Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence j.)j ipaj8z+ rof light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and ox+ajrj) izp j8.ygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation dur9e,-funj g 1dwing photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temperature ony48cgegxg1 k- t -ex cg18ygk4ghe rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? xuyqzz,b l 7 ghn/4ip ;9u7hq(

  The Hill reaction shows vnjq* ksu3c2 02c; f .;cakugb5gq 2gielectron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis5fg2c vunbick;uq0c gs k *ja.gq23 2;. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in2 gq6hgpwv*) q a leaf.Which of the following structures areq pvqw 6gh)2g* found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperaturesg-h pb/:tldm/4fdf 2 q.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of)l.ncnlo;ko.tbwe+yb 7hnaj rx 6./2 photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calviz,o,ybe9ms ( 2n;ellbn cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correcytjns 4f9og ;*7n1mh dtly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aergn7sj*dfo t4yh9n1 ;mobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attra;p+o3d5ee yc qctive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydje9 xq* r3l:imw 3hegb**g8zb rogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesisg**ewl 3jx qh*rbz b3:8g i9em?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynjd m icp5,n5k5 )e wg7rumo;u2thesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is oc03r+rk9g*hc swsr:z w curring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthe3 +0r z:hwgwssc*r9kr sis?

  Which structure of the chloropo558aj-bng h: ng0z 1 mh;owzylast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and ATP1on0bn8 jgh- 5; 5a:mwhzzygo ?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the tg2n(nb1bmys+ 8g+ nayo* lsz1hin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique i8+sbygnman2+no bsl1gz*1y (n the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of t k . cyp j1.l0q)qw58*nngojdclimate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, eapn5j8 kt.jo*w0q1gcd .)ylqn ch containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct ranrt cx9( a v jtl57xu1du5ob7(j;gc iy;ge of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for phu coct;xi5;lbuyd5gax 7r7jt v (9j(1otosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the presenceyq8 3jddch l8qo9w. m/ o9. 8lmyqdw8cd3q/hjof light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane ind)i/ygl/mi 1lc3 t;9y q1 oshy the light-dependent reactions qylyi oh)mi1/c /9;ty1d3gl s of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are trans9x8n2 r 1wfhi4wo1kfwferred from photosystem II to photosystewrkwi8wh419 f2xo n1 fm I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphdjn0 ,awnk()g osphate undergo carboxylation) k na,(nwg0jd?

  Which products are formed at the end of the lighth 6mc )occj bvb8-wsv*(a9ylk0i*a q +-dependent and light-independent r bajwcicy 8 v **)oq60v9(s ablkc-h+meactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate phiva,ckl.5773gqrp d v otosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the sepc7 v, vqk5pd3li.ra7garation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ulu n4c+ond ea0afjrjz:4jq:q36cpz rht 5+e+ 2trastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthes c s ur0j/ ;m:p*mgvnx)v1ke6uis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-cejki3 8 fc qk,zenajo62.-*d fatalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments arex7 v-6eq c*9 bqhpwx6hcvc :q. used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is vxq.hxh69b:qc6-c7qewv p*c an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role ofm p:ziym1,.byo*v qq( carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is*v(qq i,.pmm1yy zo: b it found in?

  What were the result ,+tqgd6:ijpk s obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the orderg6k,tdi+ j:p q of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?