Which term describes the splitting of water mo-gt *(3b3 diek hmh,ocro. 5dzlecules in the presence of light td.to, h(k-3d*5h roimbez gc 3o produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixa7*pauw 60zjku edb+1s8m4 lggtion during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experimcemeb6iwse(ht x7im 4/ 9p1+) yling;dr*mm9ent investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping / e1*xw+)he4ml;7g6rnc(s9e i tiip9y mm dbma controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?/wqltx n95b:zckkh:k.wn hx45oid/8

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer )4f*2i5x qpmhpox)u y in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron accept x4 q2yom*fph i)5xu)por. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which, . c+9vwakxysj+u0 soed,ck- of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled Xjo9 ,xkass-,wey . + +dcc0kuv?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different t*s m+kjq 8fscsf822uvyt: 6kiemperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity (8x+ft)ou xqas lpr49on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur iwux;ck a dnfxqr09sev. 3t* 0vqq0e,7n the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takespc.2 y.usz2nr-xvbf 7 place in photosynf b..s-7cr2p2xy znu vthesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housepm1 e+k8 yd1px,amc+nzlant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hy*d+ 0 t vtfpvmi*tu3 cw2t*3uodrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosyn+3 om 3 vutd2*wf vtictu*0tp*thesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis o2u habti avss fm ,g/ n4/,5ytq-,lrx,r respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent rjy(s37grg8cl u- jv 9,hba+s kp:t,eueaction of photosl- a, p7gjh:8kj ubrg3cetu,s 9vs+(yynthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involve1l 7s*k,botg7qwitki ,in d 7kz( ,+eed in the production of reduced NADP an7 b*s7i(g7w,n idez,oqtlke,ti1 + kk d ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of pho x( pv76+zagbctosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer cb(g7 x a6+vzcphromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photos 616 h.xcqfmzjynthesis, pondweed was placed 66jm1qhzf cx. in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum xr;bb2ud .g6*6 1 rl mn(ykizhrepresents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorb ;.izbk(rg 61rlbndmh6ux*2 y ed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produc4wphvf8 hi ov4122(dw. fp6 aqsq2 jneed in the presence oo vi (4q2ajnqd8.6weh42v2 fhf1wspp f light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient acr5zb gz* tkbg8gymj3.i4dze 2 :oss the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthes58 :zk j*.gygg3det zb4m2ibzis?

  What is the process that takes place before excxy cdm k)b2cw;(.5/3tvdfmp uited electrons are transferred from photosystem3ymc kubd/m f px.(w5cv)2t; d II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulsj1tpg )qr)th3n h2pa+ z b1l+ose bisphosphate undergo carboxylath3)hrs n p+ pta gjt2b1+lq)z1ion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-ind*nt th-/3bpwb ependent react b3t- *pbw/hntions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can b8yeb;pond;r; 0h+s9m:q toqpe used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leard; qe : bn;; p9ohsptqmy80+of extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloroplazvh b77 0sluk tj+b /dnke9/x6st.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum fthlv1pjn (0 8kor photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-caz*aro k x4- j +xzenvgw9l5vo06 /)duytalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichmento7hpoyam 737j. rmz,s experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is ansm 73oo 7pz h.7,mryja advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon df(o7 ch )-igiyioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it found )oc yh7-f(gi iin?

  What were the results obtained frox8 ld 517(rbaq v(n75kurjy mzm the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of vb (5rjzdn k778xqu15ma(ylr photosynthesis?