Which term describes the splitting of water molecules . ed+ gcd:5rgy h7g+akxoz43zin the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen mc+xd rgdgya zo 7zkh+3: 5e.g4olecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbs-4d8kse d ggkx d;;i3on fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investiglevxys97 yj8z c en,;;ating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at eyse9z vl;8xnjc, ;7ya constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represen i18-9 iopgcd-lhf(zz ra-ol9t?

  The Hill reaction shows eleropl;qt- 6r5yctron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of phoqor-y l5r6t p;tosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which o;av:dgl gwm y0:-kx rut +c:,d7jos0of the following:ac7 ug0 rjv ,d-; tgmo :0s+yk:wxdol structures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of p4u v;gq3w5 drbhotosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate o3f dfgcr;r 73kf photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following process erk 9qzne p5x/)p4m6vbs0q4aes occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in phoz-v/t b,dmyfe.,7zl; i7(u5 herd s fotosynthesis and aerobic cell respirationztfzfd-,( i deb;s.5hm/vryul,o7 e 7?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant withxg9)kbe1p.qlgnni ,b 4-c0ve red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent rea:7ul2 pybhwy2w- c uoi1p mk 5,8eqw.lctions for photosyq8 i w1h-wylp7 e:522. yo wcuu,lmbpknthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respi 3m;q3ir5 *onjeyo2mxuk6lz/ ration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reactig0+tfn j1bb9n rr47zyon is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthesis? 4+b rr9jfgn0ytbz17n

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most invo 60 f s4q3twpxp zth28yjlcz*rg v33*w6 y(ggrlved in the production of reduced NA tg *wxy6j3 vc3rtp8 gsy0z2p(z3f l6 q4*hgwrDP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigmee3-6ilq3ry lab 0a u,pnts using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) tec 0blyu3 a-6lq,3iraephnique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climat(9;jg9 uz+v yiwjxfl c3,zy,te change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondwiwtx;( 9lv zjzf+cuy,, y9 gj3eed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light th1lib3k3 :uhndat are absorbed and reflecte l:3idbn3k1 uhd by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon coh.)0cjha3j n,25qelwhfmq - rmpounds are produced in the presence of h qqj wn )rc.3h05ehj-,lfa2m light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane ins4uv//pcz8lotsyik+ z+.:o2i m d2 au the li 8l +s. yuctoz2s2puz+/ im4 ia/d:ovkght-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that ta0czvqdj zh;,q.1np r5kes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to.rj 5 hnqp1zq0,v;cz d photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bi4 zwx(lx hn-v3sphosphate undergo carboxylationx vxn-(h z4wl3?

  Which products are formed at the end of the l8dxe .(t) wl8,zmn moiight-dependent and light-independent reac.)zmeni( wtodx ,88mltions?

  Thin-layer chromatograp2(s:7 eyhlmh0tsvo/ob dwm(.hy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf m/ (:lom. hb7wsyvoseh02 td(values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shor hubd:d5xwyr/d3 a0,h 86bw xws the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the acyx z1tn.*m no,tion spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.e:sy1wpi )q9v
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experi ht3iun)yzdy1p1 s-a5ments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advadazp-yihu1s) ty5n 31 ntage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon a+gqli6o8ii: 3b4 ipz1ano s tt 8sfi8k6+l ,sdioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it61zqp+ 6i aa3 :+ti fongs,4ii8t 8lblsi8 oks found in?

  What were the results o+3+.c4uzoql-udd q+y v6fekp btained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the o4v.k+u-dq+decq fo+6 l py3zurder of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?