Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presenmb*(;ste/mbu jf7f ;hce of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygensu7mb(;fb;/fehm tj* molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixw xlm9646oxgmjw*v+l ation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investjcrv78a+c j 3wigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a contrajj+r8 3ccw7 volled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?tmb4gu 7r df/f)+ u3yh

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer iw p7e+d7 cciq:eaq(q zn+;cu2 n isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichloro+n+q ezpdaiccw (e 27cq:uq;7phenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Whs,w9ohjbd g1k0sg-2y- 5j dlm ich of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast label gs5ljh-2 mo9 1b,g 0-kdsydwjled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperaturesz*x 0 )8yk5sn4ol*ofb9rva bp.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity os r0ri .-nti92y7yv xkn the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin c x) wp;fa,wk;cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place u5uzl(5 wr 9woin photosynthesis and aer5w9l u(o5 zwurobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leaves.eqhqyjfjz):6- yj1 l n6d/tj6

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogehzx.9l 78ny nmn ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosyx7 9m8zlyh.n nnthesis?

  Which of the followinpu;9r d- shn 7xa(v3pcg correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent react1tr 3 +oi3eec5x)- f4wfwd/m(dlczd gion of photosynthesis? tz(ome d4x l -if/rwc5fdgd 3+e31)cw

  Which structure of the chloroplast is mkyd1xnb;q-59hv nv hvk .xf4. ost involved in the production of reduced NA9nv.v; hbxhv 5nkfx14kd y-q. DP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigmentaoudgspn)t+, / h+wal77e1b9 c.n8s0 tna bdms using the thin-layer t7nmth)+8pgu,b c9abdel na+dso .n/1wa s 07 chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change od0/hw h58qh26i i vqktl2y zg-n the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic aci 6d5/8khwi z tvglqh-2h0 iyq2d.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum representsxj o-+v+q.x ys the correct range of wavelengths of light that are -syjx . ov++xqabsorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compou6mnz xic*2a r5nds are produced in the presence 5rz6xm *i2 ancof light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a protow))/+zun c hi/lbun7 cn gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the lightlb7))hc+uci unwz/ n/ -dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons88b4 mqtaxo +x are transferred from photosystem Iqoa+tm48bx8 xI to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast do m,pk 1l9tqadztu6/c c17e/ules ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylzpl/ t7m/ acu61et,d1 9ckqlu ation?

  Which products are f+:jygv vrpxb, ()1ipxormed at the end of the light-dependent and light-independenbg:+pxp) jy, ivrxv1 (t reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigmeeo 29n2. t4(yqtczycfnts. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts9t ny ocy4t z(fq2e.2c.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructung0p79ug :yxe kyi.q) re of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectru6-ysffap:p +e m for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular re(dmx.m) gh56 6eojbe cspiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates of photo 17s(ffz y6kntsynthesis and y fnz6(s1tk f7plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem tpp7jo zsblg/v *fzs;:gc.0, II, and what form is itszol/s gc j,:*b;.pf g7p0tvz found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experimc)xa; s sr mmndl57r+1ent that enabled Calvin to determine the order of t7 rrx+)a15cls msndm; he light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?