Which term describes the splitting of water molecul;itbtl6*re qp+cj 3(bes in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen moleculejr*+;tb(ltp6e cb3 iqs?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthe4 pfd7-lcnj+ rsis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the eff) .yrrtf o--a++jy8s u50 akflhw7cnuect of temperature on the rate of phfclyjsa-) 7ur-yfa+ 8 k5w+.0ount rhotosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represenqv(7wde0t 5l ct?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloro75x7x)3;)slu v gbvex cm 1bqwplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue v3evub;1 s7xm5 lcx)7)qxgwb dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below sa;058p p 0jlxt+hgucwcycv( 5hows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplacwac ;5uy5c 0plxtjh +(8vpg0st labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesdhp; 8nl )zc(fibhk(6 is at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity onby ./q rezs7u5 the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur q yyi73,/6/eqey2grqga hs. c 7w+niein the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the followina9/uvln+vyh4d qv6v4 8sikv - g correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic va vis4knlu8 9vyd-+h/vq46 v cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive,qms:v s bn0. x g n0(*jr7is4njpsl:b houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependeni,sv1eai67a37hy se 7 ikmy o2t reactions for photosyh26svyaa 37 i,y oi1i7sek e7mnthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or u7 h5c :gx92ffgqach.yq,ne* respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reactiong c6 )-btowlq.3eqzt9x .*np(dzs y:s lqu -6q of photosynthe ( wz .gt*l.t3xqyqc -ul6:9qnz6-ossqdbp )esis?

  Which structure of the chl/5i d.s1.z8vgxcg f xq 4 fqg7ad)a*vdoroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and g. civ s)fg a8vqx1/dg47 x5f.qzda*dATP?

The diagram shows the separatio fn)x/j4s ji7fn of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technjj)x 7i/nfsf4 ique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change 7 1loac:u-n2u+u ihkb on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution ook 1bn-ucu a 7lih2:u+f water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct ranmqib ( v dou9 cuho6x3::bwi/;ge of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and r/ qwioxhb m:iov(b9uu3c :d6;eflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process wherhj 9-hcl yg+bpah:oz i2)+d8o e carbon compounds are produced in the presence of ligh-)jg9hp8y+:ziac dh+oob l 2ht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton ou2c i 8ul0 pvjig.93a(zr)gdgradient across the thylakoid membrane in the lighu.dpi8grvo3cg ua)l 29zj0( it-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transfego qubzjz2,ea0,r,+ c rred from photosystem II zjeqo+,2g,czaur, b0 to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast tjj,cacuv67cem,p(y a**w .g does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylation?7.wg *c c 6,juae,atjv*(cmpy

  Which products are formed at the end of the lightr; n/ws8m4;to7xgea h-dependent and light-independent reacg to47m hw;n e;/xsra8tions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to sep7 lee+x 2qsl4+lyp0 ufarate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are prese40x+p ylu+f7ql e2lse nt in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultra)1 r-w .gf7vwt2sqluzmxd,f / structure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynto i w m;gway6 rob(w0-wev,j(4hesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellulap6vvt4 pbem3g9dpe5o 1n )ko-r respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enric167bytq y 6evuhment experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments overey 1ubtqv 667y free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in pho 37 oi2cax*1ylbtl5yr tosystem II, and what form is it f523b7lroy1cilt * y axound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enable s;e uw8yxei+ 5w9tb3uc8rl)rd Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions ow ; uc 8l)r+bxueyesi t3r5w98f photosynthesis?