r7m6juk+*9yo2ght.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in theq/ nxdlg;7k;ri t7fpr1drv: 9 ni6nq2 light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis r gt9;q6ni2 1: ;vrif/7nk7qprndldx?

  What is the process that takes place before jz9+mz1hw / pqexcited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosyste+w /hj1mp 9zqzm I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisox-bxhr/v c,s6lcn s6vm//b *a0)n zkphosphate undergo carboxylan6,c-r0v x//ch z*)s m6/vslkbx n obation?

  Which products are formed at the end of k,fa w82ql0p 2 cwxapu8m8tu)the light-dependent and light-independent react qm)x8 ac lw2p8u t,awufp082kions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthv qs s26ks(; x9o*.;m7 qyd -ovismdchetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. -2v h ;6xscy.imvd*qdk;ms oqos79(s Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a ch6 v* /nbn +pyt/( yrmeu,+vkseloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynt,mq;t g, rae(r1/cmcbhesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzy+pzt *gl qt4cx qw-34ime-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict futuq 8yz4o(hrt2tvzxex+o5 -(vr re rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experov-t+hrxzr( xv8 e( z 52qy4toiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxidegcd, ec8kbz3tvt3c z; :*lw ;u in photosystem II, and what form is it found gt*,b 8kzt;ccuved3w;3 cz:l in?

  What were the results obtained from the lolliys 6 w tf451lsoff,ah4pop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of fy5fa,s 1sl o4t6hfw4the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?