Which term describes the splitting of wasp toty z) eealwu*2zl1 (*-3/jpe:ifter molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen moleetao) f **1tllw:zezpji p e /sy23u-(cules?

  Which of the following is inhu,p--kqi ee .volved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experimentuh h)pg6 -pt1ldn4 :3xzl lo3* rcv:gb investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular13o*lxldg:)p6 ug:bchr3l-4v pznt h experiment?

  What does X represent? zm kf, 8jvp4((r3xhd 3oe;nf3 ,dvvg g

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer zir 6h mfb/s57in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynzh/sf6b 7rm5ithesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Whiche4w34r( clvu/tpvi/3 p( tp ti of the following structures are found in the part of a chloropt 44p(t( luw//v3rve 3ipctiplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rrq 5z/ld77rkd ate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthep:k4om 9,kpn wsis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Cn8f)bjk lkq(+/jwnq )alvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following w)z7f ms ;13amo0jylyx9kl 6;n 6w uoacorrectly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cua6 719yxwm oy 3;l6lzm;w ksfoa )jn0ell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with(cd +yb40 wzfs red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependsq49cj af*tgohh 1*.xent reactions for phot ax1cg9 *j*hh.o sqt4fosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes phqhjsf k(kvcpan +4;36 otosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction0.z/wfqzv a4 n is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photoswzvfn/.q a04zynthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast t6443ii sdnn gis most involved in the production of reduced 6dn4 n4t ii3gsNADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using q7aszr l- t,v 9n)u9ecpu;5oxthe thin-layer cp nr99v5a-xu c oze; 7,tlus)qhromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on t:dd: ha1 q2 v8mthz9rjhe rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a8rdjzt: qd92 hm:va1h solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represe7ro1) cuj s6ssj1fz6il (6zsluw1t)znts the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynth66 ) uo1 swji1zf7sl )61tzz(scu slrjesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon com(scd(9ivh*q x i s4mo3xlq.b/wf5 ek, pounds are produced in the presence of ligh4 x s(f siqh*. dmcqbvo ix9ew/3lk5(,t.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid memb r*p*nn,k +ve,;qw *glulgx1nrane in the light-dependent reactions ov,nlur* q,* 1gne; lnpg+*kwx f photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electronk7;5 3cs2om cro c9aius are transferred from photosystem II to photosysr i 7m9c3;us5o2ccako tem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulossp l1mr 8uz,sy(h4tt4e bisphosphate undergo carboxylayus pt h l(rt48,s1z4mtion?

  Which products are formed at th(*anz8(qxve de end of the light-dependent and light-independentn(d8( ax* ezvq reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pv1b15)x/r7 si n4*hgyjvzdcpigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in tsxb nz) dyh45 *17vrcpi j/gv1he leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows thn 9u,ofl.( bdc /0nfkye ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesis. (ydq0gf c-4n zxf x;+io* ade:

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiratiop kujg mfcg,/(90 l;v:qs4.*lkkphxs n are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are u3v7o0o ib*n xcsed to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, whennb o *x73ic0vo conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the rolehw5 .o59u cvbk of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it founo5 9cb.u wkv5hd in?

  What were the results obtained from the los kz1+*)efwyr llipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of th*eysw)1frk +ze light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?