Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence ofpvc 0cci:m 83.tra- if light to produce electrons, hydrogenaivc08t3ip:m c rcf.- ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photw9xre afo46-bl aj3d7osynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating tba 4nuk)j kg2*hkafh8f- ) 3ache effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Whck-h j ngfbk42kufa8 h*)a3)aich of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? ul j7p/;a;l zn

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer idl*o+q nanl4 cf(nl 8,n isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photol8+a(dl nlqc4,nnfo * synthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which ofnns .o +/0 nndd0l7thr the following structnr0/o0dnhn s.d+l7 ntures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperature/v z:d8fpc1 9oh) qmxhs.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity ;)c 7k6; fviwt ywt+wj.9flxk on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following process6fmup7 : fref)zvu i 4.jdk:y4es occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemioszhojyh91,3 mrmosis takes place in photosynthesis 9myh3zjr1,o hand aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housepl* enbg61s 1rp9ss xhv3ant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen io x xy2y7k.xz4g4vboj +ns in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesisy7zxy+xbxo kv.44jg2?

  Which of the following correctly de0.h(k ne,,npce.i p egscribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independ6g*razw v0bf,e7 m amxt -7hq2h0m v(oent reaction of photosynthesisto06 ar7mbxh, zg-2* wqf0mva7m(hev ?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most invol. h0an8/r kd29i09dlie:xfd:fn1yhq qvt cm* ved in the production of reduced NADP y*t/ : ilr.0vkn:f2aih9qdxdmd81ncef h09q and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigmen7.,f 4pr+ p yezemg61sn 2*t nzsak)wnts using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC72yf4em.nnz 6z* awn,t p+kg s s1erp)) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosyntci( ewh o w wb w0qeu93j:i. k6d*.s)poxhrv-3hesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containingb.xck 3swq v)0e o(.3pd eriwwuho9jw h:6*i- a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represenr,ci*+opp oktykvj;nj86 8l5 v z:/tj ts the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?l+,6nr5y : o ikopkv8tjp*ctj8zj/ ;v

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds - pqrw+yjuu68d 98fz oare produced in the presence of ligdyo9p+ -8w 8j6r uqfzuht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrjt*f8 md0koq6hiz+c7ev; od i e,yk12 ane in the lqv kk citezdm*e2 y1, io8h7odf;j60+ ight-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place bz- u5ktj9j*lkq*t 8c aefore excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photos* - lt5j9zj*ut 8cakqkystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulos k h4z9/*eolmp + 0diez-dq9yb:ufq l*e bisphosphate undergo carboxyllp 9i hf+kdebo z*m4/09:zq-*yuqeldation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the l.cjs4t sfqqq21 ,fd61j :y3cnv 3 w)9tfcqv gxight-dependent and light-independent rea 3) sgt13 6 qxsty,dqc .9c 21jjfvf4nc:wfqqvctions?

  Thin-layer chromatog oo5mg.tb04 feb g33pmu;qu1o7 rcb9j raphy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram 9mp.3ggobfme 5o0o3r4;c u b 7bqu t1jshowing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloroplassg 3b6;5qn w2focfmc bp/)yr2t.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the 03a e13e, mu)wphze hsaction spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respirrbk4.c3 c fw q4e6:*rumhe;ueation are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment exp: 3r-ztpd 9 3f9shlr,4e mmyrteriments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and pla,zsd3rl :fmem4-rr9tt p9 h y3nt growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbonvdp1 wwr93je5sn as(9+pmu-d dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is p95 pn 9w3 es(j1-ddmas ruwv+it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabl3)5)jgnt c8 1gn)iw0 rlmkxg led Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis gg) )c3t8 rj0w15x)nnglmlki?