Which term describes the splitting of watci3ww9d9 r :a9skx cn8er molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons,ca9ix939wdk c rw:s8n hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation du*uso j4 i8 v*;f82 2ryptyxvvpring photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment inpcdp :mz6*87xvt ztad 8yu,w9vestigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photod* wtv,xz ua m8cz:8pydpt697synthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?g + cxeirw)9u na.(s5fv 32kzt

  The Hill reaction shows electrokaqdk26bxf +fle*. ,6* vnhg pn transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead *2fha x*6+k6bdg nqfk lep,v.of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below sa yk 1d8u,jk4xhows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chlorod4jy xauk1,8kplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate q+3p:abb 9pfkkaa7- cof photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on tg-s) h3c+ n,g yae 4vee:mv*qdhe rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes z)vf)(b tuer- occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chva4u3t.. dt dzodw+p4+mqjk6 emiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis6 tju+m34t 4vakddzoq+ ..pwd and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leaves. nilkig ow,xw377*pp 0

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependbdv 4 zz2 wlj e:7veab:et5,s0ent reactions for phottev7b bl:ze dz, 52vewa0js: 4osynthesis?

  Which of the following corr-qd 2 zwt8ntp- v73dc9)qucv d 5c*zpeectly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent react6v(4ohv(qwjssx fxq4 x i/n,2 ion of photosynthesj6oxnssfv2q , qv4 wx/(4h(ixis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved ha*9 yz(+n mjwn, hnb1in the production of reduced NADP an+b1 yj9 (,wz*hanhnmnd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using 81lwfenh om448 6qhpa;il k/cthe thin-layer chromatography (TLC);qh6ekl l81wi 4p4/hcanm8of technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on th0 hp:beli 3rb ;5-ybl d9fv+ere rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing 5i93 bh; rbpvl-yrd 0bef:el +a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wave0dkfb rtwl*/. 38ml/*dmslvllengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesldms/*mbl dll0* r/3vkftw8 .is?

Photosynthesis is a process wherev(9.qi yyt95tnh)a qp carbon compounds are produced in the presence of lighvy95qiyt.9 )an t(h qpt.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thy+ jdf0dtv95gyk 2l k6clakoid membrane in the light-depfktjk+ 0dy9 ldcgv5 62endent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place befor +7txp+h rgd0gn+p/h.dg y+zpe excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photonyh70gg+ +h+gtpzd xd/+rpp . system I?

  In which structure of the chloroplastg9y v wdby i:jme 3p64r78j *iou-ikm1 does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylaoipuw*m:my 3y dg- 98bki47iv6je j1rtion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-indepenzpv*aqgn 7irh rbh//-r(j +0 udent reactioiqh7 nzrv gu-/a/*+ 0br(rpjhns?

  Thin-layer chromatograph /32 ck3ffqeu1sbj1gn y can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf valj31guknf3 12qesb/c fues are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the v1 0lgdo4o2l 2*i w*wubdxcx( ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum forcj8b ,jzi xhrds a. 36c3,4jiz photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellularxpy9jh be)5. q respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict futui:/ unq8wd9q(q6, z2g c3gzrqqm mt9tre rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide exp9zgwgzqrt q32 ,/q8 9qnq(imcmt 6: uderiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide ing n188v6nycii photosystem II, and what form is it foundin 8i 1vygnc68 in?

  What were the results oix)einz(:v-gyfd v )m:0c;z w btained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesiy;zf:ed)( v) vgii :wxmc-0zns?