Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of lighyy ,)5 x sdhyvs8u;d/st to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen moleculesh vu5d, 8yxd;/yys s)s?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation du*m+ gm*; ty6el 1fmwawring photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect o/gmx- ambo( ayul iw-:jxxz36lj4t.*f temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controx/*jt.uzya3a o mj4l-g-bxx mw (:il6lled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? x1o+v2iw)-qu-( r la *65 adh 5dcia iksqx(tg

  The Hill reaction shkool-t (.t xe,ows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) t .-te(ooklx ,is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a p;a4j +m.h1mn az8ulp leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a a np+81hmajzm .4;plu chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temia/o9gr t5/ b lt8ws9ob;a:c6er9y inperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis*uhm-pj rjg 22.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cg() /pywm.r8ho. x qvwycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shoj .hxq bz,)t4f0n9uk hws where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell 0h.b hq ) ,4k9znxutfjrespiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplantitvrr) 0:n5qe with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in- ;gmbpb0mk1vy+z: wl the light-dependent reactions for photosynth k -l:bm1pmzb +0ygw;vesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or ): /3a )4 zve:xnobmahk; xaafrespiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent red 5 g,:-vuozfpaction of photosyz5p,g-d uv:f onthesis?

  Which structure of tsqswzuf 9e4 29,bbu/ ehe chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduced N4,9qw 2ef /suue bbzs9ADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thinexs + nqh p++zot8o35d-layer chromatography (TLC) techniq qp+t+ zosh+d nx5oe38ue in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photo3yi 0 0gykq0qie;j:hxsynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of wag3i;y h0qy0k: ex0 iqjter and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represir , vfjtn6p.c t;c +5u7f2hcvpvyi;; ents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chloi.fcfvu+hv 6y2np 7t;;c j;rp,v5t cirophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process w faue1pqiux,l4m a-,u 0c8wu6g:6sk- oxv v+ohere carbon compounds are produced in the presence of light. s,8uk -6v,xf o :40upma +ua-oiqvluwec16xg
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to gener3toq/7 (-2llq p5z9 qot) ssyvdafv6mate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-d zl2d s/)yoq9tsv 5tfam6(p- 37voqqlependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takvm9-uqis8dd(f gx8gks+qnrx- e) n2 5es place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to ph9+(nek s-5u8n q2 -8xsqgd gvfrxdi)motosystem I?

  In which structure of thw- h*4fbn7l c go3c0dre chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylabw0ngd* -o lc3r7f4chtion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and liu0 hs2xders 7 )lau.-ight-independent reacs. 2lues xurad7)h-0itions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetirj.7;5kykv z iol/hzio-b+.uy/)+x jy g vy q3c pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separ 3i loq+.ky kzho;y x)75z/.gryjvvu-yij b/+ation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloroplastmy/ o59pwdgo :.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthn t(;7x6xf4aru thk9yesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are e id:b2zlz/q1t9- pz wgnzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used t+kbdvr edtq)84z1 5fbo predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of t4rdzfb+v d q)tbe 5k18he following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role aikufagurq-u 24t(4) rq7d o- of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it ua iuq4 udfa74)tgror- (k2-qfound in?

  What were the results obtained frl-( an7*rnqpprt fx)7 om the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the ligh(7qtr p*np 7 -na)rfxlt-independent reactions of photosynthesis?