Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the pre c( qrtwp1m 8v87 r)y8qmly/brsence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygev l8bmq1 / r(88qr rpc)7mtyywn molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during d:ybz uv;c21g5ztki.photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temperaturrtzr ol ri ;cpi7 ka81qt*d*-0e on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experime-;qltar0ztok*dip8 *r rc7 i1nt?

  What does X represensv 3b5i4d1 wuzt?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer cjd 5uy b47n)fet92sain isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reac n79c)be4uysa tjf25 dtions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the frapmewm8; .jd xa vr,xii+40-ollowing structures are foun rd.iw;mv paxa,48i j+ xem-r0d in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate oi6dsvvs-ks1 9 f photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthes;w ;3k9 of ggmz;sev1rbdnu;3is.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvg)85-xokx 8ukatbl kx2z op0(in cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis cf zi81 b 9xs0c,s0de3op7h( ;zii )gdfem;fdtakes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell rei1 d)eo0h e,f78z;cz;p 9(cdi0 3dmbsffixs gspiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housep-s/ q*eoqyi :tlant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent ml5 jl2 +k0z6skviwffu nxjmvo027v+ 25r8zoreactions for photosynw5 m7o+0 fvrifkxvl0z n2lu2 jsz8v+2m 56jkothesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or u92r): ff 1pjnrkeo5j respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this liu:l s e+cv(4uppdh*ro9a g7+lght-independent reaction of photosyu:hl4+pu cs 7+d v*alp9 (rgoenthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved 81 n+o :cwy a.;hawg b2jbw.atin the production of reduced ; owj ww..a2cb+:agty1ahb8n NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows theb58lteculz0a dmb4h iy ;1p /- separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatog0;1z ucd/m-eal ti4 lpy5 8bhbraphy (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of clima/vp+r((7wksp( w q *f-ffjzlnte change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solj7( +*fq npvswf pl(r-fw/k (zution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the corr vxin6k+zoa.ruko ,.+ect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosyn+zukxo+,a 6ok.r.n vithesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the presencxjdn 9o*6ld. c;; yklde ocod*;l.xd ;d y 9k6lnjf light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membranl utm)f,8+i(gh ga,jq6 fboc:e in the light-+i)8,hj:g buamc(o t, fgqf 6ldependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferred frk 430y 7o l2ue*yq;csrjoch 1mom photosystm0khcq 2j*rs uy7;31 yo4le ocem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphatea(d );erdwg6 c undergo carboxylat)a(g6dcd rw ;eion?

  Which products are formed dtm mo9r z3hkzz 1+1k0at the end of the light-dependent and light-independent reactiok1od3m 1z +09zmzrhkt ns?

  Thin-layer chromatograph -/ergilt.ylz4 *0y(usg-x oxy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf.ro0et(4gygliuz*x -- x/syl extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloroplasxosqh .*-xy60t uj vmwpr0l4,t.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the a ./vf5ivec/x(f .kr6 uwwkl( fction spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reacti aqt6znc5rq,4d6w5x )rxt /df ons.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experimentvp rcmvg ,fm 8 8h/iyqfk7+a(aor:3+as are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the followiacaai:m/ 88f ov( +7m ghqf3,r+vryk png is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem 0elhfhg0.obt1a.b j) II, and what form is it fhh0lfogt )abb. 0e1j.ound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lol mcxge6k y 4oo3ihks10bd):y.eio * a,lipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine th 6mgd.io0 xsky*o4y ,3kbe ac )e:ho1ie order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?