Which term describes the j,z2zgd7j -w lsplitting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and ,-j 2gd7 wjzzloxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during pho lrvf. zo); q*ckwoi:*tosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating ex dpo6*)mf8y we)k+ kthe effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular exp k8 +de)w6xfek*) yomperiment?

  What does X representzm3 4nirud)6t6n;-5ybq0 8 tom hgma l?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for th/9u jh7wx. fear3j gb*nf ,u(qe light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used insuq ef*,u (3g /.7wjhb r9nxafjtead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows pxwecg5:s* /fwm sr7x+ art of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of sxfmwg *xs+ w5rc:7e/a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthes, eox1. ad)nwris at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate ,igr7xs htgnuu8 gb351+ pfs.of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in th9lw 92 ;/o b6x,2/jzxxmrquv zdluwg-e Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly sh+qy-/;lnw1 od6/c0 cfwh)x9i cr nkbfows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynt h1o/inlycn+;f -/b6 )rc ckw9wq0 fxdhesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractivlrk9 :f*c*ri qe houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen i4w9hlr+ 4lbfc32p un ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesiswh44+ bi 3 pcrfn92ull?

  Which of the following correctly 74fl-;k h tf)2ijdarf4wk6o2 s-baf ydescribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurri1yqj(5o 4 v3j3zvvc bqng in this light-independent reaction of photosynthesis qzjojv q1v v5(b334yc?

  Which structure of the)r v5dm,3cto t chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and d t5vo)3ctm ,rATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic p7pgge7firz;w8 9twf+ igments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) 9g8w;e+ ff i7p7wrgzttechnique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of pho:*n ymivx,5mind m ys /xs//3ytosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a mm dm ,y/y/3xns*5/sxvyin i: solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represuj0 h;kco od4)ents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photo )cj hko04od;usynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produceco a)0s3v tx;gd in the presence of o30 csv;)gtax light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradi6 py /8amg.wkpent across the thylakoid membrane in the ligw8ygp/p .kam6 ht-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that a4n)gz4 b/6dpw pme;p takes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem I/g;ppwpeb)4mz 4an 6dI to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the ch *oq9lzgl* i6 9;.ipz0ffnmfiloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxyl zi0;ff9 mzq6l*. p9*in oigflation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-depenxn gr/n95jj.ca-d z(p3mf g8b dent and light-independent rezbra (5ndj g g3j/ 89cnxfpm.-actions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to sexmzcdl7 m6-*rdkt3mg o29z+r parate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values a9mz3z2cdg-x *6 r ltkm7mrdo+re used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure oqueh;7c 3kwo;u.mj 7 of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action*+efq9udugcn n4d y51-5 :mqgat tuh5 spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catauqh (dq d-m26jlysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to prepr 8jwn :y/yd3ao9mmz zh8n 37dict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon di97y: r3zznhjd8wap nmo/8 m3 yoxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form gz ,w1 l /0rz4pa5:qvtn-vcq qis it found i0,tv-q ln1r q5zc:vwg4z a/pqn?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop expfb j7m qt3-ig zl)z7l2eriment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent r3m)t iflqb2lz-g77jzeactions of photosynthesis?