Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presamyx+lzo qd,3in7 q1x9 gnw ,;ence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions gow i l;a 3n,mx xqzyd+9n71q,and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fu-h5yoi5jcr6e jq m.,wa-9iaf e n*f,ixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effectp:aovm)q, t3 b of temperature on the rate of photosynth3bp: )q ,omavtesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?,do e ifkha- 7dl.:os9

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the lig a7myr2zp m y7)y)1axcxoe78ght-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final elec e) ycr za1 ammo)gy7y287xp7xtron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below 6meol jd l1(b(shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the pare(61mldb lo( jt of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at differ+:v p*awm2t nac/p bm xfh7(g+ent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect qrc3pqhwlq8th0a9; s .:wc 4npf ) 7ieof light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvinj 32u u/lfhsmb q.d(ko 3ht./h cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosvfj4hnb* o pq *+:.sphynthesis and aerobic cell respiratib. f*j q:n+hp4 *psohvon?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant witgm).q cv:q 3zh1 g)y e2hgz.5d,biikuh red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main sourcodzf , z1.c923iiyqxie of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosyn io 1iz32xqic9 .,fdyzthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describesm08hi n4- ooi1cfi3 xn photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in thi. 8v*fgd1-b qctd5 (yfyhxta 7s light-independent reaction of photosynthed-h5g*7tatxyd qff 1 cvy8.b(sis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most.iied(g 9as*a ))o 1yubn.dro involved in the production of reduced NADP andgs.re au)o .byand)i o*id9(1 ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigme+(d)d hobv:u fy8isp 0nts using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techniqueybs+v0o8dd f )uh(i:p in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on hfj . wak63f(hthe rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of a6w3.fjfhh (k sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct rankcae t)9v- 3hkf wo0j0ge of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for phote c90- kt) wfkoj30vahosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process 1y1 -vpkgf*r58od8 )ntt ypcowhere carbon compounds are produced in the presence o )51t*yn8gpct-fopdy kv8o r1 f light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient aj8zq u 2jf.m4ww. 8cslcross the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesil2z8 w cf4sj.m .q8wjus?

  What is the process that takes place before excited eljnv 6ku::dnx nob 87 hbc,8j-wectrons are transferred frn ::cb wjohn j,k7nb8u68x v-dom photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chlorop:q(p4iqf xb 3wlast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylation?4 bpfi:x(q3 qw

  Which products are formeuj+ 0nxfoujx j (kxy/vty/138d at the end of the light-dependent and light-independent reactiofx /y8/tykjvjux+o(x 3ju10nns?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthe*q-a dni xe(z*tic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to w*xz *(na deq-iork out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastruw6g,lgh .e*kd cture of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectr +4v. 7y;/ltvspcegzf um for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular resnz4;ngqc 1q 3bm5h/q- 7pvm( ljep 4hspiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments arebwjbcq/wq8h-b )8n6 i used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (wn)8hbiw 8qb qcjb6/- FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and whaoe2fuh4w ms 2;t form is it fo ;sfu42o emh2wund in?

  What were the results obtained from the lof2*mt nlcr 7-ullipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of pnf-c m*tu7lr 2hotosynthesis?