Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence djk kmw096z,gof light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and okdwj6 ,kzm0g9xygen molecules?

  Which of the following is inv+of: yry w0b55j u mt*y/k :zhrh3)hhgolved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below showss0rv/ xk2boi io4r98u an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesi0isk9ivr 482 /xbruoos. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? nmj8-aps 2 )ul0;ti/ ys*inbl

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the lightqpv0 8k6-ou fu s/-wjn-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electro-u68sj0vnw qk pufo /-n acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the(a nn: j;nkx0( jfe3ny following structures are found in the part of a chljnan jn0n3e:xkf(y (; oroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis +rcps)2wt.itat different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on sx*s.zmjd-3mrx64lrv71 jbt the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur pu vs(46eok z0in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis tahx8 )wzntl imr p)-);wkes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respirath8)w;l-rx)pitz wmn ) ion?

Coleus blumei is an attqga-dg9kfo t:1 *f.sd ractive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrfdvets * v7u2(ogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesis?7svv d*(tuef2

  Which of the following co-/:zy -csw h/g wvsz-orrectly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurrin cq6-rnk )rz4zpdr 8)kg in this light-independent reaction of photosynthr-z84pkrdn rz)q 6c)k esis?

  Which structure of the chloroplavh /ckd85 ;exnpld p-2b26aolst is most involved in the production of reduced NADP and ATP2p/o n kl -edal6;2dpc xbv58h?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigmeyu(qe5 *lfh/t nts using the thin-layer chlet f*huq(5y /romatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change onn x5;q;xfaqfgsarsx 2m9 /: p1 the rate of photosynthesis, f x1 qaq fs:rxg;x9smn;5/pa2 pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrrp2.qtko u(*1m ggp(tum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected byg(ptgk r(u1o mq*. p2t chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are pdee: 5y/cz6 .mx hto2xroduced in the presence ofe6o5xx d:ey2. m tcz/h light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in theh.8-j/ b4m e su)yb+bg+ejwn v light-dependent reactions of photosynte jyj sw-bbeuhbmg.4 v++n8)/hesis?

  What is the process that takes plactsm1j c/tkk2 ,e before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photo,t1c s2t jkkm/system I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carba;.zjx-)yevgcx4+26 f u y(edfcj/kr oxylatia(eryc4yc; v xux+/.kd2jfe)-fg 6 jzon?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-depooh 9usyj.u k2n04-hm endent and light-independent reactionsh y hju2o9.so- mkun04?

  Thin-layer chromatography f gbj5t9psgbx-) f) e9can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what )9 )f sej5txfgpb9-gbpigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a ch9oqzj5 n sfr0g*p-0kh)o.j yb loroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrjop8v( d7 lk3gum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed rgzfckwo8wz0ej u7t onr7 )634eactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates of 8z;vjokhq:i;i)9mt4 vf7 wg aphotosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducti 7t)wom:9 g;4jzhqivkf; ai8 vng carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, an-jb o+c6k /jl1oto x8gd what form is itjo-ookl81xt+cj6g b / found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin4r/m2i +6 .fl a 3ciu(0mtdv2cwwsco z to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of pii(6wam lf24+tucvcz.32 oms/rc d0w hotosynthesis?