Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of l jmvfxi5p7uucl0 5 i*8ight to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecu5u5 fv8iul0mj 7ci *pxles?

  Which of the following is in.3rqsbuq i1:hcb+0c +jlu53yry i .ddvolved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows a dzwr k*62bs4an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value th6 2r4ad ws*kbzroughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? mh*72) ;f1bxteau rte

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the lighptz-rcx3/u v +t-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenvz /rxtpc-+u3ol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which o8z5,c k;hka (hby/ rmrf the following struckh(hkz 5m ay/b8;,rr ctures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosu6) f4xn7s okhynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photo-fpw if jxwdl3uvzh03+ 49cv(synthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in th9i o+td, 7n xulw,xqy4e Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmoqk5 p 3q cfadxd)fw w )w832cgs2+:qihsis takes place in photosynthesis and a5i)q2x82q3h3awgcc dfd w:q ps wf +)kerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractvt k7 d mm45xnx7-xwx2ive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the lightte 6e1.llt+n m-dependent reactions for photoll6e1 . nmet+tsynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly desck 2z6us+ hvjz ,2(xh /em9duysribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of pho57qlclf48tgvf q62g qtosyngltqq 57lcv4f28f6qgthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the prod*c9n*ic)o g4t(frytj uction of reduced NADP and ATPy tct)gj c9(i f*o*nr4?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using trd)vqbf /v2z:)si sze 04j : mpo:w2nzhe thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanonz mifsn 2 :b:) q2wzvs d)vj0/:erpz4oe.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the imf 91e * e:qh ybkl9 30jcdmj4d.33rmui ocy-kmpacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a nu-k93m43jc3yyu 1df.mm h lo eeidq* 09r kbc:jmber of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct razq ) +nalsa:ex9)ab:knge of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosyntx :as9+)) beqan:z lakhesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounm4zt8m u(1 zlm)ig ns j32actv uk3:l.ds are produced in the presence of light. a1uc z.vmnt: g3ujmzmkt (3s)84l 2il
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid m -hoja4sfn ac93 3qg(dembrane in the light-4jga 3d3nqhs( co -f9adependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited ebfg1 /n4mai4(lga0cmnlm a) *lectrons are transferred fr)fm a(0ln41gb mnca4gmia*/ lom photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of theps 4e;7y a 7.nw/q1fs4z lcvyv chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylati4swfyeny s7vlpacq.z 471v/;on?

  Which products are form n-q0bfdxj01g0 jb5cvtn ,m k7: :bkkled at the end of the light-dependent and light-independentbjcb gv0d5qj-:mk 1:kn7,l 0tbfknx0 reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separa*8+eja q-q(ikd ats2mte photosynthetic pigments. Below is a die8 +-a2 qi(m sktad*qjagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a ch-hbua+ m:,n zo:dl2l kloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum z(:zk 9rv*h2bgda3 hu for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular re5fl (tb8ofgp,r r;h,wspiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used toe4au :zxlo ss8 b /c8q)9ell 7xqym/b5 predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experq4 8lx /mecsul 8qb y95e/ slabz)x:7oiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxi1msbrd9) -j uide in photosystem II, and what form is it f)-u1jrb i9dmsound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvi5;7fh7,yc5k rx t.mqpcxmpp;n to determine the orrcmpyfh,p5p q 7 c75tm xk;;.xder of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?