Which term describes the splitting of water mcvs4i gh f5f h6dg8;jk)in 8*aolecules in the presence of light to producef hv4g)fi*ni c88 g;kj5hds6a electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation dulu sq snsc2g7x-c7 52evw1rh6 )tr 65 1bgvayqring photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment invest,wddfuvk)s( rrs6 y0bcb(l) *igating the effect of temperature on the rat db) 0*ryrv)(,(kbu6 fdcwlsse of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represen1maxx2vy; 4 rft?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated 0s0q 9x6vdzaa chloroplasts for the light-depena6xz9a 0vs q0ddent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph belowj 97ejgrw1zx1 shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast lab1 1xjwe7z gjr9elled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosyio-x1d28 ds ovgn) 8flnthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effectcd+ tc -jk6vc( +:8u/l :/sfnmbnmnq k of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cf)xkp m (v4oq xm6k,0ms7fur5ycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis take) m+/j7ojmx m :;79lpgqsqpttkt d-c: s place in photosyn ;m:m dt+ kx97qptj/osq :cp-g7jlm)tthesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive hohbtqkw;/v*; y useplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ion83n dn9k2yiu is in the light-dependent reactions for photon 9 kinyi32u8dsynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynth6daib)gsvpu-x 4./x y esis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of pi2hbnm 2z(hud( j0 7ljhotosynb n0zj 2humid7((2lhjthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of zmx-cm4w9+i.p itb s(4x,bsk reduced,(i-sm9tk c4xpbs+b iwmx. 4 z NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of;skz:.6 sqhd)h a+cx4a8 y nxg photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the s6xs xzk)ah .hgq;a84c+ nyd:s olvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into 3pu uu/3f -t/hnd ema,the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a sol-3ea3fu/t, /updu nhmution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wxw)rtnd3b 8r: avelengths of light that are absorbed and reflectedw3rx):tdbr8 n by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process whger1e5m z9dd9k 5 /b(hyhhh4 mere carbon compounds are produced in the presence of light h zhh/g9(ky91d545eedhmrm b.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient a*yrafkb)b2)b cross the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependenta))bfb 2krb*y reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are tbslkv7 qw:u 0atpsgntjd /l,p 2dbj;;yu;2) 3ransferred from ph0tls pgy3jdut b ;adjs 2u2/7n)b;kv ;qp:wl,otosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulzpl+o8xr3h g)fo)*tou: ;v(q nq1re aose bisphosphate undergo carboxylatio+o fq)zelx3n rph(1taq)ur 8; :gv*oon?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light4wcpaamn: zmc0)i o w-5gwjzn -6.cf)-dependent and light-independent rn zi5-.-wgja )cwn ocp:wm 60 m4acz)feactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below77 lzeegr fn75vwt,6 w is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out w5z,fnr t 7w7ewe7v6lghat pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of awby6 +heg sa7 rt),8om chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesinzl(l 8 0nnvc,s.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cel(rn , hyj: yuzh/l;9vrlular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experix,w nz2ji rob/z-6(emments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of encze-xr wjnm ob2zi6/ (,losed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosysgy hhdjq:os4 2jj-7d ;zlw; x:tem II, and what form is it fj;dy7h2wo -s: ;hlxqj4jzdg : ound in?

  What were the results obtained from the l2l9 o1fd2)b6 gnpjit x9pfow 3ollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine tp3x9 2 lb wofg1jp2f9)otdi6nhe order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?