The three common phases of matter ar; gg85 ku5pmfu2/a,v p9awh 9yfnoiv;e

  Density is

  Substance A has a denjl -j,7qmi0796j9pjy7wdwn zy8ouv s sity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following iv*k2kovvew0b: ta:4qs-tktz4-t x /qs not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have x)xrq o03frlz,w6c z43o/vc i7ucf k 0the same area base, and all three are filled toz0r/lk,o)f6 zu0w i cvx7c rfxqc 34o3 the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a t1 94atcv6q cleire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute press ,7:zf94)notll nltlbm ,c2wpwvw- /eure at the bottlv n9 ww,e/ wl4t7:)p,lnlb 2-cm ftzoom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of vt *glb: d8ib3a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the abs bl*ivd g:3tb8olute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlqceolz*4, p*d h5nvd:73sin6 gy3 myfe.

State Archimedes' prinz.j*rp )oas*ahs( 5ymciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper in: czts t0t1vmb8 xse.)to water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force on i 1t)0ezbtsvc:t.x s8mt?

  Salt water has greater density than fr(h)guga3o7 x iesh water. A boat floats in both fresh water anda)ui x3gho7(g in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense tydk8 5e rj3)ethan fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. C5k)ytrd8e e3jompared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercuryoon)d+4,kzf*w 7jb m l. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greater?f,7kj 4*+bwlmd n)zo o

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom ofa3sy.iby5)a c2m j*c b a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greatery)32 bc .jma csbaiy*5 buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If th:r,el o;r)xre+ g.hece iron is removed from the wood, ,ece+gxrh)ro:. ler; what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a 36x-qq+fs ohdbathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to t+-dx3hsq6 fq ohe water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of39t ke 80tniqd the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is th8i03en t kqd9te speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twi*pp4 bpne +fv:t+as2 gce its original radius, what is the f ppapt*n:2 s4+fe+gv blow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 1j629ad 1agwikkr1l a9 2 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed 21 a9 ag rk9adl16kiwjin the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princi qbm- s2hgrd6+ob w+w:ple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of enernm /:1g; tc oou.x *8rvwf,t 2 exfivye6nee47gy in flu iocx/vngow1 t 4tn6u7r2,fefe:ym.e;ev *8x ids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pregl5ur88qp. mvr vw48k3* b81f usdzar ssure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pip(e +zd3:hi6oey c-1kh3bj bv te. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatesz3i1 c6 e+khjvb(t:yehb -3d ot?

  When you blow some air aboc pc5w gjw1yr80z 1qe1ve a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velhw i5+g0 abpv 4s,3pjtocity. The force of air resistance on h4gwpv30 sp ji5ht+ ,abim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released si oe dyjigi c*mro47(zc( ,zwn3q 59/nvmultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach,q/ z97eg nr z4(vi3wi ocnod m(yc*5j the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r famh0e2 u++cfzc lls through water, it experiences a drae2+0+m fczu chg force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of flui +4qys0x5nspa d through a narrow pipe? That is, if yopa+xq4s5n 0sy u made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are t6zhk8mmew8 i txt-khm;r9 9+zl .ur0 the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the0m xkh6mwzt 9 -h;8r+ri9e mttlz8u .k same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same di0 w nt*luddn6p*hzu,a4rrd19m2eco )ameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoesm9 utz o)ld1nhw4*pn e2r6,rd 0*aucd viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. Th2 ,a,0txcw aizqn1u/dis "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in ter2ni,azx aq, t10wcu d/ms of

  When a tube of diamete.zpip0p* z+hzw2. dv wr d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how 2 +dz.pz*wph0.p iwzv high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they 94-2vhzbklzn can run on top of water without breaking the surface tensi4kln-h 9zv2zb on. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightwsxffs9: te/2 kid x.5keight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big a/t:x fes.dks9x5 i fk2s bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 wf et.h vg05b8bnw/6ucm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its dbubhw/0n gwfe5 .8v6tensity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densiacb(j)5)nekmt(z ef y6(n:ql ty?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and me8 jt wkp/r9d3rnl 47dnasures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum press/7 k48l 9rdptnrn3 djwure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is sta mv,2f,.rtzjr/tj-djvakur vx x;v(a+2 q +: ending on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must s);jiwg-a+sx,v 8rgz a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in ts8 si)a,vgxrj ;zw+-g he ocean?

  A circular window of 30 c y/n-s4 lmv.qhm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force of ml-4.nyq /vhs$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolut n q:smk*y,qit x*/;eosra a7*e pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at. zw.v1 rwp.-uapm 5ygkf*/jd a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The dez.pwu fjap-wgdk/v ..ymr1 *5nsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locati tywdv8nh k4 3rt/ c+7zh6t)dpon 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seaw k cwzrd4ynt3t8/pv6+)h 7h tdater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machinrljyv-ae.35qzwvlm +n:.*y 3y g p. lie. The small piston has arz3er v5:y . mnly gip.v aljw+q3.*yl-ea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston h;- lmxyd:)b jqas a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,00b :-)l;xq jymd0 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is topu dj(-0t(7;mqerihw be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm dia tq7w 0d;(p(jrhm u-iemeter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diamegj d3vknc65iurs e 2v0;qs2o:ter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lif g5q3cnevs;r j 6d2 02v:iuoskt raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 b88rmnsotg:y +,)gt t N in water. What is the buoyant force of the wateo +t: )r,bggtn8tmys8 r?

  An object has a volume of,xomih vac;tg2/4sn* a *cve; $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in walu2i9m 0kyr vsn 0m8y t5oo+q;ter. What is the tension in the string? (The specifistnm2yq v;i58r0 m 9 kouly+0oc gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is y rvdvygxtb *1; r h9g 7k31nqcuh(;/e$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (i; *lsad n5s xgw,(l0zdensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air ck0l/oy .x h-*srh m;mljiws9 + )cir.and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specifi*s9cx sih;ywh ri+./rm kj-mol c)0l .c gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a fxu,aqq 4 i,:n0enbthf,mfl73 m:gm5scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, nf0hq,q al:fm4 ,xn3fumi m5,:n gbte7ot touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg azdzl; s066jh 1lc6m pond density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely flonk4ui( vraxi 9 n.wb30at in water. ix(b.u9air43wvn nk0 What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligixs/um6 8d6n1o2ow (d tms,muxble mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded2dom t(m wuo68mx,s/6nxu sd1 onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The wa2fme6jjtxex)6wz*- 6. z -rzadg 8kc eight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What i-x mxga )8f*-a6jcez6.dze6r2zkj wt s the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of qg5a zw0wd ,+mz g7t9aits volume beneath the surface. What ia5,+7m0 qawdgwzz9tg s the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the sub.q-jx5 zh uk/rface of the water. What is /-hx jkb5uq. zthe buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 k(1et6s2cjucv g stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.0u sc21 6j(tevc3? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Findgmn.s jm/71a1ro 3 5.sov8oa(zd ;bpio;aor e the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm q.-y xjw9sflvu 7f25g diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the f5s9wjq vx7fy-lg2 .uvelocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe ws1qdr4h.r.cpi5m j ;qith a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountaizrm 50jh kxs72 hn:hum 7:b3grn with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m3u7n 7r ::mz2sjmghh 0bx5 hrk above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in tho7bf0ps axjj3,qy+w4 e bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rw3 j4, fqpsba+yj0 7xoate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional axi h :/hohem17z j92lwrea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscos 2nw21qyr2ounb4me//t m;1dme 6y elpity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil throqdnu 2mb/1 emy21lw2t 4ey; /mreo6 npugh a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreas iz cpmdw wrgcyy)v0 .0)wi,99ed the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to )cym,w)v9zc9.0 dy0rwgpwi ibe increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a 319mpe(n i7vqxmk7 copan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water ipmcnmvx e7q71( 3ko9rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water *4, p5t aoahm g9dn.phrise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mmgaon th*hp,ap9 5 dm.4?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a g+xns(9mwz/az4) yn d glass capillary tube with a dias(+awd y/nxgzz)94 n mmeter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed verticazenij+3/r f.slly in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of somerfi/zj3ns+. e soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular fr;afc2 v6p iq hii51xdl-: ;lceame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much forc eifch-5:;1 d ;lqcvi2xal6pie does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and::,q j5yfrrwxna q*+4ih)lvc width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tha fv q,r)*q54lwricj+n::yx ension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?