Which term describes the splitting of water molj r9;(amrof.yq-0 k go5o6hgeecules in the presence of light to produ90joygeh5 gq ;- o6omk(frr. ace electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation du3c: 9j l a(fgikib9uln-1)c fuk0:smwring photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an r u1v3fb6d.wu2.zykb experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant valuef.du kbw3ry u61z.bv2 throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? uvnfl8:ym gl 18pfg 4.-mkwu0

  The Hill reaction shows e(tz)qo+ r2t 9bpd 9ghylectron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the naturyt 9z)h +dr2gopbqt9(al final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the followirbqr fyo+ m8/)ng structures are found in8fr+ ymro /b)q the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rattj cg(ce1c7w1 e of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the eff;vez) bb7gu4 gect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes oc59 hhpcar- - bqg-yc7ncur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows w8g oa,h*lsxk ap*52ujhere chemiosmosis takes place in photosyn8l, ux2ha*jakg*o 5 spthesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housb81h wdgkwxs*.6gl1 r f ig0c8eplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the lig+l r1s fa7hap;ht-dependent reactions for photosynahl a +pf1;r7sthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration dr(b*g8xfk :z9;l:kgw e cn/x?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-indecg ,f*5 gd;3 hjnda8k4oz+udb pendent reaction of photosynth4 fdh;o d5ck,8n ag3g zub+*djesis?

  Which structure of the chlo3:tfzsnjp 8lt5 .*uefroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NA:ps te ul53.ntz8 ff*jDP and ATP?

The diagram shows thesu/egqmt l:;1 h0 x0jn separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanunte/m0g; sl1jq: 0hx one.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate changg/r kro/qu5rc1r b 5)de on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, e/rr gbu1 r/5 kodq5r)cach containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents thkb 75alcl72c 1mvqy2ae correct range of wavelengths of light that are absoa5kl27v myq27bl cac1rbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon q5mxw9ks3 pohn+(h .n compounds are produced in the presence of light5oqhmxn. nhk39(p sw+.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thy .w+eg wed+d:vy:2o2jc ax4nolakoid membrane in the light-dependentee + gyj2co:n: 4 +wdxd2vwa.o reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transfwg+2 p5wwycx,erred from photosystem II to photosystc2w+gwxpw y,5 em I?

  In which structure of the cdhu-yv dv+l,+5:k wxbhloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylation?,h+kdxu vl:w5v+d-by

  Which products are formed at the 5 owltnx)obtgz +8go p,ptf+d7lrmvi/ z,*4 )end of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions?t *+z x/z o o5imfw)tgdo48n+trgp7v,,p)bll

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separaz y.d.dh/sxfq15f3am9g mc-yn( hqw .te photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf n -3a.9wxm.y .f5 s hdf1gmqzd/hqc(yextracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below showoxqhc ;n .4 cys1f-7kns the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spec3fu5fuif ai;,,xuj4 mtrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respirati1eo(zjd fd *; smedx(7on are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments aremijo 4j ya9,t+ used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclos yt9a+,oji4jmed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what fnwam *17a58mbdrua- yorm isbun5drm8 1*-ay7wama it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabl y o)j1g4eo)pqjme5g9 ed Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesmqo) 5 p1go9jey)4egjis?