Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in thes to;hdp4 *+0)x r,8s.whfoamn2f caa presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxhd*,sr tm aa2swa)+hxc; fof0no . p48ygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosyntxmj9d lrv,x4 a u(:6-hv i0kwxhesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigat (b q7h,bfq8sding the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of db(78hq, f sbqkeeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent 7re1ht 6(z,vvyl ;sv7o+f nfw?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolatggg bx-ggp 6(z)rq *g9ed chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP 9gqgzg b x)rg-6 gg*p((2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a lez vxz 5jt3,exv,xv5y (af.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplvx 53,5v xz(y, xejtzvast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at diffycm+ gfgg9 zlco3(4*z nt 6q+c,x.riy 0xe)lgerent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity oneq ) do3 2+*3rxi8yoduv*sxw d the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes o. e6z-ujwqf +wdudsa m .l.p-1ccur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemioj9te*vpbz0 s7smosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respiratio 0*j7bztves9pn?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with re+vwv*q:qs e 7xa+ ;hlyd leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of s/mj+x4b)wy w 2bbre 6hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for phr+bs2wx )weybb64m j/otosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration? ;h,- rzmdg)s kxu89x(r0 sufr

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is t ke .n s:-+,rhnz k6pin(s/qfoccurring in this light-independent reaction of photosynthesin+ n:q(i.zh6k/ ftpken- ,ssr s?

  Which structure of the chqd8oxu:d*mjyi - 0n+r p 8k jgnw2,0celoroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NAy,j gxo 8djncqied0 p8 2m-:* wun0+krDP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of phy 3f ia,fmr./zotosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (fzy,r.3 a/ mfiTLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the4fs scp3 q n9yy,x0*ou rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was ponss03, x*yq ucy9fp4laced in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths of d bmkpjcb3jpryp111d5 4 v8;z light that are absorbed and reflectebkj81myv15zb1p 3 4;pjdd prcd by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in wb, mic43lh /hthe presence of i mh/ 4bch,wl3light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generz xmn.2,7hcy0 a3djmbate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the lighchm3d ,nba2 z7.0 mxjyt-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electronm wk-ki6cd9m;c(fm +rs are transferred from photosystem II to photosys(cmc6dkm-rfmw;i +9k tem I?

  In which structure of the chloropdi8-3/tafn xxpr2tf 8last does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxy a3txf d2n /x88pr-tfilation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light- 3ah mzdd*2/wmindependenmwam2 d /zd*3ht reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosyn*by;79d:sjyzxsc n,dt v8l q5thetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present sy* djvdc9znxl bys8 ,q7 ;:5tin the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultra4u5askvq+f 1astructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for phot;g21jbqw1bks u)w rfmf47 gv:osynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalyse k/gqg0is3 2ft*(vxjb d reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are u8.q3;yg7jt px uj9zko8u zjb.n3/ q emsed to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greke73;9nbuqpgoj3mtujzj../yx z q8 8 enhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photos+ e90+f )jvgzjt 5bhmyystem II, and what form is it fh)fjy m tbv5je9+gz0+ ound in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled .9z2dj .z0by knsnm-:svn .vr Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions of.j:yznd0n kr 9b m2zsnsv.-.v photosynthesis?