Which term describes the splitting of water moleculgi:wsmv ( l 3yi1m8.wnes in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ionis.:(m iy8glwwn13v m s and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carsc6-/ggtfr,vvd+2xi -fr *aubon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an exxko*wm :p.r2q5+a0jg; ln fi speriment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthes nfq.2 ;r5w0kx+po:i ajlgm*sis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? f1o l-u; do+:-u0dxtbaf(g jw

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroc5dbw9i ir 3a0plasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-cwa9 i 03ibrd5dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below show6wagya nug 4g 7agf5tm-cz:3.s part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structure gfmgc-agag 63:wuzn74. t5a ys are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows thech*bfew0dp: .2 u+yu 1-wurd c rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate o, 5z2hk)gy) yzwajq +uz 1nm7if photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Cab:i-jx (mxiu73mcd 9z6bqy. nlvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photos7i n56j4 qo t,dktv8cvynthesis and aerobic cell respiration?j4qt7d6 ,5ivnckv t8o

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leaves.j5 -*wbb3cs uw

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependend 0soxz3ve2wp81 h;bu t reactions for photosynthesisw32hevs1u 08d ;zo pxb?

  Which of the following correctly describes p;ack+oxtd-+hfta ; d1wvu( al8 dv)0bhotosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of p r t2*xqb:3ml* hvm(jhhotosynthx* hm:b (3*qjtlm2hvresis?

  Which structure of the chloropla l1quo2eh)fev j3*9hg st is most involved in the production of reduced NADP alhjoe1f ve2 )9h*q u3gnd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of phovvun d7 1*jvi91i.jaftosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatographyuvvdf j7. 11n9vjii* a (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts ofk5j81oyh q46. c 18cmkkcr pct climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweedj p88kt15cykcq4m1co. 6c r hk was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of hbe8a98 nu3s 9l9wdgzwavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflecte adun8g3w lsez b9h989d by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are prol9;-.qpy t1rc a(xyuh.v.qrp duced in the presence of lightuacvp.qr(qptr;-l y 1 x. yh9..
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across thegdd;cbyv4sfu. b)f1abhono/ 6;( ;ze thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of phnc( )ba uvhg/ o.;1s bff;46;eyodb dzotosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons a-a 9s0x;f6)t ahopbzd1kg2qh re transferred from photosystea-px0hts1bzf ; og9d q) ka6h2m II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloro wvlgrct2zptbco /1fw8:- /0wplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylatico czrp/ 8t0tbw gvw/l -1:f2won?

  Which products are formed at the end tfpfhkg1 +aixt6*4 knb bm 76,of the light-dependent and light-independent 7x kn*bkt g6imbf h4,t6 f+1pareactions?

  Thin-layer chromatograx/v li,9u *plephy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way.l *,eix9u lp/v Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastr4(v.+q;k9 rudh,a5 gxgiucn lw bf7m0ucture of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the actizx ppo: uq6eg4i.;*gx on spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are en9 /8oqwa6w m-apup2 dpzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates of pho+ x1k1i5zlocddt 1p0ttosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dt11 pzti1 x5l c+odd0kioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide fvvd 4nl) ,ltag 7g.y -em;.(mqhgk:t in photosystem II, and what form is lfygae. 4mq;d,t :(vg)lv -hmg k7n .tit found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calelj9u ,t0uqk8h9 d4z fvin to determine t0 hf zk84t,u9e9uldjqhe order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?