Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of ly 6 umcqm1i-7byy .mmc v5-i*hight to produceym.5i1my m y6 - *7micv-hbuqc electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in ca1b) vqj*+iyf+v cv9 i eikr4w-rbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of tem 4 y5vy709+ gv3*fqo raaghvtrazne,1perature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keezfro4gq*at 3y1ae,5vvr97gn y+ha0 v ping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?0odnn79-s ist2pr. jq

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in iso w80ipch/jo i:lated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron ai jih0w/op8: ccceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in b5wo qdu : 3-s0mab4tzdmm7( ua leaf.Which of the following structures ares4 dtuqmzbod( 03u- 75mam: wb found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the ra7 5 +jnmwt.n 3embu u7vpg:y/r wc0k9cte of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of ph74:4lr(pi) e ;ox wxs vm yeafhis3mogf7*m7 *otosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Canxz8 m,-7 vginlvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following91m+u/gbog4vcqo+ iy3 d5 kv n correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis myou/i+49kv+q 5cgdng 31o bv and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attract;6kbea 8(n: pugnxv w;ive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for ph2uit+ 4edrjo7otosyn +rtje u4d7i2othesis?

  Which of the following correctl5 s6 a69z3pz- has1y;ftko gusy describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of o7y hrr1x2zu3photosynthru oh7r23 1xzyesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduce-i9y nfz;+ie1ru0x :tz5uq9 , ngzbgvd NADP and-z9 y fgruet5gq9+ vn0x1,un ;i zi:bz ATP?

The diagram shows the sepa jdg.2l/6yg1geec 9 yaration of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techn1yj/d acgeg9le 6yg.2 ique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impactsi m,5nq5 dtfm;( vt1mi of climate change on the rate of photosyntheim5tmqi(n5 ,d ;ft mv1sis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of waveleqd 2 .nshfl5z0ngths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynt n.h0sdz lfq25hesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compy/( 6bhwi cxxv8 hu8;,i27ze-op a l. hr1jdayounds are produced in the presence of light.jw ilx,(6b/y88zch . phx a2yor7deu;-vi 1ah
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in -bqgq+f o oq(j6o;sn ;the light-dependeqb jgoq(;6+ o; nfoqs-nt reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electronj6s b3ed c c q.(dh0fr1ybwz6 pqrb9)/s are transferred frojsh.rq3 9eqbb61 /)0zcd wd 6c(bfrypm photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphospl - x3(1lhjofrc:/cvm07rgrhhate undergo carboxylation?xmrl17ccf g h j3r-0( :vor/lh

  Which products are formed at the end of theux 9lm/jzupc7 ;d-p /g light-dependent and light-independent reactions /;g9 dzj7c-pm lxu/up?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to sen1zonsmx89 u,l tyz1u* d .b)uparate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf va1d u1n u,9unzbx)lm syzt.o *8lues are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chaued .r k/nx*0r60 zueloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spec9nj nm/ e7 *(dyffxi3,pwymu xf r)2y5u/lh1utrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-ctj7 x pqs3 zr/e30n qx*/r.gvdatalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment expe. /tovza07ex wriments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, a ot7x/z.e wv0when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what f,dh,juc9e0bv0 ere gq*;b1 tr orm is it g1, c0rd9 uhtj*qe0 br,e;bvefound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvinrno o8zsp)t* :a7ik/ m to determine the order of the light-r*zspo :oa i8n/t)mk7 independent reactions of photosynthesis?