Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of light,56 hzk dxs7eq to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and,qe65dzhs k7x oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following ist7: m9o ht,vdx5/prga involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temxk +1i+cns0 obperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the folx1cbn i0osk++ lowing is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represen-kbat: grxb rsty8 611ddaq5 6t?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloropla(,s;al ofen*sh95hg jsts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A l;*g(fjohn5eshs,9 ablue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows partjs: g( /fb:ksbdkg du6(+)ggnxn v9u. of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a kdbsg(/:n n(gx)d. :+f9sjggvukb u6chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperaturesvkcj : aqr(nxr q./wq/b2v,(zf) c; yo.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of p.whkq t . *dvyqrs532sk(hssed gp3.6hotosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cycl h ipmqx.0gpav 8q6/-ped.*n ee.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following coi +j ,9 8(vtakrzfe0vorrectly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respirati,ea0 krv i9 fz(o+vj8ton?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red l-; za 9cegappa6ms3+zn6d .2 2oeeybqeaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main sourj u(cmx78:*aq ;oybhjce of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for ph7yo; *xb8(:qmhj a cujotosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynth/hjx4e r1 k*hzesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurri(ewz- t .jyll8/4axhr u+o: ring in this light-independent reaction of photosynt. +j oitlz(ru hx8a/y-rw4le:hesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is qmuq:r 4 94oiavl q4c:most involved in the production of reduced NADP and ATPo u9qiql4c4rmqav ::4?

The diagram shows the separation of photz6.ot 1gtxdf*83m zdqosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in thg 1d8x*3z dtqfo t.z6me solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynqt)bc ;vud) rg:-e*o lthesis, pondweed was ev*g)) dq:c; -otbrl uplaced in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range ofs nkx 0-f*ok pb9b35.x;dcbjp wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for pkcs -dpjfb95k3ox ;0 .xpnbb* hotosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the pre1wlj;;y762k2)obojauz b ip qsence u12opkyqb w2i; )ob 67z;ljjaof light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient ac6d*1 t4xvk+bzkn2z ;:oacwf/ afg- xeross the thylakoid membrane in the light-depende+4:2favgkfbztd/ w xoke-c;nz 1x6a* nt reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited e,ayh5o/h)/zrw 6 nflhm iom().i ava4lectrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosy.)a mz6h/4 )(ayo i lrhv/f,mnihw 5aostem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carbox 8u jgxb1;qk9 ua++deaylatiouaxu+ dbqe g98j ;1ka+n?

  Which products are formed at the end of the lightqd* g70o yy ti.gr.v7t-dependent and light-independent reag7 .tti.yqg y7 0rv*odctions?

  Thin-layer chromatography qg2bbr8 a aa7.can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the gaa 27bq8r .ableaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ul 49fag4/qx ui9bjmg0m myb5w 0trastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photvrgsw b 7h5-i+,2gk/c :5pfkhxhwb1dosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-cataly:4u+2y-xpe-5a wjz n5s sngeased reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predic3khwwy- *3g cul1 jk( grj4kvo+r 1et/t future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an adva ehk*3ryjwl gr1+k3k-c v j(/wog4 tu1ntage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is3(am2o7 f(cjn 1 pix6efrq*up it foxn2 1i(ofe3q mf6c 7ajp( pur*und in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that :igwp;p7,u *bm afp8f enabled Calvin to determine the ordefbp*8;7w a i pp:ufmg,r of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?