Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in tlgc .2w 4e.im.gndyr :he presence of light to produce electrons,:mi lned..wgc4.rg2 y hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photob:lclj. q a6wx5ws 8r.l+uq5z7hy e,psynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating th1,,;csk apnain 7,aw;jr qf p+e effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a meth1a;p jpka+ ,,fiq ,nnc ;7rwsaod of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? ( l6apl,ksziv9.(c a*n6yg o:nrlv 2v

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts *e8 t ;npx3x wwr i:zjpybn300for the light-depenjxwe 3t0;y*0: r8xpz3 npnbiwdent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph belowz /9gjdy xjoz3+j) r(p shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures + ryo dp)/jz(3jxz9 jgare found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesiskno*4nn (t+b- 7 xaujh at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensitjy u;v; p qz; e:fjm/dxvb;+w*:.eg wcy on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Caj209+ek0d/to rq gixylvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis4wo:gm 0l/m nfv(ufp7u)6fi6 jwfvh6 takes place in photosynthesis aw foi6p 4m(gfn6jf:)u/v7lw f0h6uvmnd aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attracti;qsg12 e gn;nd- tev*pve houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-depend ( .r3x euav:v08sauilent reactions for photosynt0s xue :uv 3a.8(varlihesis?

  Which of the following corxm3 m32rkb9d9 btpi4cblqp *.rectly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of phhcdp65xj*e45 1oo hc 0v*zeaxotosyntheo51vhe*c hjx5 x*60zepo a4d csis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in -)ioe9fh- kn jthe production of reduced NADP and kf-9jhe) i-o nATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the tr 9 wel.ko/bc6hin-layer chromatography (TLC) 9e .wclo 6krb/technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into th:6 ld/or evaqi0ttx:l6dm) zi2f*yb,e impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water andfadm/2eiozi,tblxt vd :: )6q6*0yrl carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light ttbe mvsii 9cgfhd2;vm m6r)3x7( 5 k5zhat are absorbed ak7rg9m dveh;csb3x 5i )m (iz562mtfvnd reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compz1t1u,vs* bi4kugc( e t;fn 2mounds are produced in the presence of light. e2zi mc(k1 ;s4u*b1t,tu nvgf
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient ala+.r,4bnuqkz)fs e .uk ia3 +lb :p9scross the thylakoid membrane in the ligh bp4,u)usq. +e : aklk9la.i3+srf nbzt-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place bep1fl3fv/ rg p -g+zuf;fore excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem pfr gf- gz/ lvp3;+f1uI?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carbo h0qi,mdyc,*a t3,oup xylatio, it,a3c0ymq * udh,opn?

  Which products are formi7q ar:umq)q z1 evgt7970mybed at the end of the light-dependent and light-independent reacr9yv7t quq1ba77mg q:m e0)iztions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separateu q1efck+35y f photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in u fqcf 15e3+ykthis way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the u h0w08xiv y4rvltrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesis. l/;lqyi fl )dokw m3;m3*yt o+

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactioi3fi gv uaa 40 m1k6l(vbb/i0sns.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict f8f2 hll -sdk7;qw;wan ju8o0huture rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which ohl sha878 nqfw0u2d;k-wolj; f the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is th: y 7zzjl2ij,..oc/ dtobn gw-e role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is, bnojjz-tw 2i 7do/ g:l.czy. it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipi;yb;chq38b d2m51- 6ppgg f apnf j8iop experiment that enabled Calvin to dete5;y2h i-p8dg ijf83cmnbqbp f6ag p; 1rmine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?