Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the prese hg ygpj put5()q1o;5rnce of light to produce eloyjhg5(;g p)1prqtu 5 ectrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is inh c,d duqit*s*j-,nf n39s4 g()dgh smvolved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating tgeq vhw*- dnka557g,,/id miy qfp+; vhe effect of temperature on the ratn/ m- eqfpgikq5, +yhd5d*vagw7 ,;i ve of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represen8x+jz lh8 uyz9t);/5g vennl gt?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolasvu/f., 6p7gpx 7vnty ted chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural fin, 7t6gxn . fpy7/vpsuval electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplas9xohl9k5+mve( bt:pch +i .a ct in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in thh mhc9p +. t +kl(be59vo:acxie part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of phokl70/2. ei rh)/u/7 y f aswiewa6kxfktosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on tr4m:dojd-z 7;e;+lkhb o bxz)aq7q.9gy7wej he rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin c*sd21q j 8a8( nb9jnsygb wcz;ycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly s8* hg)g il2yvohows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respiratioo vgly28i gh*)n?

Coleus blumei is an ab.cx. +e6-qm+gs qij rttractive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen io)om8ka9jq w2 gns in the light-dependent reactions for phot82o)9 kqwma gjosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or /r addxz,m/p2 vfy, k9rj vl 5s.pnp80respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-indepnbnb-+ fgnuym -e11 v1endent reaction of photosynthnub--1e1ynnf +b 1vgm esis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most5 xt 53 ta/ ksg(bddwc)odvm24 involved in the production of reduced NADP am4g)5(/ wd3s cx tkbtdv25aodnd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of n1xkwzt d1pn;r1lr4q aa,1m: photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the1l1dprr q,nx n1 ;zakw ma1:t4 solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts s5j*e emptek* -kj (e0of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each c*ej(k5- *e p0ete sjkmontaining a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light thxyrq i1 wbrvd38mc4// at are absorbed and reflected by bq3m vw/rry8d4x/ i1 cchlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compou l dl +jgc23vh z2zwelv6j8(io2n;;kknds are produced in the presence of lv k3;oz28 z6l2nj2 vdliwl(h+kc ge;jight.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membranx 9i;/0av;grd ccil*a e in the light-dependent reactions of photos ixidar*gc9;lac0 ; v/ynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before 3ybu //bo4b whexcited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosy/hyu b3/wb4o bstem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose 9h h:ti3l7 ss5dl8 ho-lbp8z tbisphosphate undergo carboxylation?5-th 97tlpzlo8 hbl83sish :d

  Which products are formed at the e+ g2pfb1y v-uo0-pk urnd of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions?1k+bv p0yuufgrp-2-o

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to sepag0//qy0gz6m qiu 8 sgrrate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to wogr/0is 8 /qg uy60qgzmrk out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultras+ :uegc49c684esar em9cy;gks, qued tructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrdnm m19ttiqk2 gtl04jqs j;os 9vr(p4+u 1)erum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular xe ci- -mgh+: li9,sgnrespiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates of phota ygp* dlddd(h+iu 6*9osy+ghddadd(iuy p*l *69 nthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the rxo0u 2ogar5tr11u n+uole of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it found inron0urt gu u1 5x2+oa1?

  What were the results obtained from the lolrfwuj3 .bp+jmhb9p :*:vl )uclipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions ofj+mpub:vuj 3h.r)l :wf* pbc9 photosynthesis?