Which term describes the splitting of water molecules i5( smc.wgubm a6 yx3f5 h-ssm,n the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogesw5.b g (s um5 3h-6mxcmafy,sn ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in cabfl q 3 ta(,utd;he62qrbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of tempiaw133;i7psw t 6jxg)gejhi: erature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a const:3h1;exgi3 jgsiwa pti)67wj ant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? 4+zhenss9vr92gb7,tmd,) o q sflx d*

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfeom /crcs+q .7er in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent qe+co 7r/m.cs reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloropla)0e ml h4hsxbgaf: unjk7:3r8st in a leaf.Which of the following sts: x a)lhku0e:3r7fn4jh 8mgbructures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthhw thtu:cua::.r (a 8zesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity hk9 rgs3d okf)nfi .a7q79w: o zr8cs5on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processesg//hnre: b : gt 0ja0oi47- g3vbpqlsa occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in pho0n u0 pkbkoh8+tosynthesis and aerobic cell respi k+ 0hk80uopbnration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red lenbup0keens4 k r;4p6+ua7u k4 aves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of ucr: 8cs 754hs(ptkauhydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesiss s8uh(7u4 prcact :5k?

  Which of the following correctly describes photos20b6:s f4een1r 2tdlbz m nt-iynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reactio*wlqz*0m/ gn qn is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photosyntheslqmnqg*z 0w */is?

  Which structure of thj1cd2epzd 8x2; bv7f pe chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP andzj 22 cp17fvb;dp xe8d ATP?

The diagram shows the se 35flqcnop 4)rw(d .reparation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvel nwce or(f5r )d.p4q3nt propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into thfgq+,w .*k85 h)kopf8y kdll se impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in fw.g kyhk58l o 8 dq*l,f+psk)a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the co2a 5ppg6kts0 urrect range of wavelengths of light thatt2pks6ua 5g 0p are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carkf 5mvd g;/p(lva,dt*bon compounds are produced in the presence f5tp*am k,gvd(/v l d;of light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in theet/a, 5chyb1d light-dependent ret5 /byad,h ec1actions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes pl;n*g uis 0yrdz. -/ucuace before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II t0uzdun/;ysu.ir*gc - o photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chlorop9w2 r b o7d9b0phmlt6ulast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylatioumr w96b7l bdt2op09h n?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-indepenv re 32vk;c*o:0qvldbiakgj 7m88 yj0 dent reactionsqk3v glv8e082 :* dvock7 rjbjim y;0a?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigmentp,ojtbmthm,9 s 5 :7ass. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this wa,t9t sj7bs5 hmo apm:,y. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlorsizrh14- . cm r(znk3c cpt(j3oplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for phc-k +ucn6k hq5rke /;hotosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and celli7ss* b 1lpg* g*x5w7pddidl:ular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future r)3i(2, -oqdpokxyp /n ok z3lfates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment ,zk ny3p -)f/xdo p3k(o2lqioexperiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide iqnt(5gdg 4h0n n photosystem II, and what form is it found ihqg5n 4(dng0t n?

  What were the results obtained from thef0x42h p 7itje lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determin4p2i0hte fj7x e the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?