Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of3 fpc ieo0dnp 8*k50pw sj8hy2 light to produce electronsyhw28pdk50sfp 30ocn8ie p*j , hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosyntchyf70hyh8+ bqy/ wi ;hesis?

  The diagram below shows2tq46q2cn olg an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the followingtgc2 42n6 qoql is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?(o t -mgy hx0y)x3gk/lw+uq.i

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chlor51q gz;fkz0y hqx1k1 voplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron a kx0v51h1g zy1qfz; kqcceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below sh1c hordcoa7m(gf*. ;z ows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structu c ;ah*.( ofrgodz17mcres are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at differenicu j m93 )/a40mof 0cs 0hmk9pgap7eot temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of liik*97z 8 xwhimjp: s5hght intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cycle ok xv9n(xuf83z *l-tzi 9iri-.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosy uwg0 r.q2 zl:0vu6 iy4ug7bybnthesis and aerobicbyl.u i g0w64ug27 uvbrq0yz: cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with es,f7 *feg wc/red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of 9f zuhlk1;h8 lhydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthe8 lz l9kf1;hhusis?

  Which of the following correctly det*qje5vr bm -;scribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction2xquqk7a+vuj6:em4-a v;b cp (*kyeu is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photosyc2jeqav 4 uxm vuq +a :ep6yk7bk*(u-;nthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the produzre,o(b 2t2qf ction of reduced NADP a2z,2qtbof ( rend ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic p-:al6z s xz vpv4q0c1qigments using the thin-layer chromatograpsz-:0 6 vq1x zqv4lapchy (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosyn,kp6ann)p:h athesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solutapkhpn6) :a,nion of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correctu/k: b qmupd; +vsc494u6evjm range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesu 4u cubk v:jp 6mdv;/94+qemsis?

Photosynthesis is a process 0hmu t,9 g;h )hm(/fhgorp:vwwhere carbon compounds are produced in the presence of li(w ;hthhhpog 0 mvm:ur)/f9g,ght.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient h0fau 2(qgydn/ l celz(s0j9pxfo-44across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent rln/h0s4l4jxg2(0q(a cde -o ufzp 9yfeactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process thw5vpnv18t)2rp,d q9+c q ouw wat takes place before excited electrons are transferred frd1vq9cwot 8w+puq) r n,vw 5p2om photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast.3o.qi5 l(i ti+ddwho does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylqohw5io d.d+it l3i. (ation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the ligh4g,; a,xmrd wot-dependent and light-independent react ,,wxr4oag;m dions?

  Thin-layer chromatograi. 7tjn,ysb 4g41fadgphy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are pret i4f4jn1 yggbs7,.dasent in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlorope+q/v (p wyxc,i60tdi last.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosys3n f;z.ehz/fvp 0cr pv2:ot1 nthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyro.v t35a+wa-rntkf 9 me-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are usedqr 3tia;( 3 +1qo:nayz4 pw8wpcqre2m to predict future rates of photosynthesis and;+ (aecr 4:wq1q8rpi n2poqzaty mw 33 plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and whd-c6 3z0bq+n5r7i rbaol cl0hat form is i 0bb c rqca0o6 r5ndl7l-+hi3zt found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lolllnd com+rani0bf . fax..s:,li5a1tm5m o53hipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine thi5:ohi d mns a5m0+xrc5m.3t ..o banf1lfa ,le order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?