Which term describes the splitting of water moleculeswnv o801iond (p,f,w s in the presence of light to produce electrons,f,1vipww8 nsn(o0 do , hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosy6p( w) l2ciy.r+yr litnthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect ofv/o vk1/0gro l temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular egoklrv0o/ / 1vxperiment?

  What does X represent? ;xt3 fx; q2aio

  The Hill reaction shows electron try++io( snw hq.ansfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of phoyhsin o.+q+w(tosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.ufk48ajjb *pbb- 8/s qWhich of the following structures are fopfau jb-*bsjbk /8q84und in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different tt9o * s:ci.tgk hiq1,8.ck nanemperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effecdym 4gnz ob d6p5s50qy: ionr1n 9)ad8t of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur1;p ms 41adgse3k*jy s in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctlyk2 3 uyu ;sq2s+v,rtge shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobick223teur sv uq+sy,;g cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leavesdpq-be:s ansf +ln9nfx/9* h3,pm. h s.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source oxsd7x;a axew0 +6n s05qhl1lq f hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for ph ns+5l0w;a7xh0x qx6l qa sde1otosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly cv6a h73oa;g58 (;cufrqtk*ersim 1z describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction iqwy vh)zoqm*sdo4,)d3*1 wy is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthez4o)*3*syy )qodhv1,mw dwiqsis?

  Which structure of the chls4 jaz;g:.bhaoroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and :g4s;a bh.jaz ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments ubrw y/z 4q8sj) 7dr9q3w,r (xbz qcwi;36xku psing the thin-layer chror9u),r pqw3;/i4 cskz z7xwdbyq wjqb3 x68(rmatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the imp)3xlrq* m2;luuucs j* acts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was plac3mux)u qs *l;lc* 2urjed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelen z*cm,ego5( jy/zl4hha.*pu vgths of light that are absorbed and/ pgz.hy (*l*,vjua5ze4hom c reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the prezqix -z- 6d n.qf.82gdhrmpj2(n3ho ssence 2rd-8(xp h njqq f.2 dison6zg.mh3-zof light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a prozm 3)gfb0g g*hton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactz )g3hmb 0fg*gions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before:r hw7/o 7iax6:jdzi f excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to ph zo /f67:r:da xiwi7jhotosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphotzdm4m f6j88)cn .b75 gl f(9sgzkd9a1tbabgsphate undergo carboxylation?84mt5z)bafa9.fg 69 g8tnd ( 7b1zmkg dj bcsl

  Which products are fonirvl (f):( lsrmed at the end of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions?s()ln li vfr(:

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate pu k2o wf 95y0bmrpxb(cy8o(w0 hotosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the smop (b9 rbw8k 2yxu 0w5(0yfoceparation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlorojs(3 jzf.a;:j iv paz/plast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photcp-a 5xfe /44v(lfff 3gm(jg hosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respira2p 4xugic./ir 4ddrc; tion are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment expe(9op9r8ptj s zriments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon d8pj(zps 9t9orioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photoe8db (b 8p9kdqsystem II, and what form is it8bb9de kqd(8 p found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experime98w( cm- smjwgnt that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? 8(-ms9cjwgm w