Which term describes the splitting of water mpohvg yj 96xcbq4;5, polecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and ox4 9 g xqvphjc;p5yo6,bygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixnw 4(+mrnpg+ xation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of tems67 caxggtujk) )vi p9(*0b xqperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled varia(x7sug )ibx j* 6av)q9ck gp0tble at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?wix ,ek47k/u ;a) th:ekn5djg

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfeff/azlg yk8-6by vl35r in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natura yk8- 5v63/yflazb lgfl final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a c +s9f8duvz+bj r5 :qvr/f (nqt3u;zv chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following bfdvqvr/;(nzs: c9+8q j zr t+f5vu 3ustructures are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis v lb -h1b4q((8 iduwyuat different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effecc 3wxfpybn+:7 hw+jia e6p )n,t of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in th0eu: :w 1t,wij1bl oekx lto;9e Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the followinht 4c k;in6no3,c tx;kg correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cn,6kkthcn i4;o; xct3ell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housepuii4 z2j*d*t-os 3v/h(fs nh(b;dbt slant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the l ezis*0w dcj+ *x.c/5.ihjy fpight-dependent reactions for phoyciw*zsde if +ch*5.0 jjx./ ptosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?05t52y j1oe rwsle; dg

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occulqcjb/7mb14p f b;xwq .i-q;p2c za u3rring in this light-independent reaction of photosyf74q2b3p-q ;lpmc;c azu/qxj .1bibw nthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involvedlq df;orx) le -bf*-)qv92enx in the production of reduced NADP and xb*nlfo2qe ;x) l)9r-vfd q-e ATP?

The diagram shows the separa7, /cg 0y:ztuj 1bphqetion of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent u1/p7tgeqb y0h,j z:c propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate(pbizl1jb.4 /sjdgw;,fw (j b of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbwjfbsp,bz1bi4l (/dj .w;j(gonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum repr+b yc.9mm4n5e r+hfsd esents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed anf+9n+5e d4 myb.h crsmd reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the pre dchwh.8n8fr 8bx c.9usence of liw f89dhccru8x.8h n b.ght.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generatecgh,3r wy3g pr.e2g/8b tbf 1r a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent rg2,yfcer3.8gb g r3bt/ wrh1 peactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes z(/)ccwa) ) s lw6qplcr9+wxqmbx 28t place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II w)/t)x8 w)6cqbsml9p zxr(+c2qacwl to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribz+sb( zph0g5gulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylation b5gs0hzpz (+g?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and2sv1e-k8/c2f x gvi 7mkp 3prc light-independent rea 8pfmesr/23vg-2 ix vcpk7 k1cctions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Belowy tf; 82j0xwvs is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extr2styfwv x 0;8jacts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrycg,p4nvt l8k nq+,6u:g 1rvy astructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrunaj3;mi q ow,xue 1sl d; h2p8xn,qwqy4()lf(m for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellule)q 9w9;qho5 ,bfzgddar respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment 0 elmdn onwn fej7o;(+z710hp experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed gjz0ph1 d;7 ln7woe +n(m oefn0reenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxidebmqn(z c ;(ja* in photosystem II, and what form is it c q(ma;(n* bzjfound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that en1n dbri,n:unt0y+rx , abled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactiox, 1, :r+bnrynui0nt dns of photosynthesis?