Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence5wo :h0fmhw:.pdp5 s h8/trwu of light to produce electronhpw5:p5o. hw0/ sw th mrdu8f:s, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the followinwernp8-1i y7n yb 9;lla,l7x xz;3hel g is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an expq i;g:m+yilrf(p -s. beriment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesqr s+f- ;i(ypbg. lmi:is. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? u1otl;v * pya*q j3kp3

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts fo, vezx2 3+ :j x,mzvt vx+5riaohjf3w*r the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natjv+x zvz:5,+em3xif j3 2,wro*at v hxural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of theuqnzi1-.c5ux following structures-nxiuu5c. 1qz are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different tempera-xr2dfcu5 s4 v u.am pzm-2tb45xby )ltures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photoka9 4 kj zuy(2k::tzagsynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Ca9pjv 8fu8vjjopa.: s 6jw,8je)4jt w zlvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following coruf./qd1tu- e xrectly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthe.etu/f -1 udxqsis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplizfj zad5x 4z i(+(.qhzm;dyd 3w)zms :nt ..pant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-depenarqlm(t o6 -wdakg*5* dent reactions for photosynther*qgt*o mkl( ad-wa65sis?

  Which of the following correctly descq6wu 3i9t s+vuribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in vyf97wel 2 jd uy+*z caw8)nm6this light-independent reaction of photosynthesis? dmjw6+n2w )fe9uvy7*ac ly8 z

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of *q-,mxsej1di e2ao c8reduced NADP and ATP?d1, oajqx -c*eiems2 8

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments usinggkpb9l qnr-4f 4dn 5km0 )1ztl the thin-layer chromd 5)l mlzk9n4kg40 b pt1-rqfnatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into t)d.s l*w6fy xqhe impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solutio .yxq* f6lw)dsn of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of li (/1 ymribsd- hnv7q7qght that are absorbed and re-y /d(7qq71nbmvrsih flected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where +(ux vg l+mai.carbon compounds are produced in the presence of lvm+lxgu. i +(aight.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton grad :6c68i8radi:lqci rm ient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-depende:qir:lri66d 8i a8ccmnt reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before v,hg/.fovv+ xexcited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem gh+ f,vovvx. /I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast yj4*snm7m rzla r6kqmc 69)h 6does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxyc9 )7yn *l6zmraskr6qm4 6mjh lation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and ligf3y6jk ; hu9fuht-independent reacti ;uf kh69u3yfjons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. .pa(sa8ul o .7qamr t0yqi*1dBelow is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used .asl8t q0.1y o( d*iaqumra7pto work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastrucdx e4ge8 .yt;wture of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the 05-4z pwe n;6j 0engjst5nd zcaction spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-cataj,a7bygn fvwf+-7u / slysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used0+wbap )q yin 5c5fag. to predict future rates of photosyntheg0 npfa wy iqca)b55+.sis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photo7sm;ylp o 5k7ng0a*geeid9zd3uu0/eo) 2b aq system II, and what form is it fbg sq;o d/l2de7e n3ako5 *zupmy0)0iue9 ag7ound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment tha1zqs.o xq g2 hkiq..n1t enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesix 2 k o.g.zinqhq1s1.qs?