Which term describes themcm0 j d o4;mttd-/3qi splitting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxidc/moqm;0m d3 4 tj-tygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involvd:qn ) *hihvlgsfr ;72ed in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating th )x9 -rzn:p jygc7pj2ve effect of temperature on the rate of photjp2r pgx cz-79: jvny)osynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? igv2breyp/j. jqi w:6 )(m.fp

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer nhgx3y u1 e5i*t2 1gztin isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final i5gt1zg3 2uxn1*y ehtelectron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of thew4 kowy0 wgx.thue,* gnp-6 /i following structures are found in the part of a chloroplasigk w- 0e / 4w.ypuhg*6,nowtxt labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different tempeka 1-0sq 7n3 a4btkbtkratures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of l9 +qhr6te 6/o*jfwboj ight intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cl dqp162 pf7gjycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows wh*oys x(x5+u wk *o 3,.u2hv mztf3zcdvere chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respi*uo35zhv.kz,y2(wu tcdfo 3 mx + xsv*ration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red(pn 1(dral-qj leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactiomo; b 2fx.-n8q7 jx lziie)c6hns for photosynthesisoji.2x -b 8n76xl; qzhfc) mei?

  Which of the following corc*smbui7j7e9 tth) 3/j af .icrectly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent re(tps o(,h;h lgaction of photosynthesisho((ht;l pg s,?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involffp(yw-h3 lfmld9z 1, ved in the production of reduced NAff(zmw hl-plyf1, 93d DP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments usinu gwt z/ 4irqb5,e1vy91f a3nvg the thin-layer chromatograptqya,fwu9z5 e1/g341vnrvib hy (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climatqxrh5(8s 9wn3 d**rkf4 hu3yptfgh6 7sd)lgc e change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution o *r rw9hhy(7ft5k 3ng h uxsl pd3s6d4*q8fc)gf water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct r4ybp n5v a4es4ange of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynv45pyean4s4 b thesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbamyp ;-/xmxkq8j5v2h on compounds are produced in the presence of lih2qa8m;vj/ 5 x-k mxypght.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the -jo h)y pobcq1 x4+6vppyvb +-ho qx pj4o)c61light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferred -78d0b hk tuqw9 z4hdxfrom photosystem II to phowq4uhz8d 0 htdkxb97- tosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo 47j oyx oqvx)9 e i) x+9dyd*sfs;fe/lcarboxylaso; dy) xx)dvi q fsxe+/y7 lfo9e49*jtion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependo( aqif )gi.;hent and light-independent reactions?aii. f(hg;q )o

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photo-2t1qyc2bmecug l9s 9;pdz,ysynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigment;2y9bs c-dz 2p l etmyg,1q9ucs in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the u l0xot204a jgr uqsy 2zgin7p4( 0ki.iltrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action69c)6qoq d fsn spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reacgavvas /9w, : m01ifygw8d.r e1d ero7tions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichmenznl0xf9n,ss1ruk* ;)h dld4jt experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant n hzlr f )s nkjdd9l;,x*1su40growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosyx duq(em5na:14+hwe estem II, and what form is it found inm:uhn edx+45q eawe(1 ?

  What were the results obtained xb5mqe 52xqkrp* n 4p5from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine txern *5m5x 2q4bqp5pkhe order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?