Which term describes the splt ,u4.9 uonqnhitting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrouu. q,h4 ntno9gen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation durfuddd6.m2, kmye 5 xe*ing photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experimexda8*s d;3 (uu qlcek29+ge wjnt investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which o *x j;2d d83qcae leus9(w+gukf the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? g b3rg ,z*u)hf

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isot bvcvybumn 4.4x 3v1. a imj*od6.)uzlated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the fi31v)vuu*4bc46vdbmxao mjy .i n..tz nal electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows par i/1hqx -b5u*dhlw5 3tlqisez;g kh+1t of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are fek/bhq15iz+dhtu 3xs ;i -lqg lwh5*1 ound in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosyn cvlr(2911ccj5daopv thesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of lighteb q:mhjc8g81cmq( 7l intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in gz yl(1vp;3xp the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmo/tfcw):j ayxp8 l* v adm1/ptbc8z/5gsis takes place in photosynty)/: jfpt8c a18cpl mvxz5g db//ta*whesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red*p2n3wzkm a 6k leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the lig 7(t xswgio( t:v-uq:oht-dependent reactions for photosynthesis?gwov(uo-itsx(:7 t q:

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respira(rh 83-6nke)ngzl rj q(a/erxtion?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of p- 8a(rxd bpr0)ekg0 v36+btptvpyi4 nhotosynpi dbxvv00r) 6kt e 8 pb4g+tr3(napy-thesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the product/+;6s x87rlsap b-ynqo /qpyf zfm j28ion of reduced Nqj yz pyqbm2ap-fsx/s 87rf /8l6n+ ;oADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the tjd +hvat3 l0he qpw1 410l/ qoggf)e(qhin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent prll10oq(hghj4 qg/vf ) de+t0pqa w1e3opanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impawk5ef pe bw(ajo;- ,jjpo 8q8,cts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a wf-kjj pewo88,5,je b(o ;pqa number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of waveleno wmja1-zolu55 p/n+qgths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynj- aom l 5pz/wno5+uq1thesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced 46y 8ghk1y1 hzjabyj tnz4 c80in the presence of li6 1ah n8gjc8bt y4yykj 410zhzght.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient apsch5 )+-v sfuwec7nrs 59ay- cross the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent hssc fw9+us5-7c aerpv n5 -y)reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before eqbih+0bttg d9h/wsae):) h z4xcited electrons are transferred from photosyst)w egabbit/+q t4s9 :h )z0dhhem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphat;xqh u-p 4fupm* *rw:ue undergo carboxy- ;xump qhfu4:* *pwrulation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-indepe6;/n rqwz6)bqlmymr9o8 1k z fndennq8lwmzyrof1q;bk6zr m / 69)t reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Bezb 07w+nlu/rv1r gys +he,0 adlow is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out whatszruw +g0d1 hvyn ,+bla7 /r0e pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows thxfjh9ym)w. 5 me ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosyntzld,+j,oculk l u-k+2e+t2h f27sxi q hesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reamul 7yrqa(k;q:h e/m7 ctions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to prediolt0+aoot8acai7+m qka7,b ; ct future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage otaao k;,7 cq tala+807om+iobf enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and wha m:+jncn ou-e d9b)v )x7arhl,t form is it found ineud c)xbh) -+:mj o 9nr,alv7n?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experimena vil5io;e+r-t that enabled Calvin to 5i+ lv air;-eodetermine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?