Which term describes the splitt2e8 +v zxw7 gt7t(ir9onbwb;ying of water molecules in the presence of light to produce bwtgi7xne9 yb+ (rtw;ov 7 z82electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixq *,f uhh47uo:hmknnho/y5 h,ation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temper0m9ff*0w)eu tm g ja;rature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experimarj09* tfeg;um ) 0mwfent?

  What does X represent?*t/q h( qi)tqbd1db h7

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolate 6ks .xt59b ghea:rut57xhw5nd chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final el7.hnt s5:t5a br6gk5h wuexx9ectron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast inu t10qv0 mc9na7krnqj2r+)u j a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplasnka 270rnq+) uvtucj j q90rm1t labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis ag q )b; a99crbhqgv88mt different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of li:, rq9sb;4tz-a)u fv(l lhhyd *ptf1nght intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following process0rs-aj 42 hvaoes occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in phogzw e4g t/(rq2p8tek/tosynrz4ktw2 /8eq(g /g tepthesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive ho gna.6 ioyv:7nuseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reaction s8d2-l95wfxzrzx0 a8b)oyrniy5x 4 vs for photosynthesis?iywx0oa45x )8l ryxvzz-sbr 2 d8 nf95

  Which of the following correct w6aufkt8v :lmy4al c6 moji:oj**+ t5ly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this0ej8uqdl 9w 1d light-independent reaction of photosynthesis?dedjq1 w 8lu09

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the producg :dt /-c5aukition of reduced NADP and AT5tg /ciad -ku:P?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments use2t u:clc: w9ga xl;nt(pcl--ing the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) tc2x e- llcp:taw ;tucl9n(: -gechnique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate changeed(b7 4z;y;*kwauq q c /0f ebggh71cp on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was pl zc;h ckq01/bb qa7uf4(;ewg epygd7* aced in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the9tfc1lui k -j(ak22xc correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthk f1icu 29( xc-tlajk2esis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compo h18,uj j/5tuz3qdwp ounds are produced in the presence ud ou 1tj3z,jhpq8 /5wof light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across th)z;iu lbx7c -9gb 15bkno/sv1t- kf3 o9prav ke thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactio1a u93-fbk7 g x9cr)z/t1ibsnop -;k 5bv kvlons of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excitedq+0m m(wh65qgvl6eh u electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosy56quh6lewg( mq hv +m0stem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphatewwa5 q-t6 0sxa undergo carboxylatit50a awqx-6 swon?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and ligj;.oy:b bb rr)ht-independent reacr).bbbo :r j;ytions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below v0 )rm;ww0x xrtpt/5y is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to workw mxp);0v yx05r w/ttr out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below show*z; h).jnvqcqs6 ksek6yu-uz h r1i29s the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the actu8rz , bg72pmgion spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-cqnaqvj 3zwhn s674e+ t)hkf /.atalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used luff l*g*j8nwb wlvfqkqz8 96*aa, ,1to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (j1 z,86nuw ,fal9*bl*fqq wgv f*8kalFACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II,3co : j dyfjzew 9c+kquo/8y*-l+s(tw and what form is it found in?+cs*etdwfcu:-/ 8oojlk9 jzy(+w3yq

  What were the results obtained from tin6dnfvmd 2 g0*bon:ck 2(zy9he lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynth 92k n oic yn:d2fbv(dgznm6*0esis?