The three common phases oz*3y5 nfvu0u uf matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densityw:0l /ojxwri 8y+-o zf of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not la xyp8aa/*r9 *7wnyna unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. 6511y8 kqskgct uezs7cd nl5( All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glasssyguken5l8 576d1qzs t1c(k c A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures insid9gg.+ oblzog6 e and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to th nifr:igg9:/ ce absolute pressure at the bottoncf: /ir9i gg:m of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface om2yd hgn- x1gb-wf3 : *sley6lf a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, wha6yh*2ms:w 1l3fdxnl-by g ge-t happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princ3c.hw8 vgy ay,ek 1k- fd zo..cm-jpatp9*f,piple.

State Archimedes' principle.prsz 9lj,/k5eu21oq b

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and y3 qo)fef,sa7 4okp ,wdeeper into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant fop,,ow )oafs yf47k q3erce on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A bok shna0/ kw (dghn4690t(z:bvq(pmjlew 69rx at floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyanhw(k vxn0a sz((wh b 0rqmkd6tn: g6/e9l9j4pt force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh watre n,*4avpj*3w*khh ter and ntj3,h4wh *kvpe r*a* salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is- 8v3prj jniu2ay 393hyq-le 425mznkha k/ak the buoyant force on the ball grkh3ly 4zjy3ha/v ijkp925 -rn-k82namqu ea3eater?

  A 10-kg piece of alumwtmgj 2c lb)3,inum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greate 2)3,mbgt ljwcr buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bath3ig ;bk+. fa*ogg1 pqbtub. If the iron is remov*go +;fbp3qg ig .ka1bed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is flstf *u.062l8cru s ckxor5 4lrup6yq7oating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece k t4r6rpy ll q*sx2frucsu o0c.56u78, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a q o gqht0b mkn--.t*4xpipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the wmxo-gb * .-k0qq ntht4ater greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widh 0wocu;7:j osbp3-ucens to twice itu; -j0o hocs3c: uwp7bs original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in aq q0l8,tqk: x. hqu:iz horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radikl8q,t:zihu x 0qq. q:us, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principjhdop/freda3(thku 6n 8jbk)+22j e8le.

  Which one of the following is associated witu g 0xo *vei+2i)6trc+rya wx3h the law of conservation of energy in fluids cvxg r 2ya)r+eto03ixuiw+ 6*?

  As the speed of a movincpkpzz07l)luc .f8d turt 55 / +nl:fig fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pekn7m)z7 lq( cipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is th 7mke7)l(cnq ze water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper cwwa99 *qehflk (y:rz0/+gcw rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls thro a w1 ryk8za(mi145zueugh the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance mawuar 45 z(k1i1 ey8zon him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2Rkyd ky p1jtwu)6g)juzs:216 k , are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground ktk21gwp)6z :y6j suudyjk)1first?

  When a small spherical rock(ifmk4pr;mc4r1ud-jheiv 32 f :aar+ of radius r falls through water, it experiences a dr+r4: mi1vdf ; 2(mreha4 r3cfpj-ikauag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid iym-1mnkgt9+hj x0 /zm pra::through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would caus0i 9phmgj: t/1m xkmzyn:-ar +e the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of -g-;.+.qm.znmxud de vq pq,spipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow ra p s+g.vd,mm -;-qd.nuxe.qzqte in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the sat n a-cw-:j :hucs1db/me diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If thetjn - bdwh:c1aus/-: c flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greas7r1 ,v6c vnysvx;gg-jy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil sprea6gvxygv1r sjc;, 7n-vding out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water /r c4kxp nsgg9t;o0z5;ewe j2, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high je;9no rg2xgwp ; zets4c k0/5would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the wate-.teu5 ,by z:isgg8n xr bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water withoe8:bg5,g xis yu.-znt ut breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as333l 3v4r7 r0fzbszx xg 1o)jjze:lec the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the b3exrz 0 ef1 lz v7:4grboxcjz3l3s) 3jug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm hap-xkb0 25ikauv, i 0es)rvt4us a mass of 30.0 g. What is its density?tu)bvi0ep 5xs 2rv0 ki,-ka4u

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What i-1 qwn 5lplei*s its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the yq*u )yrs;+t5bbu ry4n s o7i/maximum * uby+s; yb t qr7uros5n4y/)ipressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowsh .enj1jj:rqaes1 ye): oes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submariglw*ch+eo 0m gc04e.-z0*bybp/fy f l ne withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oceh0+bc*lfp.m /*wyglg befc40z e- o0yan?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maxhc :d 6vce)pp2ja 3us2imum force )h jdeas3 :uv2pc2c6p of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure lihew/ ,cv.4vavv1 q -if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (Theulm*,o wva)d:h)4 jd)axql6 j density of seawater i6)jaj uv:)h*ao )dm,xwll dq4s $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m bewac)hsu6 8ceaw8m3)9 j3rz ebht5 -eolow the surface of sea? (The density of seawater isj8 au)3 ba9)tr5m3w z6e8ew eho-hc sc $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on thebcqt5en+s3h- d3 l d6ploz 06x small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pistolhq dt 3n- c ozl0x66sbp3+d5en has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and:06pvfzx ggpzsnv2 8( the large piston has a rad:xg82zfn v z(60pgsv pius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a pj s, hu; 47nt-ydd)4gv t)ixj25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish t diu;4vx sd) ptg4-)j,7tnyj hhis?

  The small piston of l1l4wrf x6x9za hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. T1l6lxw4xrz 9 fhe lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. ptv-h.l, ey/ y What is the buoyant force ofyelt.vy/ p -h, the water?

  An object has a volum,z8 e:rju2je je of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron ism ls/9 ql5h3sccs: n,j supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string5cs:s3sjc mh,/q lln9? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of golde:o occ6f dw99 ;*fpwk is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (ey /nvric/xvsx p4:w-2qu4 hk3 zv+, sdensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed indaqpdjy01m 2z,/ ,lg q water. What is the specific gravity of the object?10zjqa ydgd,pq,m l /2

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 4/.sjn fu aqpuqe1-b- 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravsje-4f/qpb qu- na.u1ity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1 *zg f;j :x4zfjalyq+,-90s91 l vaotgtdns h7.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diametg. eevrmzph,:u0 2/lxer 2.0 cm will just barely float in water/ezhrmu plx g2,e: 0.v. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.zvzxu lp5 )j/20 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before itu)/jzxp2vl5 z sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its voluu*4jz(g)ax7lk ;b r:dv +shq qme beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. *qk z7qdau)lvb4 jh;+(: r sxg What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volumejeb xz5amwb /l0 f;,ulg1eu,* beneath the surface. What is the object's denelbla1u,,wz0 f 5e bxgj;/u*m sity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volumekgwo9zxccb/7m 6l3r 1 beneath the surface of th/m3zclwx bgk17co69r e water. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the min(o;kd8 qmsb9v0iz 1qn imum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gr; mo98qvn(zqkd bs1i0avity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at e/yi4l nn 6ub4nae astx 416g:qwi:e9 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 c* lxo ox;2owtybv*,q7m diameter restriction oo7 ,bx2ow** tqv ;yxlin the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a-pfs*t)4qsgwy,i) ,)w j k(zvbm ,yeu pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pumwfa)x8yr. xv/rd he88p to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pumfwve xr/8ahd8.y 8)r xp?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tax/ lau74 s.mwcfw c6zt- cy6l*nk that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what ra.walx c64 fwy7cu6ztlsc* m/-te will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-s h2dub4 ,dq;sxectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it u0gyiqe sv61( 7q z/vvtake to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 c(qsu/zq6g v v07y i1vem above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decrease/o *)s5)8sldeh z szka.w e+atky;y4yd the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart kdyzy/eshykws )5 s;a z.+48* a)t eolhave to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tub/ i1*r f7ag +qpzh+k)/atd ukne A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cakrh *gfz1ak/n 7++dit ) qpu/m in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. vny80 tw e;jl1qyampjg9pnir 9 j0030 How high will water rise in a capillary tube of di9;8q9gwji0plyrvy30n j1aenm t p0 0j ameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube /xjd4bjolfnh)f 1( ,l5gq p(bwith a diameldjj(,)b4hl (xfq/1 gf5pbo nter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water,ser ulxa955irh ./ l)d and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its o9rlxs r iu 5ha.ld)e5/riginal value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular franfemh /e,ay.//u xyhj t5l(2q me of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tensheytl//y/ uqxj n.h(e,5 2afm ion of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is bubbe3me d), wi-lxr (lv)r94apilt in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy )bv pexra-e)w 3 blrm(4l9, diwater has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?