Which term describes the splitting of water moleculjw30dttim(f/ qt r*n0es in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molectw q0tn dt3r 0/mji*f(ules?

  Which of the following is invol( +wzm;4x)sc1ho- mlx3 nsa ezved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an ej2+,cz rafyvz97t wa6xperiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. W 2z az,af7+wy6jcvr9t hich of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representm8v h0 egfknr 1r+zw+.; z*bsr?

  The Hill reaction shows el e*c 05ewvawd5*ii ,d9ebt fjag1ni/0ectron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of peei5dwc05 a g/9f,e0niwd1*b ta *vijhotosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a le +vh yndi fs1j.b 39r1)pljx6zaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part ofrjbh p.+jl1yn vxd6z3 9 fs1i) a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.a/z8e)9 bkcoo

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light qi0zbojria2*6p m:(m intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processeal(z(ct0o cbn4hs+3xq 71 hqos occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows wh:h wuj-f boajo0l xe2s8df4 /3ere chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cesb23jl/deuj 0a-4h: f8w oxf oll respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houpu). m;(kw a 2ukn:ggoseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in htif lzog.p(x ,w-1*6koq jp;8j; bs qz6gh s3the light-dependent reactions for photosyf3ph;s; kjg bhqspxl z.jztg1q,8 6-i*o wo(6nthesis?

  Which of the following correctly descm6j82yj 5hf+r 1)f cu3 hrswkzribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this lighv .fukshaw)w)-j*jd/psz n:/t-independent reaction of photosynthevfja*w)j u)/dk ws: hpz/-n.ssis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved*ui )a1 blsph+ in the production of reduced NADP an+*sa h)ibup l1d ATP?

The diagram shows the separat nxh1*d 8 *v:x7jl gw4 d fwx5r:p81mui/huiicion of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chrom u5ni:*m8wixf:ph/i1c x d7ux1 8 j4d*hrvgwlatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the imp )afe*0 w bnziha96vp9acts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and*i9ah9n w60 e)pzavb f carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum r.)-+hj k, 8ka3h/hs . lnq,ew wafhfaoepresents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed andk.a/o.8hqwefs k 3waa,+f l-nhj,h)h reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where l-9bn80u vrxxzd y1b9 carbon compounds are produced in the presence of light.vn09 -1 b9r bulzyxxd8
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in9pd51z yj b1d +sqc/yk the light-dependent reactions of photosynthes+ kybdq 1951pjsyz/cd is?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are t 4;j5gdwl5/.f.jd nkcmni q,pransferred from photosystem II to5knm nc5 /l4ij .q;j. dd,gfwp photosystem I?

  In which structure of-t *bi:d3t wd6n m0gcg the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylat*-t dtd0cb:6mw nggi 3ion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-independr/o mt7 +hle2zent reactlor+ze mh7t/2ions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be usexvowk7 p/v3 z2tt dt -i+9mg9ud to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to wo3g/ du w-t7t+p9 ivxk2 motz9vrk out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlorop-x bderwa8ef5b re0 06last.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosyntrp b*/di(z9tlhesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactio imlj 198b o:(unsbqz(ns.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are u (4bx/t9 pojv6tx nb;laauf;:sed to predict future rates of photosynthesis and :aotp4xf t;(/bbnlj x;9va6u plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the roln* enl7-o4sxo. ad(7t:mjbyle of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it found in?n l-77be:*txmjo4o( adn.sl y

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experi.x8w9 y f4uc )shqbxznsr-+(qment that enabled Calvin to determine theyx9sr w4)- q8zfnbsx h+(c.uq order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?