Which term describes the splittinbh ycg-lpt37 cik. y ltv;,*)dg of water molecules in the presence of light to produce ethcgv3,d7-.lyi t ;pyc k) b*llectrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation e.k, n.hkzvt5during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below show+bjm+ jyh9,tl s an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthe+jj9ymbhl,t + sis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? 53ewc: zup/pog jg 68k

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for th0cq yas .k6oi ji1..rge light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the fink.06c ijay.ir so.gq 1al electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part e6i )b6,tpwe(y7qw/y uj iu-sof a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures arp6b)e6 u7iys/u - qw(etyw ij,e found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthmhf,yiw(nm(q8 e:j +v esis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesi m:es0hw axlkz w/ 4nmsb0+a;.s.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calviu,- ou1/he o:opc6 wgen cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takeswd5 afu9 9wv.w place in photosyw 5 9vuawf9w.dnthesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red le dbadm6eku lak( 2a5.1a1io7naves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogg1dgs2 x3xd i5 40 0yre rxa-a:+qzaa.*duptfen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesis-0su arx .xda*er tiad1zf +p:gy 5a0q 3g4dx2?

  Which of the following correctly describe93rgnjmva3 ;k ml 2 bu,.b,lmxs photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is rmig)8 m/:hmyzob 8yqw1i0pb/u x3e/ occurring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthesis? iw)b/r:h8 /m31 o8mp/uezqgmi0yb y x

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the id/)z ( (6i02he9sq *dlz rhnch4unbbproduction of reduced NADP andihc(2nqu d)rd(9neih4 h b6zsz b 0/*l ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-l a4xe.hi g)368ia+; rcdh uxeadrlp:* -cee 9vayer chromatography (TL c 3gi9)pexh: 8 her4ad u;xa*d6ve+raecil-.C) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of clima/v kch3sx8zorn (gcc 7a0s n;7te change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solutioho0c7 ar; ck3( v/8sscnnzgx7n of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the corrrp,uv(xal :l5bq 22q px t aapx.dd582ect range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthe t,uq:dlq28p(2b . da xl525rp vxpaxasis?

Photosynthesis is a process where tjwclsf vun8 zj;;i/7:+ )flmcarbon compounds are produced in the presence of light.cwj;vf)tl i/z 7f;njm u 8+ls:
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient acros1mo n xvq;jv96xd6:rw(n j6wxs the thylakoid membrane in the lig;j :wwmx(xxj16nvo96 6vdnqr ht-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferred oc:dv- z7du /vfrom photosystem II to ph7 :d/ dvcvuz-ootosystem I?

  In which structure of the chl s29y *;vwn4otsj:mfq oroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylatiswj *4n;y: 2 fsq9vmtoon?

  Which products are formed at 81n(ex1 61gu7auyqe by/o (we f.mcyrr o0 ct+the end of the light-dependent and light-independent ry1y18u1o +b.w ( qg ox(na6teueem/7f0rcyr ceactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynth;hj6 )-sr orjh wp.;wd(.b sjfetic pigments. Below j6wh;j-(r;d. h)fsjbwps.o ris a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chlory lh:,pg-x c3h.pg*i6-p xyzjoplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesis.eokjza a*1,p-

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed rw tr4z6*mj52 w.7lpo ks*xr vleactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates ofx9/7 t4sa6 +pdh gacdz-ppj lmv7m0;g photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment ea; dcms g+jp9apdh6zv7 m7l t4-gpx /0xperiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and ua 78;,xeny kxwhat form is,k;x anx7yeu 8 it found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin4qrp3:cr6d6 1f n,zcbm 3.iweweyj - l to determine the ordezefcd y j36nb,3ri6 pwce.qm:l-4r1 wr of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?