Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the pre9uvgna5r -:o)om ,.fdsiii * csence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and mcu5 o)-:igi9n i*farsd.,v ooxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carb . nkgdi ;x:ax,hlig:l k)8p6yon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment6*uwhu(*vl/ bmjo--l qhkk+ ;e j*neh investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout + 6uome*vkq(w -l** buh;/he- hknjljthis particular experiment?

  What does X represent? j s(y*wo2 7j:vwl;o67mkolgz* yf p+g

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in i4a-cnyud 2me7vc+y 0s +i; hjqsolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the finajdmciyu+-y + vhqea0;472 cn sl electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a c20 eoq+r tbictbs8l/:hloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelbr+0t2 cq/bs:o tl8 ieled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at difl h*zr7zya;7n ferent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photo0i9 s+r.w5vl5to u hzgsynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following proces /w/qw.cc9.sotig ecl 7sfe6* ses occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis t0up9lwianw jlii)/m b,413dnyd /)l takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respiratim)4y /9dau lp nl3,1itlwiwnidb0j )/on?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant wkeyvmle n 02 4+ko7vlwo8; e3fith red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source ofi:m ;ncjrklp) 8c/da* hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for ph8pk/:jc)*cm ;ir n dalotosynthesis?

  Which of the followinq8xz c7xs03f*h-6;a 8 byn3ldpg nyhzg correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reacz p6xti6r9v- mtion of photosynth 6z-mti6pr9 xvesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most invoz5 u9igoo.w8vz.wf w :lved in the production of reduced NADP and zvo w :iww8.g.5o fu9zATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigm+wp67sg--b8ui fe axv s5onm.ents using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techniqfo ga s87 n+--e6iw xsvpbu5.mue in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climab 04fcf8( nmfite change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each conn 8c(0f4 bfifmtaining a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light*gag*y8ck7fj:s k( ch that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynk:fgk sj** a g87chyc(thesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are producwuj ouvi ,g*,ir j(.d/qt9xq5ed in the presence of light (, t. 5dui9oju/wjrqg qx*,vi.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradig xiq ul7kipky ;/7i p)aq5.w(ent across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of/qx k )ipyi.7w k57ugpia l(q; photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferr 1um :czym98dwed frocuzm1w y9:md8m photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplastvu07gpr u 7c6nd2:yoj does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylationd:ju2u 70 op6 ynrg7vc?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent a4wo d3x rtm*89ay .qbxnd light-independent reactitwd39 4o mbxx*r.8yqa ons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Belowwo (eivr(l hf-:40ztp is a diagram showing the separ t l pof0-(rhi:ezvw4(ation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of azyogt61 orbds30-:m hcz+mm- 1 pvp. a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for 0itf bhi8l +hd,wq;w* photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzymbv ; oc8c(tnpd3p ;.pue-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rx v)c1c,d;0prnu-6ygimm a- )kc.hqq ates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conductinggmic)khud.q0pv;mq y6cx1 -- cr, an) carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is thep3w(nrrags0t,4zwo wcq6o - xs h3,k- role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form ishpw -,r3ownag,s6 z43w0(cx ko tr- sq it found in?

  What were the results obtained from theob53p: h*l jtwbgd9t8 lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of wth p*g3jd895:tbo lbphotosynthesis?