Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the pr hky /wxo 1o07ivrqk.*esence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen moxk7oq10hwv.o / ki*y rlecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fqpzizy4 y0n2n 4( eh*d8 c6cgpixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment invesv+uqi 4hk+he+ en;x0sm j;p +stigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this pae0 h h+4+sn; m;ujskex+i +qvprticular experiment?

  What does X representw+.rhr6y oud/o8akn3 ?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplastsyc,p1v ;ba 41lcr4q gsko 88ft for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used insteb f8;osc1y8t4 4,rak gvcqp1 lad of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a2pd80cm9m gpw chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast 809 p mgwpdc2mlabelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rat x /ihx:p9e5cp + .muhgf;sw ;fnx(c,fe of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity onw wue mn5nw;d o6;0y:n the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin:4i gn-q0xgm id i*d ;v 40qf2lzyhjv6 cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctle : 9jps4jlhc19c 7ovgy shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respirat ces vjg7j 149loc:ph9ion?

Coleus blumei is an attrayazghr:o m+5.ctive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reaz88xqou xz :+76vml9f4kp o )g ek)ptpctions for photosy8 go8opx+vp:k k4f)7zz )u p9x 6mtlqenthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes p;h: ++n zgre)p,nj+aq zdaaqe +6:r ashotosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this ligh lc/(wsl:zyf q;n68hb.z-im e t-independent reaction of photos8f /n h-s.(qm;zey6zlbi:cw l ynthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved i4xkr:+hpntg tv)m7; ly on6 j5n the production of reduced NADP and 7nxyt6jtr +4:;nklm g 5opvh)ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigmyi)a 1*n)in axents using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvennx i1aaiy)n*)t propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate chtz +n1fcfe,9r,fs0 bxange on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of watfbnf,tex s ,zc9r0 f+1er and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of waveleng/h1l9(a xid uox99:q mi+lg enths of light that are absorbed and reflected bx9lqi9nagiu9hlm 1: e+d/x( o y chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the presenc1.w sb6fm 8wgie mb18s giww 6.fof light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoeg5yb 5-cof w,id membrane in the light-dependent reactions o fwgo-,55c yebf photosynthesis?

  What is the process uv g xrbt4hv8;lor;),d8x3 hzthat takes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosysr, 84hubvxv8 h l zd3xtg);or;tem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose g,qloodf 0t 8*bisphosphate undergo carboxyla*ql o,d otfg80tion?

  Which products are formed at the end of9;zq80c;cay4mzr 1s dlg c;t-*yvmuc the light-dependent and light-independent reac rg9lc0; q*81ct;ycsv-muzdc ; zmay 4tions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigme j*sv 2wartp lff pshshd 3b)w7x*;j,8;cb3 i,nts. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. R7xi8s*,p3bjwh;3fb jl;h2ctr as)v p,w dfs *f values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrasrrff7ri g q64,tructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesis.qh-c/7,r7 ea x x)im)xp4pf(/w da,cg d r)har

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed rea q/h9kggaij-. dx 80ekosw*1dctions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predi;i0zdkf-5)d24akedpg x4hyz mn . w0fct future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of en-f;aim epydnx0.f2zw4 h)dkg5z dk04closed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role,kmemtgp +h;( 6dvia+*ak k4k of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is ipkd*(a;4keik , tm+ +hgv 6mkat found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that ena*j w q52hv9np1mkr1 yfbled Calvin to determine nvqy9k1p r12m5 jfh*wthe order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?