Which term describes the splitting of water mo;ejd5 3p4u- r1smnl wglecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and;1lrengu wpm-35js4d oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is inva0a n*u dw(n+oolved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of temperature oi43luf z,c, ijdm0(v rn the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method 40(3fzimr j uv i,,ldcof keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? tvken8g y70d5

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for/xuz nvz1ptn l9vu8 uril ,+x4/m,js* the light-dependent re4trl8/l, xv/,u+mvnz jn9usuzxi1p *actions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Whi115lc: dt8bcyqgwm 1gch of the following structures are found in the pbq 15w 1 gtcgml18dy:cart of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of si4lj /rn0io ;photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intenm azl.)0ry+ a/g d/ztcsity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes ghrb0emt.59 s occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes dsfrb+ z h/4iy7(,hbg place in photosynthesis and aerobic,(iy 4b sf7gd z+rhb/h cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red l0l,l-.95o-/ p f)-noom k ktwmpjrgcxeaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen io gg8f0(5:. 3 1z1hqljmrf .dnkgi shxtns in the light-dependent reactions for phosg hz8.ff:mxq 5tl1j 3(rh.d k1 i0gngtosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctlyy8 k49rg 2jdb(ghv0oj describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of dee17rqc n f(ckpk0w 0x :o85vphotosynthr0dve80ck eonp(k517fq wc :xesis?

  Which structure of t2 w-cl/se1j+c prp+xphe chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP ane-spxp/ j1plcr++ w2cd ATP?

The diagram shows the separtlp7urtbd 4gaq /t2(-hy(f g7 ation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in h2g q(tufy4d / pb -7trag7(tlthe solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into t9t(5ltgwy1g1im nyk xi9ny -- he impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number (n y-xg lk -m y91win95ygt1itof sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range / d alax-j:80 *g2b n-ohcpyruof wavelengths of light that are absorbed and jyxb8 /op0g-du *lc rna:-ah2reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the presesem2a nlw1mx7+s -3mt nce of li +13- n2elwsxm7stma mght.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generatesk6 gg9 uwc)a.: tuoj3 a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynus3 uaw):gcgjo6 9k.tthesis?

  What is the process that ,6x/ anzli gpb y:g .2eb,rvn3kfhce5q l+ 20atakes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosys bgnhg5 6y0 b .e,:cn23xrq+fl kzaap ,2vile/tem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribu8e ote ,etbsr:1 is5j8lose bisphosphate undergo carboxylas:,eje1 i8btor 5s 8tetion?

  Which products are formed at the end of therr*:xv)*h wcs q.idhy wt41,z light-dependent and light-independentzw:rd xiv.) ,hq*yc t*rw41s h reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be usemt9,ju9ip p -md to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used top 9 t,miumpj9- work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows+q ys6/ ed:eksimo 8 h11nfti. the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynthesis. z6p np2dq lh.1+a;2 an-cjxbn

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular rv8qq ibvx,ukl r.:x +*espiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiment)k 50s+embjqb af h)z ok6 ql-1j+7mtls are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experimentsqa bjsq 05fe k1hbj+-lmo )+z7t kl6)m over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in phn+0 0iz e pma3wmc+zm2+l5y8nudrd mg/j i 42eotosystem II, and what form is it found2wpnmmylz add3c0j 5ez+0i8i2m+m+ 4 n g/eru in?

  What were the results obta)ielb n:xo evsf q1;60ined from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of photos0)1sxi fev:;6oq nleb ynthesis?