Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the pre- 0qy7oz8n29awad1 od -iui hzsence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ion--azionuzo y2 80qid h9dw71a s and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during ph8v/rk: m-1 2byfvhbis otosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effe68f; iaqpm-q: 8 h4 2/bkk+xzika: wi,trmurfct of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Whiza-64ib fwtuhkq: ;:k a mimp8k/ r ,fi2x+8rqch of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? 0*nbhc:*ev yu8dc 1ym

  The Hill reaction shows electron trs z u:r) p:r-v52gxl qg8vndu6ansfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A bluen s8z6 vvurq:d pgxl5)-r:u2g dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the follow1v 8cio*mm4vning structures are fomo*81 vc4nim vund in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at dif b wm412svaaq4ferent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthj 1pe1dc t3ry7esis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur i0o oppmr1o5 (xn the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where md7ff-x0y d:c chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cel 0cd:dmf f-xy7l respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractij/ 9rzg*hnmg ubb/1mqswhwp -j 7e5ix* ,9on:ve houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of3yf 1(hp*rj, ejpg t (7sh5 xweui6.rt hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photos7h3t51ej fpjgher 6,px.yits uwr( (*ynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis *w bb2oou8zzj n6 .dv8or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reacrtm,v9n8 *afl tion of photosynthesi *al,89rnfvm ts?

  Which structure of the chlo f)dm 5)qqd 7a(3vxkbwroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP qwbd73) v)fq xm(dk a5and ATP?

The diagram shows the separ, tcn ua 2:g.ngbzu*f 6ytg:(jn pss80ation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) tech(2ua: g s* unc:jt0nggztb8s6 .,yfnpnique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosco2q2ue5 qvb8 ynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing uq 2285vbocqe a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of light that0og pf ,)gvvy3s,m7dx avv,3od,mf )gyg 70xs pre absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are producedzryf1)b +9 6aht6g(8qhsvk wt in the presence of light. ytt gws zhf1+86hq6 v)rbak(9
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakorm blrd m9ely7me334/id membrane in the rrel3l9db7m4me my/ 3light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes placy,9ier0owet3m( 5vb o; kk)ase before excited electrons are transferred from photosysyov 03riok 5 wsmtab;e9()ek, tem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose -svp v*/v :efja6nvr+ bisphosphate undergo carboxylati/vfvs*jven-6a pr v:+on?

  Which products are formed at the end of the (bye3woha+k n)pu 56t(m ;zgglight-dependent and light-independent rk(6 +(m 3wpyth5b) ;uznaegogeactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate phoe: v2ood*qnkjnf( 4)ytosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram n2 foko* :j v)e4nqyd(showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure r: uaj.mq1 3b,yn2xxcof a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum f k4b (1,tscz7afarjl:or photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzy ngwnla4. ov7la b+* v/sm:gf,me-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment expe/ ddlcq( f8-i2rt . gog6hnikz91a .umriments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enric1r i gld/ikoc8n..hmtad q 6fz(9u-2ghment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosy3n(*qrp lany .wx l9gd86;/(y idbfznstem II, and what form is it found in l6wf/(z(;xgr3dd ai8.nl* bp9yqn ny?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment th4p*v v r56jiwrusa rs.+*flba/b3e +hat enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosyr+r+6/ u ibshfa.rpbjvl4 vas3 w* *5enthesis?