Which term describesi7v3xfpxhxhcm4 m )o8c )1+kn the splitting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen iovpk)+ o48i7hx 1c3mc) xn hfmxns and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosylax83/z e;sr mnthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experimentuofo-r zc +d:+f-i r6t investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant6fzf r ro+to+u-:-cdi value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representdz :auho u9*0o?

  The Hill reaction show ke0s yty58jicl;(d u.7 f.h yp-p/0 btwy6kqhs electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural f5-.j.i/kyu0q8 eky w(tt 0 dbplyhy; sh76cfpinal electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows pag5 eh2l* jpezwg:cdrf+0(m5.jr g1idc k+/ xcrt of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are foundd(g +:r2 kepm*dw1ecrc+zx /c.550g fj ljigh in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatdh4 oh92qci4l ures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on t*eqfd rxq* e/*fo. n5dhe rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the x,s+sr d5re- bCalvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photr.ag7 mxbc3 i; 3xwg*kosynthesis and aerobic cell3.mbwxr7kg *c;a3xgi respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red lea c1df)p mykztou97g 83) mzi/ives.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen i5big(ke 2 f,ghons in the light-dependent reactions for phogh2fbk,ei5g (tosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photjgg6nn9c9(f a9 41:um kwn(kae txz re-c 1h;zosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reacti g d1ed-ln;me4; 4wozqb2sl9xon is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthnlzwl;s q9xm2b;e1-eog d 4 d4esis?

  Which structure of the chlo,, l+4kw njvldn7*wiu roplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and ATPlnn*u+dv l7ikwj4w,, ?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using thei0.6ug7qf z kbj-awc: thin-layer chromatograph 7u afgk: j60.ziw-bcqy (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of cl4,xfv4 1(6dfoybw1 ghzatw q/imate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pbgw4ht/q4yv xz aff,1 w(16o dondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the *d:s:e be:2zzsg . 0hs;erydycorrect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for phots;ye:shed.2ygz:0db*erz: s osynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process whkfo .l:k6k k-cere carbon compounds are produced in the presence of co-k6k:fl kk.light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a pjox2bb*7 l dt1roton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reacti2b7 x*tl dbjo1ons of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place befocrc x7ihbfxn g5-h3lt6nv 3 10re excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to ph65fh7c-313xn v b ilgnr0hxctotosystem I?

  In which structure of the chlor9fkkm)rd1ii)2a2se 3g 2rjdo oplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxyl2d21ikm i9ake)2 fo3d grj )sration?

  Which products are formed at the end u /1j,b86v5b8dtp 3zgbpc6zvdec y b- of the light-dependent and light-independent v1je6 vdp, 3u8 cbztbczbg/d -8b 6p5yreactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography cagc/+ ddbop - h tpet2v9g27hlcg rq,/ogee/(7 n be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigme,gpo//l/ oh dc7 pbgg rhg2e+e729ectv t -(dqnts in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloropla4,kepofn3,ayqhf3 y8st.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum fomz42gm dm ew+:7mgqlg pj7) ;cr photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellulalrh,l 9w1jx9wopy en y+; ,e/sr respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are usedcfm9rz53kq .g t, kn5v to predict future rates of photosynthes9.g,k5 f3kvrzqn5c mtis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dio rc0vo,emxdfrh/ 5l ,bt):km-(n3 vboxide in photosystem II, and what form is it mkt05bh lfc-b),r e do:,x (vrnv o/3mfound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experimend vut,9g7w*dn t that enabled Calvin to determine the order of t*t,9udv wn7 gdhe light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?