Which term describes the splitting of water molecules i3z6axif**ks5r dg xf:n the presence of light to produce df*i35fx*szxg :6kr aelectrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the followinjb;sgq;bm0z34(fqu so1 4at pg is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temwr 3rn.y-ofg)6 jh2nn)ao x+ct* wo4lperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled varon6)r2+ 3.ho w4y*c gjnfa-olwn t )rxiable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent, ymus4w*a ia2v jk/4*li lmz)?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolasv*6s8-v.jd; t dm idz,tm5e uted chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the dd6; m -tsiz8.v*5stue,vjmdfinal electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the followinvpuw5je j97b/g structures are found/vwpbj j97eu5 in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of pl9llwm0 5e5,/cgo rdhhotosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light inten-5b2a*l)ol 4c:bezh t3k ,vve qg zx9dsity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in t9d pawb:hm x7 +l1.qxche Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correc qfcrg ads sp95-:c/4*da e1krtly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthes9rde s4ka q/*ag:cc-s1rdfp5is and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractswnj p:jhgj xd 8r -y5c-/,wp7ive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogenb 3(egup4. hfx5ew6xq ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosyntpfu5.x e qbg63xw(e4 hhesis?

  Which of the following correctly describeulyuvpe94 mp2(a :3mwgofa2 / s photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurria7na 0 5 3.m /e1qjnhc*eqiwjing in this light-independent reaction of photosynth5 imwnaj*jec1en h37q0i/q a.esis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is mpfr 1tg5/t v x8imsb00ost involved in the production of reduced NADpf/5srti b v0gm0 8x1tP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pd6).+bgnvx g) 4isyzm 1ytwe,igments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvgin16sy wy+e mbdxt4, .))zg vent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change o,m iejc6by ptnml2-7a3;1l son the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each contai3-cbsjmo iy7 l2 nam1,p6 ;ltening a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavenp-6 uy5st7p ylengths of light that are absorbed and reflectep7ytunps65 -yd by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in theyw8np 6c9)bk q presence of light p968 nkbw)qyc.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradielpoboms- 9d.l8uc . ods j60p.nt across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions ofu sc.ddlop -0 jpls86o9m. .bo photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes7co6 : hqz m :rcuvsll13+k9i+mkc,qb place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosyst 6c cvusr:qb3z: k hlkq+m91c,7ml+ oiem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast df4(a6to g jk*1gh/yu moes ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylayg6 /o*jght1(4m fka ution?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent aaf 7cd yw5-0)m+davu s)md5v ind light-independent 57cuf wd0disayav m +d- ))v5mreactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to sepa8*ab5 gv .wmv 0tc(syvrate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separatig5 tsm08a .*vvy cbv(won of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultras gh+ a/i.h(d5. 5ssqjp;ue+hjomz f /ctructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesie1s(fo9hbu .p s.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catal m8r 9+i7v0fsrep7o ew8cgqe,ysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predicto5b,x) x-iy:c5gqdhddr u/ h4 future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of th br xhcy :-5ih5dd/4o udqx),ge following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of cg m.n5xqony ck,.oze /(sj 5wzv)18 miarbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is s)vzm ozmw/xycg. qinn e( 5,5k1oj.8it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop expea66)q14 adcy zk/ywkmon* s2o riment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of py 6)4awzka*kd21n/mq o6o scyhotosynthesis?