Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of la.s *2ky+hd5v-cb uqya;f x 5night to pcbhaaf2 v; -x*s5n+yd yquk5. roduce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during proknxsf*kf o uy49196 hotosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of l n;0m8effg 6itemperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a mg;8i lfn0e6 fcontrolled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? :r.bxy b .pu1,r,bvno

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the lightv /5vkb63n9 liy (,w2riv)omyvm 2dmv-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptorvvyd 6 o,vnmv(3l)b 52iv9w2myirmk/. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the fove/vmli 4-v0f5rei b,xtu8;jc7g27/wwn tjj llowing structures are foundrif/-; cjnwe7bv i4 t,jjvxmt v5702l8 wg/ue in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at xqw6pr3j)8 tedifferent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect offd)os( ji22fa1- oyjx light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cyc4jvmcz8mpq-, le.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the followiwsa4wfp pc5bw,w8: ,sng correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respiratio4a 8w:wcwssf,bwp,5 pn?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leaves. r- bg2ud y hsan5hnt21zf)/9c

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the lic77npw3g8iz k kf s*k7ght-dependent reactions for phwk87k7 7*i s3gfp cnkzotosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly 4 j6s-4cfbvymdescribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurri3lqe d k)ff9.tng in this light-independent reaction of photosynq).l93kdteff thesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the productio+hxn6 c tgbs*)n of reduced+x n *6cshb)gt NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation o7uc( ma4z-oqw f photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solao4 cq-w7z(mu vent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change onhw y6r+hre-- bwmf/awj- gr:zmsb 7d e22ok -9 the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water ansb-m 7:6hgorwz mb -rr+awjd2--/wk9f2 eyhe d carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavel(kxxorl 855bd engths of light that are absorbx(dk5lx8ro b5ed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are pwq1u)u:7 lr5vts .q 0rf0ufxsroduced in the presence of lig1.)5 qlruw svt:q7 f0xf0rsu uht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid memblgmg4i:m -x3c5 fpd *t:9 gbxfrane in the ligh dc-pb glgf:im5: f 4xx39*gtmt-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that ta*bywa1lo *co,in-x9 -f kjt,bkes place before excited electrons are transferred from pnoobbj,1 i taw*x9, -*-lkyfchotosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the shy)rc-iv5x5 chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylationvrsc- 5)5 xiyh?

  Which products are formed9nmc ib2q1 37vqfq6 sr at the end of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions?3f6srq n1b9 im 7cvq2q

  Thin-layer chromatography can beaqiv3v5lk. ly 2 ;cek/ used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leafl/ayc;v e3klkiq .52v extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a cfre9otu,(.dlwm p w 8;lkr ()mhloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum v9/bw b0uq r2ff35dko for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration a15s ato f4zl9gre enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rateslfwzvjyex 7.)2 cp+ 5lq5np;hv r0pv* of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxp7jn epvp 5l ry+)wfl *0;.qc vh2zvx5ide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in phpceja9ylqqm:7 v fad;l12/+hotosystem II, and what form is it jaq;q+p9 12: lha cyf/lvm7e dfound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipot vk +lk77 + qxly358sncuzk1ip experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the orxu3vl k7ctik8 zks1+lyn57q+ der of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?