Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the pen5o 8cvo,b,mjr5sc7 resence of light to produce electron,cc85msb75rojneov , s, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation duringk 0fvtt9 fo)w2 photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temblkc pl5/nc/.6-ydb + 9chwhh perature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the fo 9 bcn.lhy -d/lkh/bwh6pc5c+llowing is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? po0 iza+d a5 v/45lvvmj+qk o5

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isygsx5,(11k tj/lhabv -.d hvly )q-yd,qf m p5olated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthh (my/pl1 vy.5k sd f,5tl1y-xjda b,gv)qq- hesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which x.d58 rynluw )of the following structures are found in the part of a chl) y.rwnudx8 5loroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosyg/9p6pzx yuks pms p9c;,g,y65el,l ivdrp0:nthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate .504bfchr kca 8vf ( d:k0ait7qph.hjof photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occz jei vf1bqs 6+;w2a)kur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the followingpm172ej sm 2+ugq bck5 correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynbm22me +7jk5 q 1cugspthesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an att as+:lg) ble1wzy:2ea k+) wbtractive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main sourceij6nos 2w/b ed+ 3zbaad/9h*p of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesisw9p2a 3n+ao zed/6 jd/*sibbh ?

  Which of the following correctly d 7vyhf5ekgeu0cp*d24 g ,v6 od4sds.-hicc0 f escribes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction3cuyx .o o)niz3umd6 hrui(i):.xd x5cvru ;( of photosynthood6h( i33cn z )r 5;(ruu..dyc vmu)x:ixxiuesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast 0,tk 9m v-qr:xqq 6mmsis most involved in the production of reduced N -q9,mqxv:mm 0rs6 tkqADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthed;8k(hb5mo mwr0 7s ft9yvbe ,tic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) hm5wt,m0ofvse ;7bd9kr(by 8 technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the r9vz)3bp4(qsw u-th mrate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed inq vz4()9 mw pt-srhbu3 a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents th iokq5xd997dpl8l)k se correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?8d)kikoq l7pxd s9l95

Photosynthesis is a proceszryqxh,x(zg ,s.vsv/ :e 8rz/ 5m tq-os where carbon compounds are produced in the presence of light. rg5 srxym- o/q,.vsxv8(/qz :h z ,zet
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid memb suhm)a 0-wnq0rane in the light-da0 whs0nmu-q)ependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are - 0fh zydwdl0ch sgw5v7 2c)/atransferred frow-h/ wgzf yd705cvd0csa)2 hl m photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chlg 9*a46q *c zufrihjnp- y4t8boroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylab*u8 r*z4cfa9q4 gp 6jiny h-ttion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and 8j 7 l 5;sz9pcm+ izr(xp4xrdslight-independent reacti+xs5p8dz4(r szp;ic xlr9 7 jmons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic e(u3 p re ;rvqw1vf9e-pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf vav rf9;eeu eqw-13p(vrlues are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructuj; okjscvo 65ql p3:j/re of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrpbb,j0sd/yy g20ow t5fr ,j3aum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed rv 9n r /rrzfwe*a1m.:weactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichmo3crn* rwl 8 khj)u,9tent experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?w9 jr, *lc8r 3)hkuont

  In algae, what is the rolb.qu + (xw.r e+(jlwo6u fc 7b1fpqr6pe of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it elwpj6(+u(. r +rpq6cbuw qxb 1f fo7.found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that e.1rqpk e+lu+af qa5*n .gin3x nabled Calvin to xepu+k5 g1aqn.3l+rqn. f *ia determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?