Which term describes the splitting of water molecules iz: (dmhh+w(a/ks+ss xn the presence of light to k(mhx+hsd: zs/s+a(wproduce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is ink lu6)8 bhkd)vvolved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experimy9dx*zdon nl+3yuxu qf86 1u* ent investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled v y ydq6xl*u udnx*83on 9fu+z1ariable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?m+movh.qix 7yuj (es 0 )f/m3u

  The Hill reaction shows ebj/ fjp7*xf2soy s c-9lectron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynbo- pyc/f2j7sfx s*j 9thesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Whiil+ hni g29bf orpe : o.yq(n4(34pwnich of the following structures are found in the part of an3+iwohq:.l42 9yer(n(op i4 ngbp fi chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.u) qir*ujkd; vnppsm7*1b 2q opz1:. q

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect ofw4u-nrnsw1 m z6v oo2 5,lh9vh light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin cy:d4qi4 agwv (p;-fz accle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiumww4ozh (npm;9dk5f pm8 3ma3 oh .x)4k ypx-osmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell m( zhf)x389 ;wmpm mah4.u3pnkp-o5 k4ow xdyrespiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red legeusz(c 9 gdk/i ch8t5w 37fa.aves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hpmko.v4, :lyb ,v+ocbcmvx378 9ym a oydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesi9mv8mb,o,v 7oy+b lo 3pvy.xc 4c m:aks?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosyntuwm6e jw+s-+ mhesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction sr9qyz6gewqy *;9+5nqdq8lpof photosynthesq68;qr9pwslqz9nyy* dgqe+5 is?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of res8v896 si kvvcduced NADP and ATP? i 68v9skcvs8v

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using gseu.1:g;m wwg r5c4bthe thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvenb r;s4 :g gg51eumwwc.t propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climatmaqm3m h1cu0+e change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conicalm hmm10+a3ucq flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correcs7 /w.49 r1jz(jf.vl )0ayk a5 wxgfkaz:vo ewt range of wavelengths of light that are absjsfx ok(aa1 l v9fw)z7z 4v:r.a0gw5jyw/. ek orbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds az 70bm l l+7 iwfzl: v 3oacj.cbe8-3hp1bpa4ore produced in the presence of lig0 ca 4lz8mp+a37vcl fz7ibowop- .j1hbe3 :blht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across t;ws0 k+awhsb ktc,(( khe thylakoid membrane in the w0bs,kckk(ah+w(t s;light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited e31az;cft awh s 72mbm.lectrons are transferred from photosystem II to photo ts. h7zmbfa12c mwa3;system I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulm,x.fiwb42mm zd59 .1oa i.x horz ms8ose bisphosphate undergo carboxy s i b1h2d.xr 4.9amz5im xmzmfoo,8w.lation?

  Which products are formed uj* de*dd9dub) wf4+u )xzj.jat the end of the light-dependent and light-independent rexb)fu uw *e9jd.u4 +z jd)dd*jactions?

  Thin-layer chromatogras95u5h/b0oc p( zofeephy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are pres5 czo5fh/p 0be9so( euent in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloropl o(hr6 8zl4uar gj1 *vk:t5q kboowi.2n4vl p(ast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for p f00rkr.y)-iolmq nwc4b j 1/btj *z5fhotosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed rea)z9+o gww w mv2*eand5ctions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrich9*egnbw(;7d- k cdm jgment experiments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over -7nmjd ew 9g *bgkc(d;free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxiw;d1gq -yz(/fg g7 nlide in photosystem II, and what form is it found-;dilgg (y7wngqz1/f in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Ca,5 ujslf*h.5 hwl/sr e )7a+ na6hmmpslvin to determine the ordjf5sp hlamau m 7rw.e *5sl)s+h,6/nher of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?