The three common phases of matty3gzk26uem rnyi u; wo1(9d.ve t3,aper are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density /io3kmqv+1 z xof $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is no x;g 1 yt48;nmoh2kw7 qzisr1ht a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same arel43ywuysne,fa/ycix 2 1;yz4a base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bo2i;y3/fwyy4ua s,ylxnec4 z 1 ttom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference bec6ve70k-low h; cwre 4tween the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to*hh w2m;md 3po the absolute pressure at the bottom of awhpod 23h *m;m pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m ben:4bs7 c2zuz nbeath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the a4cn2z bz7 usb:bsolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princp1e+wal0ze/)4 yngy9c, aajv iple.

State Archimedes' prin)/b.. qmlug rbciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water ofxdr 9t a3k1 e(nc6yf.mnq:(v c2x5kaz constant density, what happens to the buoyant force ( 29t ak.x3 : yn6 fvx1z5r(qkcmdcaenon it?

  Salt water has greater density than fw0vx- + d98x)upxtviga a+r 5xresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water andrp 5)d x- v9+uixxa+0axgvtw8 in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both frese qop33ltt:s. x5y/z hh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt watertxe:5q33lphsoy. z/t is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool ofl/rd,vz*qg ;whrbb 7 ; onde;2 mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball gvrq,7w/e;;n 2g*l bzd;odrhbreater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottkhbjm:ig16(n2+c /ipg,t+vj- a iym r om of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force2g1hy j m:ii -p njk+tb+ic(a6mv/ ,rg on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floatind/x ytcd3vf/k8ako u 1nd 7,4xg in a bathtub. If the iron / xvknx ky/a843d7, ucd1dtof is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating ib91+fp bk vt+cn a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to b9cpt+b1 v+fk the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The xi:c2emes v4 9 17g pztwhby6az)e.1t diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?p7e 1 vzte)bi2 m:t4g6xcwe1h. z9asy

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If th pnv 4hc-c6pgch,w8meh1;f n; e pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow hgm8p-nh; v 4cc6ep1ch n;f, wspeed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to hal vuql p3il3u-p-t7b3g/z9gxbf its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower sectionlgb -up 3bv9qz 3p3/7 uix-tgl?

State Bernoulli's principaoxc0,8 a- xflqd6i 1jle.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law od jsm-yl1 h7vro-4ebiy87c ,p f conservation of energy in floy7v7bci 4l,hem-8sdyr j 1- puids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pcr)0rk+ sl7zd( gw tp+ressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diametebx 8)j4eb (vbz8mswr3r of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure msj8e3b ( wbxz)v84br greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This isbyl l4c.k(8 xkjl :7rz4pxa2g because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocityt3* x4i+:rsg7lpvf0b uwi( bd. The force of air resistance on rb+:d 7i*s(3tgw bp il0x4uvfhim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radiz3z 5-psmm hzmkb66-n+ o5b msi R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Whichm5mss z 6h36-bmkmz-onp5z b+ will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r fallsl.o 5n0bik ll p-avmx6 80wo,o through water, it experiences a dr0 l-ol6 i85,aolbvkx.onwpm 0ag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the f /bm,6vdf nqn-low of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatesdfv /bn,6nm q-t change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the sam1qctxb2)ou5 le length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate ilb2 1ou5tx)qc n pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long gz 0ocn 7q)bdo+sa/y e n;8u;xas pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what ien;xoszd 7a)yo+ 0cg; nu8b/qs the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy.(mhz 7azp;i7 r dyxi(a 5+dm l+a:jnj4 This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil7 mam(aj4adp5n+x:zhi+ d;zrly 7i( j spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the wat+ziu6o)8ngq w er rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high wo68nq giw +)zuould the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficientld:. hj0xy b:t45eu iros +7gnby lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tensioexj::ub7h.gnyrd4o5+ its b 0n. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficv-gzcy fqdyv1,+7 2iu54hedpj; ta5 uiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tensiog5f yd5e;v,h a1 d 2ivz4u7 ycu+tqjp-n, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.07h cwn.w hey,i2(8,vb qeq os, g. What is its density,7ewsve,,q h i8.2b y o(hncqw?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densit dh58+; p.q3m)sgd bcr ez9yaky?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is ta,:4swbukp; s8f/ kvhe 2zrj 1so9k 6hhe maximum pressure it can exert on a horizok26h;sh:9oj 4k s 8s az,be/ukfpvr1wntal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each4q*-jp0 d d)gkk3wwvq0(xy e v snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a di0o yy7+tbvpzrb 2 ql-d,nm-0epth of 120.0 m in the oceanq +b07dyy, rvpmn- -izt2lob0?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in hbmwr; 1,/zs7dn je,ba submarine can withstand a maximum force o/rd be7b,z 1,njwsm;h f $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolimqv x(0 umd3 zq:96ntute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m bel p0xu b9 vtm0ndj1ac0+r;o0zy ow the surface of sea? (The to rcx0 bzd9y+ 0u10jn;v0p amdensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (Tivmvzv5j k*h1cg 2- ,she density of seawater g* cvji,1-s hvzmv5 2kis $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pik5l wf7uq(m: i )iwxftqzdo )67q+ g09dhlq 6pston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has area0hzd(qf6 6f5kw u) qqltqx:+)7g lmp79wd ii o $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston y28tczn q enr 18z/n,thas a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a tq enz , 12/c8znn8rytradius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic pistkh-w q k8 co;p-q7n4eop .mvg3dpwtb4-:xn5yon. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomq;:kq vhby p n- 4c-o8exw.gkpndp-4t5 3wo7mplish this?

  The small piston of a hydrau- :5v-k wreqdklic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. v-kw e- :5rkdqThe lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs gg*/c x/iq-*gszwq(v 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant forcgx-g qc*s/iw(zq*g/ ve of the water?

  An object has a volume o ighb+)9ud sd63r:af na8 3zyof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while suxp1-q w9ef hc2bmerged in water. What is the tensio c-q2efxpw1 h9n in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of golba2v n6pc xc -1ovq1;ed is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densit8cf9c (v azg4sy = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in waksw.yhr+)na- dcd z4*ter. What is the specific grav d *achdwkr4z-+sn.y) ity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale 8slm zemngw9lfs5,)c /b 2ui8reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravi/ 82mnsf lmgl,)zus8ic w9e5bty = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and densi k7xonsu;(m *bty of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will jus4(ku iice,7td 6j5 mfl62l yzma*)uz snf,7qtt barely float in watya7l,7ekt )sdu6mq ijln2z fz4fic m6t5u*,( er. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of neglmd4vhsi 4iv-a.vxfu v/ 1du i1vedw(/: kb/ 5oigible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How meoiv 4 vv/dm5xd/f a-vh4(kdvbwus: 1 /u.i1i any kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with e4l(48fxs nxpz *,xol half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight *x xfol8lx4 ezs,4n(pof the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths o5xp+,)yvtwef f its volume beneath the surface. What is the objwfv5+yp) ,xe tect's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volxo abf.1,/z r 7i2(zrbfo,ytu ume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on thebur2ftir/ a, o,zo .z by71x(f object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick./ d;l(12nn )miprss2uy0b: ; fnimrcc What is the minimum area of the floe th;dlimmuc/ yn (cps2 r:012n;)fnsirb at will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/jmkc1a 8t8 s6is. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. Tg5* fx4ng.jqn;dxl 2p46kdhdn (uvn5 here is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What iqnx;kunjv5dnl pgg426(*xn f h 5d.d 4s the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a psbt ttd46 /:rbressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinkingljc ia5 9 p9tus, uypalok ;5jayz0236 fountain with 300 kPa, if the fount0zy599u3 l;jlo25upspikaayt6ac ,j ain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurwhw aebl,:hx op4g8 m+jx7;b;s in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will wao 7a,w8xbj w: belxphh;g+m ;4ter flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe ofp+qiz bm7:p/rlg+4kj cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.2hw4h)f g 8b1eg0 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drahh1b ge4 )wg8fg effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wcttyd/yfgrkuen 5-.,80z lg7 all of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to t,du7y8lecz- y.05n/ frkggt be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A hasyu9 cwi y*89-m(e /lgapngiq1 twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise ii nyuegpw/q9l aiy c81(gm-*9n tube B?

  The surface tension f/fn0ch (h (hdof water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameth(/dhf( ch0fn er 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a bjc)nk,2 p-na glass capillary tube with a dian,k-p )ac jnb2meter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rqw pj/8p op3lvdv d*+5*yjxw5w s0aq- ises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of thew30qwl5 j+*pp85vjv as-q x*dy/odw p liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a7 s .0tf/wpzax g7ah2i soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of st72x gawhf z70psia./oapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built i--.t(gbv emn8p zkzf :n such a way that one of the lonnt z eg b8.mf:--vpkz(ger sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?