Mary (M) sits on the top of the Eastern side of the Grand Canyon. Below 46 -eh5;ggicvqr 9-0ccxarxi her stands Peter (P), at the bottom of the canyon. It is known that the d; 4 eccg c-9 ri-gr0vxa6i5hqxepth of the Grand Canyon is 1850 meters at this point. Nathan (N) stands on the Western side of the bottom of the Canyon, with a distance of 2.5 km to Peter.


1.Write down the depth of the Grand Canyon, MP, in kilometers.MP=  km
2.On the diagram, label the angle of elevation from N to M with an x.
3.Find the size of the angle of elevation from N to M.  $^{\circ}$
4.Find MN, the distance in kilometers between Mary and Nathan.  km

  A ladder 3.7 m long leans against a vertical wat/tx;c*a9itw 2d +nk ell. The distance from the top of the l9awicnke; xt/tt+d* 2adder to the ground is 3.1 m.


1.Represent this information on a diagram in the space provided above. Show the ground, the ladder and the wall as the labelled line segments.
2.Find the distance from the bottom of the ladder to the wall.  m
3.Write down the acute angle made by the ladder with the wall.  $^{\circ}$

  The diagram below shows a triangjvf5r q p9)e*yvqum,7 v;x2sylylx 088tfty+ le ABC. The size of angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{M}}\mathrm{C}$ is $150^{\circ}$, where M is the midpoint of AB. MBC is an isosceles triangle, with MC = MB = 4 cm.

1.Write down the length of AM.  cm
2.Find the size of angle $\textrm{C}\hat{\textrm{M}}\textrm{B}$.  $^{\circ}$
3.Find the size of angle $\textrm{A}\hat{\textrm{B}}\textrm{C}$.  $^{\circ}$
4.Find the length of CB.  cm

  A lawn sprinkler watering a garden sprptm 9 o8u0nx6gays at an arc of $140^{\circ}$ with a maximum spray distance of 3.5 metres, as shown in the diagram below.

1.Calculate the area of lawn that is watered by the sprinkler.  $m^2$
2.Calculate the length of the outer arc, where the maximum spray
distance lands.  m

  In a school playground, the grass is watered by lawn sprinklers that are q mjdj57r:cleab bt3+qb *e)/set to sb )qmjl:b* q+j5rdae /3ecbt7pray at an arc of $220^{\circ}$ with a maximum spray distance of 55 metres, as shown in the diagram below.


1.Calculate the area of grass that is watered by this sprinkler.  $m^2$
2.Calculate the length of the sprinkler arc edge, where the maximum
spray distance lands.  m

  A windscreen wiper blade has a length of 0.45 m. Whu mk0ru /j9w((wuc33 4s drxshen it's raining and the blade is in mo90u4c( d/mwx(h33 sur ws ukjrtion, it moves through an arc angle of $\dfrac {3\pi} 4$ radians.


1.Determine the area of the windscreen wiped by the blade.  $m^2$
2.Determine the arc length travelled by the outer edge of the blade.  m

  There are two traffic lights on a road below a 120 m high f pe bws 4*3j8fbh*-afskyscraper. From the top of the skyscraper, *4w 8f3*pbbae-fs jh fthe traffic lights can be seen at angles of depression of $35^{\circ}$ and $65^{\circ}$ on each side of the skyscraper, as illustrated in the diagram below.


Find the distance between the two traffic lights, correct to the nearest whole metre.  m

  A triangular plot of farming land is shown in the diagram r7eh v0x7cka:1:mbat2,h agzbelow. The longest side is 1201ba0 2x:k7agth7rc v zma,:1eh20 m, with the two adjoining angles to this length being $35^{\circ}$ and $25^{\circ}$.


1.Find the lengths of two other sides of this plot of land.a$\approx$  m,b$\approx$  m
2.Find the area of the plot of farming land.  $m^2$

  A national park is in the form :c8 ope(qghb/of a triangle, ABC, as shown in the following diagram. Side length AB e 8(gq/ohbp:c is 49 km and side length BC is 66 km. Angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$ is $58^{\circ}$.


1.Calculate the side length AC in km.  km
2.Calculate the area of the park.  $km^2$

  John is building furniture using cylindrical logs of length 1.8 m tfs6p v0e7 g16kfr9naand radius 9.2 cm. A wedge is cut from one log and the croskef n6sp107gf6ra tv 9s-section of this log is illustrated in the following diagram.


1.Find the length of the wedge arc, ABC.  cm
2.Find the area of the empty sector, OABC.  $cm^2$
3.Find the volume of each log.  $cm^3$

  A farmer has a field in the form of a triangle, ABC, as sho62*ra rnuy xhbjoyn2bc ( :/2pwn in the following diagram. Side length AB is 150 m and side length BC is nuj2rpcxy(*22 hnb6/:rybao 200 m. Angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$ is $62^{\circ}$.


1.Calculate the side length AC.  m
2.Calculate the area of the field, rounding your answer to the nearest square meter.  $m^2$

  During a hiking trip, Jim stopped and checked his compass for di3 q28umkmyf2n3cy m:krll :-srections. The compass has a circular face with2l3f m:ykl cmry8-3q 2:nsk um centre at O and the diameter of 20 cm. The needle of the compass is at an angle of $\theta$ to the East of North, covering an arc length of $l$, as illustrated in the diagram below.

1.Determine the circumference of the face of the compass.  cm
2.Using the diagram, write down the size of the angle $\theta$ in degrees.  $^{\circ}$
3.Calculate the arc length, $l$.  cm
4.Calculate the total area of the shaded sectors on the diagram.  $cm^2$

  A rotating sprinkler waters part of a lawn, shown as the shaded area in th v /xal fgj-ra5+g6jt2e diagram below. The sprinkler covers a distance of 13m, reaching a maximum distance tjr-jl 5x2fag/6+ a vgof 17m and covering an angle of $130^{circ}$.

1.Calculate the length of the outer arc the sprinkler can reach, the arc from point A to point B.  m
2.Find the area the sprinkler can cover. Give your answer to the nearest square metre.  $m^2$

  A surveillance camera records the avb *umk-m+g zjsozzf5p7 2)e(rea in front of a warehouse, shown as the shaded area in the following diagram. The c* )7fz (jbummk-vzse+o5 2pzgamera's field of view has a radial distance of 15m, reaching a maximum distance of 21m away from the camera, and covering an angle of $150^{\circ}$.




1.Calculate the length of the outer arc the camera can record, the arc from point A to point B.  m
2.Find the area the camera can record.  $m^2$

  Cylindrical logs of length 2.7 m and radius 7.5 cm are used to build a wooden c4dbib6v/k u uqb-m v,4abin. A wedge 44d,bbbqv u6im/vu- k is cut from one log and the cross-section of this log is illustrated in the following diagram.


1.Convert 108 degrees into radians, leaving your answer in exact values.
2.Find the length of the missing arc ABC.  cm
3.Find the area of the missing sector ABCO.  $cm^2$
4.Find the volume of this log.  $cm^3$

  A right pyramid has apex V and s+. b 7b/xcdqyvquare base ABCD. The vertical height of the pyramid, VM, is 5 cm. .xvb 7d+ycq/bThe sloping edges are 8 cm long.


1.Calculate the length of MC.  cm
2.Calculate the size of the angle that sloping edge VC makes with the
vertical height of the pyramid.  $^{\circ}$
3.Calculate the area of the triangle ABC.  $cm^2$

  A right pyramid has apex V and sqb7nwf hid,fk h6:/ z7hgyd04 luare base ABCD with the base diagonal AC=4cm. The slf h7ifdzy0dn4kb, 6lh :g7hw/oping edges are 7 cm long.



1.Calculate the size of the angle that sloping edge VC makes with
the pyramid base.  ${\circ}$
2.Calculate the vertical height of the pyramid, VO.  cm
3.Calculate the volume of the pyramid.  $cm^3$

  Triangle Island is a small island located off the north-western tip of B wtvim9i3* at7*q-0 yiww zyi,ritish Columbia, Canada. Two side lengths of Triangle Island are equal to 1600 and 1800 metiwmtvat 9, 7 w -qywz*0yii*i3res and the angle between these two sides is equal to $78^{\circ}$.

1.Calculate the length of the third side of Triangle island.  m
2.Find the area of a Triangle Island in $m^2$. Give your answer in the form $a\times 10^k$, where $1 \leq a < 10$ and $k \in \mathbb Z$.  $\times10^6m^2$

  The quadrilateral ABCD has side lengths AB =17 cm, BC = 12cm j)fgvwg* .kpx 5-a(de, and CD = 11cm. The size of-adgk5jvx )ef *pg.(w angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{D}}\mathrm{C}$ is $105{\circ}$ and the size of angle $\mathrm{C}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{D}$ is $25^{\circ}$.


1.Find the length of AC in centimetres.  cm
2.Find the size of angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$.  $^{\circ}$

  The diagram below shows quadrilateral ABCD with side lengths of AD = 12 m, DC =c lv.uh4d.rnyw.)0b(jg s w3i 3yr(ui.4 dj 0 ws)nb.wgchvl. 7 m and BC = 5 m. Angle $\mathrm{B}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{D}=50^{\circ}$ and angle $\mathrm{B}\hat{\mathrm{C}}\mathrm{D}=100^{\circ}$.


A new line is drawn from B to D direct.
1.Calculate the length of this new line, BD.  m
2.Calculate the size of angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{D}$.  $^{\circ}$

  Cylindrical logs of length 2.2 m and radius 7.6 cm are u15hon3oh k9mysed to construct a fence line. Part of the logs are removed, as illustrated in the diagram below. yohom19 nk5h3

Find the volume of each log.  $cm^3$

  Consider the analogue clock below. The clo+y.zeqo v tcxi9.zc2p+3c i+fck has a diameter of 30 cm and is shaded between .f2ivci9xec z.q+y3 c + ptoz+1 and 6.


1.Find the length of the arc between 1 and 6, rounded to the nearest cm.  cm
2.Find the area of the sector between 1 and 6, rounded to the nearest
integer.  $cm^2$

  A bakery has designed a box to deliver their speciality birthdamn ko umqs8a,q* c8-v3br,-z ny cakes. The box has a rectangular prism base, with a rectangular pyramid top, as illustrated in the diagram below with dimensions shm8 mv,-c-unz3a8 qr* kbnoq,sown.
After the cake is put into the box, the outside of the box is completely wrapped in colourful gift paper.

Point O shown on the diagram is the midpoint of the base of the pyramid.
1.Find the value of a shown in the diagram; the slant height of one of the pyramid faces.  cm
2.Find the total outer surface area of the box to be wrapped in gift paper.  $cm^2$

  Joe creates a small baseball field in his backyard to play with 8qs/g4bcv3 o (ei7 rgshis children. The field is covered by grass in the shape of a sector of a circle w b3esq gc74(/ri8gsvoith radius 8 metres, as shown in the following diagram. The angle at the centre of the sector is $\theta^{\circ}$


A total of $48 m^2$ of grass was used to cover the field.
1.Find the value of $\theta$.  $^{\circ}$
Joe asks his son, Lancer, to run around the field twice to warm up before playing a game.
1.Find the total distance that Lancer runs.d=  m

  Kindergarten students are creating cone-shapc/2aq yij1a 8fs. im,yed birthday hats from pieces of colorful paper circles. The first step is to cut out a sector of the paper, as illustrated by sector OABC 2aic,yijq ./y18afsm in the diagram below. The paper circles have centre O and . The length of arc ABC is $4\pi$ cm and angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{O}}\mathrm{C}= \dfrac {2\pi} 7$

1.Find the radius of the paper circles, r.  cm
2.Find the area of the sector the students cut out, OABC.  $cm^2$

  A right pyramid has apex V and squar brmmral97: 0zq9z -k ,zjxx(qp ss9e:lvfl:.e base ABCD, with AB = 3 cm. The vertical height of the pyramid9:e(zp90:lmavkqxzj. l s:7q b-ms 9x,z flrr, VM, is 12 cm.


1.Calculate the length of VA.  cm
2.Calculate the volume of the pyramid.  $cm^3$

  The sides of a triangle ABC :ma7fg8o rchhogy )d9)-k8 zohave the following lengths AB = 40 mm, BC = 30 mm, and CA = 5:y fkhhdrz8ca9 )-87go m )ogo5 mm.



1.Calculate the size of the angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$.  $^{\circ}$
2.Calculate the area of the triangle ABC.  $mm^2$
A point D is located outside of the triangle, such that angle $\mathrm{D}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{B}$ is $80^{\circ}$ and angle $\mathrm{D}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{A}$ is $10^{\circ}$.
3.Show that the angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{D}}\mathrm{B}$ is $90^{\circ}$.  $^{\circ}$
4.Find the distances AD and BD.  mm
5.Find the shortest path which starts at point B and passes through all points A, C, D (in any order).  mm

  Two hot air balloons, located at points A and B, float in the sky 50 m apart ft3o(j0:nd kija2 ra/pq8of u,rom eac8 tfo: 3ar/ jud0ka ,2o(nqipjh other on the same height above a flat (horizontal) ground. Two straight ropes, AP and BP, are attached to the same point, P, on the ground. The length of AP is
36m and angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{P}$ is $45^{\circ}$.


1.On the diagram, draw and label with an $\alpha$ the angle of elevation of A Angle APB is acute.
2.Find the size of angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{P}}\mathrm{B}$.  $^{\circ}$
3.Find the size of the angle of elevation of A from P.  $^{\circ}$

  A plot of farmland igj .emn e+d,j58t: 5 j 0nbu:breyeuteya17*ds shown by the shaded region in the diagram below. The plot has a 70udeb5 g1amjy n5bn8:jeee: ud t,ty.+*rje curved border which can be described as an arc, PQ, of a circle with centre O and radius,$r=500m$, such that $PÔQ =80^{\circ}$ The straight border of the farmland is defined by the chord PQ.


The farm owner wishes to construct a fence along the curved border of the plot.
1.Find the length of the fence to be built.  m
2.Find the area of the farmland, rounding your answer to the nearest $m^2$.  $m^2$

  A large triangular garden, ABC, is shown in the diagram belowh:2fm tbfuim+ c3lp(-. A walking path passes through the garden at point D and leaves at point E, such that DE is parallel to the garden boun+mhi :2mltfb (cp-uf 3dary BC.


Triangles ABC and ADE are found to be similar (same shape, but side lengths can vary). Angles $AD̂E = AB̂C =\theta$ and $AÊD = AĈB =\alpha$.
1.Find the value of
1.x.  m
2.y.  m
2.Find the value of
1.$\alpha$.  $^{\circ}$
2.$\theta$  $^{\circ}$
3.$\gamma$  $^{\circ}$
3.Find the area of the triangle ABC, rounding your answer to the nearest $m^2$.  $m^2$

  Two concentric circles with centre O are show + 1;fe;u0p9 h w4ir0ct9gasxw 5wtuepn in the diagram below. The radius of the smaller circle is 5 cm and the radius of the larger circle is 7 cm. Points A and B lie on the circumfwfh9w 5p pasux00wg4tetu+;c r1 i9e;erence of the larger circle such that angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{O}}\mathrm{B}$ is $\frac {\pi}{5}$ radians.


1.Find the length of the short arc AB.  cm
2.Find the area of the shaded region.  $cm^2$

  In a triangle ABC,AB=3 cm,BC=5 cm j p *uq)rjbxfg6:2c;x and $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{C}}\mathrm{B} = \dfrac{\pi}{6}A$.
1.Find, to three significant figures, the two possible lengths of [AC].  cm   cm
2.Find the difference between the areas of the two possible triangles ABC.  $cm^2$

  In a triangle ABC,AB=12 cm an eg0ibr3,cf /cm)q1juejph:8 d AC=15 cm. The area of the triangle is $80cm^2$.
1.Find the two possible values for angle BÂC.  $^{\circ}$,  $^{\circ}$
2.Given that BÂC is obtuse, find the length of side BC.  cm

  A triangle ABC has side le2m+t; a5ufryj 0o1-nu j*jhqs ngths a = 10.2 cm, b= 17.5 cm and an area of $32 cm^2$. Find the largest possible perimeter of triangle ABC.$P{_\Delta ABC}$=  CM

  A toy house has a roof in the shape of a rqk:, .eid tso6ight-angled isosceles triangle, ABC.AB = 6 cm andd:tik, 6.se oq angle $\textrm{A}\hat{\textrm{C}}\textrm{B}=90^{\circ}$.


1.Find the length of AC.  cm
2.Calculate the area of triangle ABC.  $cm^2$
The garage of the toy house also has a roof in the shape of right-angled triangle, LMN. , angle $\textrm{L}\hat{\textrm{M}}\textrm{N}=56^{\circ}$ and angle $\textrm{N}\hat{\textrm{L}}\textrm{M}=90^{\circ}$.
3.Calculate the length of MN.  cm

  From a sailboat moored at sea, the angle of elevation toy0-poeo 4:ixq yn zb2db9ak9g (np9g8 the top of a 20 m high cli 2:-a89( p99zkie bonbyg0xn4dogyqp ff is $22^{\circ}$. On the cliff top there is a coconut tree. The angle of elevation to the coconut tree is $29^{\circ}$.
1.Draw a diagram representing the situation.
2.Find the height of the coconut tree.  m

  The quadrilateral ABCD shown below represents a sp1zefni (,nh 1e+nebp)orts complex, where AB = 210 m, BC = 90n(1h e,1n+efpzb)e ni m and CD = 130 m. Angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$ is $70^{\circ}$ and angle $\mathrm{C}\hat{\mathrm{D}}\mathrm{A} is $105^{\circ}$.


A straight path through the sports complex joins points A and C.
1.Find the length of the path AC.  m
2.Show that the angle $\mathrm{D}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{C}$ is $39.4^{\circ}$ , correct to three significant figures.  $^{\circ}$
3.Find the area of the sports complex.  $m^2$

A new path, DE, is to be built such that E is the point on AC closest to D.

4.Find the length of the path DE.  m

The section of the sports complex represented by triangle CDE will be an outdoor running track. A track will be marked along the sides of this section.

5.Calculate the total length of the track.  m

  The quadrilateral ABCD is shown below, where AB = 56m, AD =12 h) c:w92csal/c7ue) * sbotyl2 m, CD =40 m, and the angleslc7)2oacbe)t9c s*: hyu /lw s $\mathrm{B}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{D}$ and $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{D}}\mathrm{C}$ are $68^{\circ}$ and $80^{\circ}$ respectively.


1.Find the length of line AC.  m
2.Find the area of triangle ACD.  $m^2$
3.Find the angle $\mathrm{D}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{C}$. Give your answer in degrees correct to one
decimal place.  $^{\circ}$
4.Find the shortest distance between point B and the line AC.  m
5.Find the length of the perimeter of triangle ABC.  m

  A flagpole stands at x4k8ixpgqh:e :yj,i h- xys 0.the top of a building. The angle of elevation from a point on the ground 40m from the base of the building to the bottom of the flagpole g :pxx4 sk.xy: iehjq-h8i0,y is $29^{\circ}$, and to the top of the flagpole is $31^{\circ}$.
1.Draw a diagram representing the situation.
2.Find the length of the flagpole.  m

  Consider the triangle belelnz;/ dwbrc*6rr hltz 1qi1br2w 9)9ow, which has side lengths AB = 25 cm and BC = 35 cm. The ad2r6znz b e/ 11r* q9)lcrr9hl wtwbi;ngle adjacent to these side lengths, AB̂C, is $70^{\circ}$.

1.Find the area of the triangle, rounding your answer to the nearest $cm^2$.  $cm^2$
When drawing the triangle, George measured each side length correct the nearest centimetre, and angle AB̂C correct to the nearest degree.
2.Calculate the maximum possible area of the triangle, rounding your answer to the nearest $cm^2$.  $cm^2$

  The angle of depression from a lookout at theld hi1kq+4 m 7g61lrxn top of a lighthouse (A) down to a boat located at point 1dgllq mn7kr+64h ix1 C is $30^{\circ}$.
The boat travels towards the lighthouse and after 1 minute has travelled a distance of 50 m and is now located at point B. The angle of elevation from the boat at B up to the lighthouse lookout is $60^{\circ}$.


1.Write down the value of $x^{\circ}$ in the diagram.  $^{\circ}$
2.Find the height of the lighthouse.  m
3.Find the speed of the boat, in metres per second, from C to B.  $ms^{-1}$

  Melody is camping with her friends inyyy:x0 vj+1ulh :m x4j3u7orp a forest. After setting up the tent, she goes for a74xry:y+hy0 xv1u:p3 julm oj walk to see the nearby surroundings. She walks 200 m on a bearing of $280^{\circ}$, changes direction, then walks another 150 m on a bearing of $035^{\circ}$.
1.Find the distance Melody is from the tent at this point.  m
2.Determine the bearing Melody should walk on to return to the tent.  $^{\circ}$

  On a trip to Morocco, a group of tourists experience a horse trek through the Sbgy 607rt3+y:hawih riic 74/aqv t9naharan desert. They start from a horse farm, moving on a bearing 0ihy6thg: aryv 7/itn qbw 7+4cr93ia of $075^{\circ}$ for 3.2km to reach an oasis. After taking a rest there, they take another ride on a bearing of $210^{\circ}$ for 2.1km to visit the Draa valley.
1.Find the distance that they need to cover to get back to the farm.  km
2.Determine the bearing they should ride on to get back to the farm.  $^{\circ}$

  Consider a triangle with sidesAB=10 mm and n 8k z u8:ln,uqu+:g g34ynlqaAC=8 mm. Given that the area of the triangq4u:ln : au3uy8n8gl+zg,qnk le is $24 mm^2$, find the possible values for the length of side BC.BC$\approx$  mm and  mm

  Daniela (D) stands near the window on the second floor of t6,smmqq;l vqt 0. 2ixqhe six-story apartment building and can see Andrea (;xitvmq0 q6q2q.m l,s A), who is 14 m from the base of the building. The angle of depression from Daniela to Andrea is $20^{\circ}$.


1.Calculate the distance from Daniela to Andrea, AD.  m
Clara (C) is standing at the window of the sixth floor, three times higher from the ground than Daniela.
2.Calculate the angle of depression from C to A.  $^{\circ}$

  A triangular farm is shl3 qbncjn6z4uq9n8 s8r/) oqzown in the diagram below. A river runs along the edge from A to B and the farm house is located at C, a safe distance from the river. The distance from the farm house to po/ rn846nzs )c q83lnoj qz9uqbint A is 270 m and to point B is 360 m. The angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{C}}\mathrm{B}$ is $130^{\circ}$.



1.Calculate the distance along the river from A to B.  m

The cost of fencing is 130130 Australian dollars (AUD) per metre.

2.alculate the total cost of fencing the whole perimeter of the farm, providing your answer to the nearest dollar.  
3.Find the sizes of angels $\mathrm{C}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$.  $^{\circ}$
4.Calculate the area of the farm. Give your answer correct to the nearest whole square metre.  $m^2$
5.Calculate the shortest distance from the farm house to the river.  m

A tower is located at point B. The angle of elevation to the top of the tower, H, from point C is measured to be $1^{\circ}$.

6.Calculate the vertical height, BH, of the tower, correct to the nearest centimetre.  m
7.Calculate the distance between the top of the tower, H, to point A.  m

  In the shaded region shn+ uplb*6vaz)rbw;dyw05 6( aktmebg 4ef;p ;own below, the radius of the smaller arc is 66 cm and the distance between the two a46;pv da*npm;bw e b rgz5b te)6u0k;lfwy +(arcs is 44 cm.

1.Find the perimeter of the shaded region.  cm
2.Find the area of the shaded region.  $cm^2$

  Consider the shape shown b1w *r,ba sns k3otv* t.qs;vf/elow (shaded region). The radius of the longer arc is 12 cm and the distance between the arcs is 3 ckqa3*s1vfw *rbt/.; ssvnt o ,m.


1.Find the perimeter of the shape.  cm
2.Find the area of the shape.  $cm^2$

  ABC is a triangle of area 8i/gd9ou .3 u nzo,sj2r/o ara$32 cm^2$ . The sides AB and BC have lengths 7 cm and 12 cm respectively. Find the two possible lengths of the side AC, giving your answers correct to 3 significant figures.AC$\approx$  cm and   cm

  Paper party cups in the shape of a coneic2ids j hkr,;:4 /b/dwj1qeh are formed from a sector of paper material. The diagram below left shows the finished paper cup. The diagram below right shows the original paper sector used to create the cup. Wh4 hihdjq1/ibr/s;w dc:,2ejk en the cones are formed, the straight edges of the sector join without any overlap.


1.Find the slant height of the cups, L.  cm
2.Find the arc length of the sector.  cm
3.Find the angle $\theta$ in radians.  radians

  BT represents the height of a skyscraper, nv w1-k k(uyu9with its base at B and top at T. Jack has an apartment on the 32nd floor at C, three fifths of tykk 1-uv(nu9w he way to the top of the building.


From a point A, on horizontal ground 200 m from B, the angle of elevation to C is $38^{\circ}$.
1.Calculate BC, the height of Jack's apartment above the ground.  m
2.Calculate the angle of depression from T to A.  $^{\circ}$

  A lawn sprinkler is setup in the corner of a rect7)ttfkpht3 k +angular lawn which is enclosed by a fence. The sprinkler has a maximum spray distance of 5 m. The lawn has side lengths 4 m and 10 m. This situation is illustrated in the diagram below, where the spr+ttkk3p th7f) inkler is positioned in the top right corner.


1.Find the angle $\alpha$ in the diagram, leaving your answer in degrees.$\alpha$=  $^{\circ}$
2.Find the area of grass that is currently being watered by the sprinkler
in this position.  $m^2$

  A motion sensing security light is installed in clf.q*jah ;wch,hr ;p , y33oqthe corner of a front garden. The sensor can detect any movement up to 7 meters. The garden has boundaries of two 12 m long parallel walls, and the house facade and a wooden fence which are 66 m long. This creates to a rectangular area acp,o hf* hh;w;q. lr,33yqacj s shown in the follow diagram, where the motion light is positioned in the top right corner.


1.Find the angle \alphaα in the diagram, leaving your answer in degrees.  $^{\circ}$
2.Find the area of the front garden that is currently being monitored by the motion sensing system.  $m^2$

  Bus-1 and Bus-2 leave a terminal, T, at the same time. Bus-1 travels 65 km on akl: k1 lcn3s(cc5a*b q true bea1ksq(ln:bc5k*l c c 3aring of $140^{\circ}$ to point U, then a further 40 km on a true bearing $235^{\circ}$ to point V. Bus-2 travels directly from the terminal to point V.


1.Find the distance, d, travelled by Bus-2.  km
2.Find the true bearing on which Bus-2 travels.  $^{\circ}$

Bus-1 averages a speed of 55 km/h and Bus-2 averages a speed of 36 km/h

3.Determine which bus arrives at point V first. Justify your answer. ----待选择----Bus-1Bus-2 

  A camping tent in the shape of a cone is constructed from a large circula x)h a;7qj2pt2 /aj .ulmm5kqbrrb z23r sheet of polyester with a sector cut out, as illustrated in the diagram below. The circular polyester sheet has a centre O and 7t 5 mb /khrz)2pq2j 23l;.qaaxbujmr radius rr. The area of sector cut-out, OABC, is $\piπ m^2$ and the length of the arc ABC is $\dfrac {2\pi} 3m$.

1.Determine the slant height of the tent, r.  m
2.Determine the angle of the sector OABC,$\theta$, leaving your answer in radians with exact values.

  The side lengths of a quadrilateral ABCD9kirpn9 sf u5khfcxu d(:o/13 are AB =6 mm, BC =5 mm, CD =8 mm, and DA = 9 mm.5139o su:fp nicu9xd/hrk k (f The angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$ is equal to $90^{\circ}$.


1.Calculate the length of AC.  mm
2.Calculate the size of angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{D}}\mathrm{C}$.  $^{\circ}$
3.Calculate the area of triangle ACD.  $mm^2$
4.Calculate the area of quadrilateral ABCD.  $mm^2$

A point P is chosen on the side CD in a such a way that the area of triangle ACP is equal to the area of the triangle ABC.

5.Calculate the length of CP.  mm
6.Calculate the length of AP.  mm

  A picnic area is shaped like a quadrilgc*qfsn6wg ic(ozor ) kzyx(( 00y+7 lateral, ABCD, where AB = 10 m andCD = 17.5 m. Three of the internal angles have b)or+7x ks (g ig(zcq(znfow00 y*l6cyeen measured; angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{D}}\mathrm{C}=51^{\circ}$, angle $\mathrm{C}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{D}=70^{\circ}$ and angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{C}}\mathrm{B}= 42^{\circ}$. This information is represented in the following diagram.



1.Calculate the distance AC.  m
2.Calculate the angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$.  $^{\circ}$

There is a lamp post at A, perpendicular to the ground. The angle of elevation to the top of the lamp post from B is $32^{\circ}$.

3.Calculate the height of the lamp post.  m

Patrick's family is having a barbecue party on the picnic area. The family brings a 1.5 litre bottle of lemonade and cone-shaped paper cups.
Each cup has a vertical height of 88 cm and the top of the cup has a diameter of 5 cm.

4.Calculate the volume of one paper cup.  $cm^3$
5.Calculate the maximum number of cups that can be completely filled with the 1.5 litre bottle of lemonade.  completely filled cups

  The diagram below shows a triangular backyard ABC. A dog2cua.oj1 ot r3tli 15g is on a leash attached to a pole at point t 1g21 ioaro.3cju5l tA. The length of the leash is 10 metres.

1.Find the area of the backyard that the dog cannot reach.  $m^2$

The owner of the dog estimates that the area the dog cannot reach is $50 m^2$.

2.Calculate the percentage error in the dog owner's estimate.  %

  Two drones are being flii5wq4bm ae;; own in a park. Drone A starts at point P and travels towards point Q in a straight line on a true bearing ofqim;aw 5ibe ;4 $115^{\circ}$ at a speed of $2.5ms^{-1}$. The distance from P to Q is 800m.
Drone B starts at point Q and travels towards point R in a straight line on a true bearing of $215^{\circ}$ at a speed of $7.5ms^{-1}$ .
These two paths are shown on the diagram below.



1.Find the acute angle $\mathrm{P}\hat{\mathrm{Q}}\mathrm{R}$.  $^{\circ}$
2.Find the distance between Drone A and Drone B after 4 minutes, rounding your answer to the nearest metre.  m

  Consider the analogue clock below, which has a circular faym;0av u( b eqzftrqb.0+ c76jce with centre at point O. The minute hand qaetr +6bby c.(f 7 jv00zumq;of the clock, OP, has a length of 12 cm and the hour hand, OQ, has a length of 10 cm.


In Figure:1 the time on the clock is 7:00,pm.
1.For Figure: 1, find
1.the size of the reflex angle,$\mathrm{P}\hat{\mathrm{O}}\mathrm{Q}$. , in degrees.  $^{\circ}$
2.the distance between the ends of the hour and minute hands.  cm

In Figure: 2, the time is now 7:18pm, and as such, the end point of the minute hand has rotated through an angle,$\theta$, covering an arc length of $l$.

2.For figure: 2, find
1.the size of the angle $\theta$ in degrees.  $^{\circ}$
2.the arc length $l$.  cm
3.the area of the shaded sector.  $cm^2$

Another circular analogue clock, shown below, has a face radius of 14 cm, and minute and hour hands of length 14 cm. The current time shown on the clock is 6:00\,pm. The bottom of the clock face is 4cm above the base of the frame holding the clock.


The height, hh, of the end point of the minute hand above the base of the frame is modelled by the function
$h(\theta)=14\cos \theta + 18h$
where $\theta$ is the angle rotated by the minute hand after 6:00pm.

3.Find the value of h when $\theta =170^{\circ}$.  cm

The height, gg, of the end point of the hour hand above the base of the frame is modelled by the function

$g(\theta)=-14 \cos (\frac{\theta}{12}) + 18$

where $\theta$ is the angle rotated by the minute hand after 6:00pm.
The end points of the minute and hour hands have the same height from the base of the frame for the first time when $\theta=k$.

4.Find the value of k.  $^{\circ}$

  An airplane leaves Doha airporoa9 fd oe acj9+))un1gsk5 ov:t bound for Paris Charles de Gaulle airport. There are lights located at the end o v9jc): e5aoondf19ogus +a)k f the runway at points A(0, 4) and B(6, 8), relative to a terminal at the origin. The takeoff path of the airplane is the perpendicular bisector of line AB.

1.Find the equation of the takeoff path in the form $ax + by + d = 0$, where $a, b, d \in \mathbb{Z}$.

The airplane travels at an average speed of $570km\:hr^{-1}$ in a straight line. Once the airplane has reached cruising altitutde, an air traffic controller at the top of a 200m high air traffic control tower at C(7,0) observes that the angle of elevation to the airplane is $40^{\circ}$. Five minutes later, the controller observes that the angle of elevation is $10^{\circ}$.

2.Find the cruising altitude of the airplane in metres.  m

As the airplane is about to land at the Paris Charles de Gaulle airport, the pilot is asked to delay the landing due to a traffic issue. The pilot is instructed to turn the airplane on a bearing of $045^{\circ}$ for 10km until reaching point P, then travel on a bearing of $165^{\circ}$ for 30km to point Q before flying back to the original point O for landing.

3.Find the angle OP̂Q.  $^{\circ}$
4.Find the shortest distance from Q back to O for landing.  km
5.Find the bearing the airplane must travel on to get back to O from Q.  $^{\circ}$

  The temperature in New York ranges from izlniezy0 1v ((vud4 ($-4^{\circ}C$ to $22^{\circ}C$ throughout the course of a year. The temperature, T, can be modelled by the function
$T(t) = -a\cos(bt)+d$,
Where t is time measured in months from the beginning of the year, and a, b and $d \in \mathbb{Z}^{+}$.

1.Show that
1.a=13;
2.b=30;
3.d=9.
2.Sketch the function T(t) for $0 \leq t \leq 12$, clearly labelling the coordinates of the maximum and minimum points.
3.Find the temperature when t=4.  $^{\circ}C$
4. 1.Determine the number of months in a year that the temperature is above $9^{\circ}C$.
2.Find the probability that on a randomly chosen day of the year, the temperature is above $9^{\circ}C$.
5.If the temperature in New York ranged from $-7^{\circ}C$ to $25^{\circ}C$ instead of $-4^{\circ}C$ to $22^{\circ}C$, describe how this would affect the probability found in (d) part (ii).

  A large plot of land ies1z f156n6 wkftwx;,wvnt;b s shaped like a trapezoid, ABCD, where AB is parallel to CD, AB = 12 km and CD =8 km. The diagonal BD of n1 twfzx5n;6 ;b svfw6,tw1e kthe trapezoid is equal to 10 km. The internal angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{D}$ is equal to $58^{\circ}$.

Let a new point, H, be a point on AB closest to D.

1.Calculate the distance from H to D.  km
2.Calculate the length of AD.  km
3.Calculate the size of the angle $\mathrm{D}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{B}$.  $^{\circ}$

A landowner estimates that the length of AD is equal to 11.5 km.

4.Calculate the percentage error in the landowner's estimate.  %

The landowner decides to install cone-shaped concrete bollards along the perimeter of the plot of land. The bollards are to be installed at a distance of 100 m from each other. The radius of the base of each bollard is 20 cm and the height of each bollard is 40 cm.

5.Calculate the volume of one of the bollards.  $cm^3$
6.Calculate the total volume of concrete needed to install all the bollards.  $cm^3$

  The quadrilateral ABCD represents a recreationdv 7. c/twx:zb8 odju:al park, where AB =250 m, BC =110 m andzd ud.o:8xct vwj7: /b CD =130 m. Angle $\mathrm{A}\hat{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{C}$ is $80^{\circ}$ and angle $\mathrm{C}\hat{\mathrm{D}}\mathrm{A}$ is $115^{\circ}$. This information is shown in the following diagram.


A straight path through the park joins the points A and C.

1.Find the length of the path AC.  m
2.Show that the angle $\mathrm{D}\hat{\mathrm{A}}\mathrm{C}$ is $27.5^{\circ}$, correct to three significant figures.  $^{\circ}$
3.Find the total area of the recreational park.  $m^2$

A new path, DE, is to be built such that E is the point on AC closest to D.

4.Find the length of the path DE.  m

The section of the park represented by triangle CDE will be used for a school cross country carnival. A track will be marked along the sides of this section.

5.Calculate the total length of the track CDE.  m

  The diagram below shows a triangular park ABC. Alice is in the park fmy*m*i zrr9m4n* p)gou 8k3 vwith her dog. She stops at the corner B of the park to make a phone call. The dorp m34rou)*iy v m8fn9z**mk gg's leash is 12 metres long.


1.Find the area of the park that the dog cannot reach when attached to its leash.  $m^2$
2.Determine the percentage of total park area that the dog can reach while attached to its leash  %

  On the diagram below, points X and Y are the centres of two circles csnrqf - i)+bcyi*ab)-ontaining the two arcs from A to B. c *q-a)s+f-bi)ynrbi

1.Find the length from point A to point Y.  mm
2.Find the perimeter of the shaded region.  mm
3.Find the area of the shaded region.  $mm^2$