Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in to.c (l6 eaq0tche presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen iota e.q ccl60o(ns and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fil 4ifg :9wzlk80vr yzf86g9lbxation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows wx5g9tn+oj a)vf7kj+f:u m;u an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout tnu9j5 mw:+uf )gf7a;+jtx k vohis particular experiment?

  What does X representx4g m/ h.m,mdi?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transferi)rcdk 4yhp46j;hjo*ng6y4ipu ; y4e in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor.j)jgc;h yurp do44*64k i; pyhi4yn6e What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows paeu0 *dqej5q :qrt of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the p:j*qq ued0q5 eart of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of psz i5alitk500wz ).vzhotosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the ratehreok q:rmbz9(9 i2v- of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in thbe5;fis8g5ff8 01 e3fljveqhe Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes plymmr pchq q2;hf0-33m-g 2mkoace in photosynthe-rg2m oh03m;qh2c mq-fpk3 mysis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attracticpi7 4 mepr(jww)tlk a ip2u7,7 fnn7.ve houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactqif6jvb nm* 2* xj0qg3ions for photosynthenjv mf0ig*x23 *j q6qbsis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or resp 2 0xmshqwa1hv7 amk,,iration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-indep,41 zeog al1rb)xvwn+2 u3jydendent reaction of photosynthes 412rlgd,xv)u b 1ywo+3aj nzeis?

  Which structure of the ch 5wmpoh0kykz/ufj+7 : loroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP andpf7 :0kj wuhk +y/5omz ATP?

The diagram shows the se-k.do()x2e id- ffnc kparation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLCx.n2kf d c-(deo)ik-f ) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the ratvao;z iat6+b 6e of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solutvba6+zia6t; oion of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the cr jsr8dh 2:do0o9e6 cworrect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chloro e6co02dh8 dws:r jr9ophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compoucg w (,leen,jik:v3: onds are produced in the presence of lo jk( wl:ev,ec,:gin3ight.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient ay(1) fn;xjfly 5iz7lacross the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynt7ya;f)5n xif z1y ljl(hesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferrxhw,,pr h49h ned from photosystem II to photosystem x,h49hpr,h wnI?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does riwl-8fs qui *x1bulose bisphosphate undergo carboxysx fu-1lw*q8i lation?

  Which products are formed at ix0htd a5e6ag3p p7z+n hbu du(,td:9n bc4*kthe end of the light-dependent and light-independenh bdnpb,da+ 0 z: ua6iud4e37cpt9x5nkth g* (t reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic p b q97y0lyk w+b;(bxsdigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation o ly 9qx wyb7+bs;0k(bdf pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlorc ,0 ,pdah6 fiy:hnh1mae-ym.oplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action sqmyfbm:,p5l izvs5m+k0g ,w0 pectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactio30glh g qwd5yw;-xrl*ns.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experimd hay10 5mvn+lents are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide expe+1l0hn5d ya vmriments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what for;of y8na oeg1:m is it fou ;8n1 oega:yofnd in?

  What were the results obtained fropq0w ruwc0,9ubz+ n,cm the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactin zb,cw0r,9c u qpuw+0ons of photosynthesis?