The three common phases of matuy+t67bf; :y asyc2b jter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofvk(idb qg l)7- $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followifpkom0 v -6.q8j)oklr ng is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, andfwx0yd b k-rfb9)l* yvt8o0i / all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at tho bxwv) tk8lby00y/-i fd*fr 9e top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressuresw 1 /pqvvam4sg */1,jrarcf l5 inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changmk+ ymq u6jy:xx, 3eh-es, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool? y3yx-jeq x +uh6:,mmk

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you die 4msqdaj: 9f7ve to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute press: ed s7mjfq4a9ure on you?

State Pascal's princpix4f5 qw ocx:z*q5h18cf 9luiple.

State Archimedes' princxlgol:*9 .p( qf 46ij ut7cn vo,vilg(iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densitq0qk/ szx sln6 ce29/ty, what happens to the buoyant force on ittx2zes96sl0/c/ q qnk?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh ir 9 g d6ma,pl(nt83cvwater and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boatatm pr(68 9 d,c3gvinl?

  Salt water is more dense6 fbfp.fj+kdo5(t bi. than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Comparedf iotkfj6.+( p.b df5b to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Whezmov pqp8v8 gz23m o 5j5o0dk3re is the buoyant forc 8zgv 233mzmpopdq5o0o 5v8kj e on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 102pi, -z j,3fqv --dlkq;m:n0zecntlb-kg piece of lead.bn-tkp v dz e;lq:-cq02,jmnl 3zf, i- Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a ba-ap) yxawbz7 0thtub. If the iron is removed-awb y)z70px a from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating i ks0 hmitjj543n a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is takh i5s4m3kt0jjen off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of thopncg,- e 0 o ,,yravn 48sj+(gqnxkp)e pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the sv+n ox4 ),y qe j,op0,8-rgng (apnckspeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizonb76 yxb(a2+6vcmyo nk hz (0t,u6 nvgptal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is tkh2t 6g(apon6y y6bcux 7b0z(nv ,mv+he flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows atspn.2rhyvi 0 -wrs a4m;m6l.l 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in t.4s ;nrym0v26pia hl- sr.mwlhe narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prh6sjwczz b(6- )uxg ;y mbfm79inciple.

  Which one of the following 8m9k sj-sz n/e4qw3ccis associated with the law of conservation of energy i m-8zc wqsj9k3se4/cnn fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure mce ,lfl7euj; s;lxw44/arx1in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diamenh+ mf- w5n:emter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the watm-ew5 :n +nfmher pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paperuy4 2/aueu* as.v 7yez rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. dh/3kcbxhap z r. + s*s(cb);x The force of air resistance on him i*b/cax3). hhcsb p( sxdr+zk;s

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously f)v 6ogj2 59 ajbqsio1from a tall tower. Which will reach th9if2o os 16jjb5q )vage ground first?

  When a small spherical rockket . 3kq2ww;j of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag foqwt;.3 jk2kewrce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of flucp g ;zag 6gbpprryq r71w-:57id through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which rrr 17gz5p6:wg 7-apg p;q ybcwould cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length vgu9iqjz;;vui 9iv 8q:mccli60* we+, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to8qzq9 gv i9*c w vj :um6ic0e;+iiul;v the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twici:lg)kjhrg9 5 e as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subjgj5 r)h i:g9klect to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" t h/y hu1xdp(4kaste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over t4hk yxdp/( u1hhe surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water94o : t3dnvsrx rises to a height h. If the diameter werros3 n9dtvx4 :e half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lighni v6 :m:ex0-/flsrzs tweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. r:e:0sn/ix6-lf vsz m What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water/tb0cb18v m7fr8nqia3m. xev bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward a b v0b71e88i rtf/mx.cmqvn3force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has)1 a0yw xwjzl 0fs9ni/ a mass of 30.0 g. Whats0 za fiy1wx9l/ wn)j0 is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.8 +vrwm y)k6mw357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the mqluy)g dq 1 4rt7wt;ndexa-;; aximum pressuregwydq7t xr;a-;4d) e1lqt nu; it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each s w6or 5)n,sf+e,ipj.+ qlv: h+bfkbzlnowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submariwwaq 3s5gz 04fncjz; 2ne withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in tcqwz;aj3 fzs4g502 nwhe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm difhvu7buxd512-o(x b n ameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force of f xv5-u hb21no(x7 ubd$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressfcoxt(,rq*8np5 r2yb ure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface o0jx4 x/ps9 /gnprth+e f sea? (The density of seawater i x4 /+p9jxen/s tph0rgs $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a loca* z4nxmkn,m-s.d abbt h1/b4h-sk)jg tion 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The dens.z stgknbm 1nhm-bax)h4, k bs-j*4/dity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small rgt6z*6jxdtk f -dyz3rv* 2mf94tp7j piston m39*66ktj-ztr 7df2 *jdv fpz4grxt yhas area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a fyp3w2e itc.ht:l q360mg g,tradius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the.mitw,yqg :t t e6 3phgc03l2f small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Whak;ijt. yo+mxv-k2w+ o t force needs to be applied to a 5.0 c; m+ y kk-v2iwotxoj.+m diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cmw(vgim*iqlqq2ac z 0(99k1c k , and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 1(kavcz2q w9m09i ic (*qg kql15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N iq,jlosq 4 ktr8yf8 6* 5;og bgc2fe4wrn air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force o qwb*j4 y62 85kfgg f8roqse c;lort,4f the water?

  An object has a volume ody2uvg+:uae* (kq-w vf $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by axm k2w 7bxte+wq+ t20n string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravitywtk2 we+xt2 b0+nmx7q of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gon78zznbcx5ph(.l nr8ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submv 29*aqxfdn5 narine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N s41o k: l eu cr)v0i xvefyh84hu7*qd9when it is immersed in water. What is tdlir v 148q*0so9uhk v:fyux7eh)e4che specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placwg ss. wsr 6ze4h,h7oq:7mad(ed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered( :ssd7ze ,7a.h w4gqsr6ho mw into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and der8qx h6f z4dz-nsity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in )m tqo4-wp -xuwater. What is its massuw-qo4)-t pxm?

  A rectangular box ofojx:x .: o,ac;hf 7.ltqx6ehx negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake:xljq,x: e 6;xhcah7.xt o.of?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath4sv rztb /2 sje69d4u77mav vr-rv8vx the surface of the water. The weight of tt rr2suv8e79m6v sv- rvjz4xv4/bd7ahe displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume bnvo 6 p/x0as3()l gtibeneath the surface. Wha6i/ ns )xlop0b a3vt(gt is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath tnd q (uxu i*ll0ht2k65he surface of the water. What is the6l*ni(x qhu2klu t 05d buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg dptu 6v r10uz:stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific grut1 vpz:0du6r avity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through hj9 xp duqu/.(a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at3/42licl ste a 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diame/ tcisael4l 32ter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s z; z.gz)g uph,in a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinkhxzyc9* wu(egi.yz3f2 e 3,q oing fountain with 300 kPa, yo(*,ghq 9ue3c.wyzi3 z2efxif the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottomw ay,ng9wpa1q5cn8n,a0 pn7p of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will n5cannpqpg,0 7a8wpa1,y n 9wwater flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional arex2q)x0 xh13o.k89qkrx nlv gsa $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 ;vq:3j7sja k,(emc:)myehqlqd ;i ,,jyg4 re L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag ef)ygq( kld,:e;c jmj;r,4vsm:iq7 3eay qh j e,fects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on thkufy *kb. (g;afufk.0 e wall of an artery decreased the radius by(u 0b y;ffka. .*gkukf 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are nxyyi esx-, 9;l xejt47li) o7placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it riy94e o-;jni 7y)si x, tlx7lexse in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high wi d; 8cs/pvlt*ovie +dk3 dvj/)(dlyi 1ll water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1d;s1j/+k t)di dvi8c*oe vl/ d(3vypl.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Ceqmn la.dc6k (8ju; s nt;lc8n)lsius rise in a glass capillary tube with8k()lql8;n umctcda6 snn;j . a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the waterx619qn cs e; 16jdgsjg rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid cscn6sjgj1g1 dxq; e69olumn in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600m lea-, ptxtu7v*;t(w m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy - 7 ,lmxtp;utv*ea(twwater is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and nt u(yj(gs.v)2exj m 7is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so ttj7.ye xs)(m2(gvu nj hat the frame is 12 cm square?