The three common phases :o*6qod*9kso q3 qpvhh* gf3a of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a de.btq+d1 w tl6hnsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure4. nr.fg8tzb5rs2 5)gu8xyvi r wgc(b?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, a(n*3egq8( sckj sck (snd all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more wagenq kj*k38ccsss((( ter than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressur:wk.at68lrs 6bop 1ojes inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what hap*hw v26zl0ikznd :f,/ ke)x *bwrcg2ypens to the absolute pressure at the b)y *x2/il ,nhf:2zcdkew6vrb 0kzg*wottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath th8d9z:z m9i hqlm a9)ege surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, whlh: 9mg9) z9a8qe zidmat happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principw yfq..k7l0pale.

State Archimedes' pri6m(hza0w c1a* t vjyrutz8 94xnciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what hapy4jz vtme5btl kc0eaw2 ;pv**+8p 4qkpens to the buoyant fo v0b2 4l c4qjp k5w*e*pvam+tyze8; tkrce on it?

  Salt water has greater dp)6irfa* moiv*9 jlc ;ensity than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boijc*l*vm6oa;p r9if) at?

  Salt water is more dens)yguj vydw 5* btpi-p (uc;/l9e than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water isj-wyb9yc/u)i t( gludvp5 p*;

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of me:bs om9 jr4guh sxxok0*ja0:3rcury. Where is the buoyant force o 40 k o9jmu0osa x:gbr*hxjs3:n the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at thxjntyd t3; h7lx xc3fr4d:q9 )e bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which ha ld39x7) 3 :jt4dfc xxhnt;ryqs the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the ir*vs1yxyrdibm0p2,oee 4 ty 63on is removed from the wood, what happens to 6mpytee2 s1o3b*i xy yv40,r dthe water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece ow.:z7zhz5m;8ordb p4tq qgi .f wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch:5 qtrio 7zb hd;w4.qp g.zzm8 the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B isgre hj1+ agmj3 iu1/t: larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water greg/:a j e1tj1 +higumr3ater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pc;a: aubh(sa*ukm7 wrao9m14ipe widens to twice it (19ma7bakh;*a4:rmou suc w as original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe a0u0axj.jjgyl f1 - j(narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narr(l1af xgja00 j.y jj-uower section?

State Bernoulli's prii29j o;a tqps nf-gz /98zp+iqnciple.

  Which one of the following is -( .yew o8lb:yw4monljg;7mj.iueq n1og l-; associated with the law of conservation of energy in flul;o1j4olu-q7-j n;m eybg( i m :g8w.oly.wenids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the flq-fmn8: +h fxxuid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger ja) emn a on9yob :+4x5q-w7dbthan at point A. Wheren9ao+ - byex d4baow7mj:qn5) is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, t+nx ty,teq7(dhe paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resist9e x+z( fvj9 n-+k0b6x rdvhuhance jd vh-bxve (90n9rf xkhu+ z+6on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released s0 cv,c kwmtk ;:c;kar7imultaneously from a tall tower. Which will ream; kc cc,r ak0t7wvk:;ch the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r fallqndwa-:u 29kas through water, it experiences a drag forcdqnawua -9 :k2e $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? Thatqzde*5+ ,sbvv is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities belowz,e+v dvbq5*s , which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameteexhlc:ord8 go s) 7oajl-k7 )6r of pipe A. Water undergoes vi s7:k- j)g)olx6ea ld7co8rho scous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diaigf5 , o r9pxpbd206qvmeter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference acrosso,9f bip26 d 50gvxqpr the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. Thpik jlobjj+nx0824 .eis "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of+l4xpjb 8o .k n2jje0i the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises +)i,kd a z:g3fabx ,rmto a height h. If t fb+,kd a3a )i,xzrgm:he diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as02.5biel nmb a the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is m 0ei.a5l2bbntwice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, suc0x+esuqf/ l,us g8 ,+pi-htpuh as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surfacptue/-q+uf,u hp0lix8+s g s,e tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 28d rmecsc yr:,4 l,nd).00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is y)4ms nrld8e,c :rcd,its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity o-dtj7ln o1,3 gk ky(br:au9z tf 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm xuiz/4 ka fh;qv a8n--t 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exea-fu;/z -han q 8vikt4rt on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is stab,g2w(pq okt8ogckka 0wb .av+9)3 tynding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstahvw :y 6c32dbx ,fdlw2nd at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean?w2xb dc,d2hwv 63l fy:

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in m5d s8 (/mvrxga submarine can withstand a maximum force mm/g5 xr8(ds vof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 k;zx j3/4sht6 1z:qvuedlk ei2Pa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m beloe3e5,pmt xw p4i7u da7w the surface of sea? (The densitetipp 3,wux d7 7m5ae4y of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at7buz p 8bn0sd *5iv4av a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densitab dnv8v54siub7z0 * py of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pisto;v jdlo:)1l vjn of a hydraulic machine. The small pistojvvol d;1jl: )n has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and thuqxn.1u.w as5kb2q ;pe large piston has a radius of 15.pquub1aw5 ;nx2sq .k cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is tm7 0astq00g7 fq,li edo be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a t 7 g s,007fmdaiqle0q5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cmmu3q0jng* :j,)y0(nhlmj ndo, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of lq un*ghy0j3m,nn:m(j0d o j)15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What - 4n(ef a z,gvg.ru5yd 4yxym0is the buoyant force oey5( xy yguz0f-,d. n44 gvramf the water?

  An object has a voluab;nccl. 9qd h 3r56iame of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while su3u0cs:f nw3 ;e0djqw,tx k+c bbmerged in water. What is the tension tu30 ,c03dj:w+ ; weqxnkcbfs in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gof99sm ysgyv :+1xd o7nld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarin)1,kzma, wdtd e (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed i(zt)fg.z o mf9n water. What is the s9ztf. omg ()zfpecific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a x+ 2n4tgffcod i.sa7 820-g piece of copper (spitx g8c2san f .f4o7+decific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and de h 9; 7 q.k;fz vorzoj/u4k2bh,mqei8ks 6n-vdnsity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just; jqokpa6(pd. barely float in jqo .;apk6p d(water. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of ne mwe0k hax5q ((m+ u.k4ypi/ukgligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box / uy 5a xqk ip+e(4wkhmu.0m(kbefore it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the wa oux04 l hkdqko(3a1g8ter. The weigh4xhg8o l0d31 k uoq(akt of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume be .mvvwd +sr0rkzct4 c94xhke/q :bl22 neath the surface. Whazv dt4lc94s2./ kr0+mr :2qxe hbcvwkt is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beelwcbzet9 -0. wj+ 4pxneath the surface of the water.jw l.we0t9c -+xpb4ez What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm tq v:x: xl8,tcthick. What is the minimum area of thvtqt l c:,x8:xe floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/szwm+ 4 tnzb7 hnxgg -c8q020qa. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm dit1qx; qro1s 8fameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity i1q8qorx1 fts; n this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a3d :2dzuhvp9 e64m6,wc skmzzd-j tdpp7 +tg1 pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 30u) f3i) zc7o ,gui0xxh0,gi3uh)z i7cu)0x xf o kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water stow( +hiw xd+ja+a)tb. ixs,qh3rage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate wili3 wj.+q awhasx ) ,thxid++b(l water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of z8o- dm1/txtlcross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to (1 sqkwj19lic1;cq)h;j msk spour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of thms c;k)k ;wcl1( 9j1qhqs sij1e oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall s,4y 5dici2mz of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintai z4s,52 mdciyin a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tu9;l9zuznm .sxbe A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise inzlsu 9 x;.mzn9 tube B?

  The surface tension of water is2gv mw(e3. yp)*pjbla 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tubem)yp3.ve(2 wa bpljg* of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 -zaexh an1h 48 ta2uu7af:o7 adegree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter:-8ut2xanah eo a4177zu afha of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in iapac9k b 90f4the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. Whapfcik90a 49b at happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with6xel:;62f v 9igtwlrku xb*b0;tn m(d a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapyfk;9t2gtix rnmllb * u6bd6(:ewx; v0 water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and wiyqtnzi(z834 sdd.( w lgv08d0v0 bc bjdth 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension z0z(j.0 bd c4(stdiylvg 088 3wvdqbn0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?