Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of light8fqep1 h,/fx x to produ pqfx,e/81x hfce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon y9y ,h k:pip4.cfgy/fc:ku 7dfixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment in1 vzf6kb mf+ d9xmyf7cq897f wvestigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesisx 7 fymv6bf+ 7z9cfqdf9w18km. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?n,9)v 7fmfluo

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolayc:pkckjon9 ,,z / jd2ted chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is to kn:j, cd9kc /j2yp,zhe final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the follos7tu hz3xl7;d*fapp5z k1lo, wing structures are found in the pstf 77pplzu5 lkdzh;1o,*ax3 art of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the ratmx cq;xq; :tqe-x/+ eie of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of lighjni6 a2qnd pzfdi (h7+ .hwk+5,xst )rt intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes on,ijg5 5 m-bt4 h8hzjtv6tenx,v z(0hccur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly showsx.n4jzn1lqhsxc4, f (.vg cg. where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic celfq(cng x4h.sxj 1c. n.,gvz4ll respiration?

Coleus blumei is an att4ybxf y-a43a /w gjdm;ractive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen g 1u :n8*kuccwv9bz9k ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynt 1nkzbwgu98vc*ku:c9 hesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or g2*jxl9py *uf v18*twjda4( w/damug respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reactiogdbmltk( cd5z48 d d*.n of photosynthesdcd5gbzlt48 *(.mk ddis?

  Which structure of th,gg04u pkaan5e chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and ATP,g0au 5akngp4?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thi vfhsm-9 ztu9 2qbnvkm(x;s*,wj(9 ik n-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent prk9 vvh9f mt*k 2s q9w(jmx-(uins,;bz opanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change ohujh4* f0qfpru0d k2+n the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.pd0uhk4ujq+2*fh rf0

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct rangy,jtgulb d4ig: 7ar0lz5(wn 1 e of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for phot14lj0t,(y5wnl: gai7dgb ru zosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon 0r69 y)omfk bwcompounds are produced in the presence of lighkyb9)r6om wf0t.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane t ro+n*69 h9ht+2irdstjgf h5 in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesi5 r*n+ j2os9t+i9hht trh6dgfs?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are tra0:6wpapu;u s snsferred fr6pwsu;0p sa :uom photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo cag.wu j+.h4 .ss(ky5a tc-gkbc rboxylatikg-sa .us.4 gkc wbh5y.+ tj(con?

  Which products are formel0w z hko.5jma5o i 8(t2qco9nd at the end of the light-dependent and light-independentmj5klq.9own io8z(5hoa 0 2 ct reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separat w ekn t9kdr8x tg8:w3gp3+z(qe photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments aq:epg3x 8rtnwd+ t 98g3wz (kkre present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure o u1:9p nevmct6rt2ue)f a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynbj+5b q29/a1yzu iktpthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-cataly5w m jk(-k2scqk2sjf/sed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict f- *ifu3 7htuvjuture rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is ant-ui3vj*f 7uh advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbob*d p,ya(9 xndn dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is d,*9nax(bdyp it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experimedb- bay5;9fje z/og3gnt that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions ozf -jaedg3b9/b;5gyof photosynthesis?