Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of lightgpyh6 )kgw6 m- tg6kg6p -w)y hmo produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the followiv 0fzily+8 p64 k t:andl1xpx,ng is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investi 5 vj:qqye4owjb/-).x1rdxb agating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following/wo.q4:j1xb )-be yv5 jq xard is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representwgt6fe aby(,an :(xi(?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the lig6( 3wp ;*kzbwbgay7pb cuu/5qht-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A pyu7b wz*p;6 35c/ub(kawbqgblue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplasc lf4ztwmtd: (0 cvg8-t in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part8vtfwc t4:zdg -0 mcl( of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the ratodtbw5 /g x9j 90jsu,pe of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of pl+) hkk-6v99rob2cqejc b*l jhotosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occurlm)y)a -fi*cbm iu2 7x in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place ingj nrjzq0:o k.vyza rzq5(;- . photosynzzayrjj ;( q.nkr:q-. gvo0z5thesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leaves. q,;a4r*4e ag/p ab rct

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hyd 59 r,y8okc8 ymxbo1owp0x:r erogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for phot9okeb1yo ,p0cy 58 wm8ro:x rxosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynth/ap*q:oi 8dd8uji/c xesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of ph8t(-1:xdmv bmi 1d) lyi wkvj,otosynthesyim1 8jwx1:k,ti- ) mdbdl(vvis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved ihiy q5.(r y2 axbwpc1(8 shpy,n the production of reduced NADP a,ibyxryh(1c5q h8wpay s2p.(nd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using fq(hepb6om: 7 the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techniqf(7b6 omhqe p:ue in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on th kyjo 3nybohbxhn 8e+7h86wl,zb,,m +e rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solyx+,jek8, bhzl83 ho7bh boy nm+6wn,ution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the corxf+n**s j+m bvrect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chjmv+f*+xbn s*lorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carc+ /r8uk zcbg8e7m 8fhbon compounds are produced in the presence of ligfc8ecb8m r+z 8g/kh7uht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generrd /huwsktiv g59 l11)ate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of l 9ig1vdu5/hk) 1wrst photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transfe;4o txc0 z2wmgrred from photosystex0o;g2 cw4 tmzm II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergrw2daq 00sh n(o carboxylatio0qw2( h0dan srn?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-indeouqx.v yq2p l 6e8,mm.pendent reactions?.2 xyq8poluq,m.e 6m v

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used6dwws4j su5h: to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigmew wss45 6:jduhnts are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows t l. zie4irvr4f:q0b6 qxh 5lcgk,m /b-he ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the 7224) yf.etshrdcmlr action spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-ca nvg;n87juun0:sw6 estalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enriceihatl7+-a):nw zk 98 ao-t.2u2zd ibsmhu8lhment experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of encl ul9 nk+8l2o8 h:.at2b7z ui)zm w-ehit-a sadosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide +7d zbiln2xfh 70vm:)er;m5lj2sa kbin photosystem II, and what form is it f75)i:7 ;0beanlm+2jsrl mfxbkz2 d hvound in?

  What were the results obtained f64*kvpzb j)wxrom the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-)j* pkwz46bxvindependent reactions of photosynthesis?