Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence o1hyl0n, y3vxaf light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygeyh a1y03x,nlvn molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixcuv 738uz3,e.clcn wlation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigat7htim 1ba2 tspkgv1d2w+ 6q,w:5vr2zn r7 tahing the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlledv5 trrg q, vztm sn17 +k7ahh:6wat2b2i1dp2w variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?g; 7vpf /;hs lhz*b5b*r txxy;

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in 5h6 p9 ;a1elwb poays.qg2 ;esisolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A bla w5sy se.;ab 6oeph219;qlpgue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast ea 8e83+rvhyo in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a+eor8e83hv y a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures0/3hgpsq cjv+.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect oa65c 8ti (nca9 sge3bqf light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in th (j8kkyfduj3dpfb819 n z8,jje Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place6mrbd+q 5jq,cjh x/ v /hnkx0- in photosynthesis and aerobic cel/ dhk/,hmq c-0b+qxvj rx65njl respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red leaves. u,,xiocu-0l4d .e ;hhvj4 whm

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source +yw.ws * j:l;ndk+. jcbj)tzx of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosyntdn : )b.scwkw.j* +yxj;zlt+jhesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis ofif)//g8ue4j gn lxb u*(ba-yr respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of+(- +aur8cxnw try5 ll:s1fxo photosynthxo5l r:+8 fs lxwa-y(tcu+r1nesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is mostfz3qtgzd- .,x5 0ksld involved in the production of reduced Nx.d-zz dtlsk0 ,qg5f 3ADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photoskfl/r4b5+qly ynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography ry/kl4bfq+ l5(TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change oj(lqeh/rrr 4(l- v4m 2v6v+cql nz )qcn the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water andehlrm)c2 (cnqlv 6zv/rq( -v ql+j 44r carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengthss 53v(huhnvjv53wzndp j+ v4c)4 kk6d of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophylj4 5dk+d 5vsuh4vw)h(c3vjpnz nk 3v6l for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where car+i+tu,zktps m5 nvw3-bon compounds are produced in the presence o3 ,mt++uinzp- tksw5v f light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid mezj7ma 73ieq4 .kvxaim mr9:b5mbrane in the light-dependent reactions of aexm9vazrq.i 5bkmij73 4: m7photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferred w1sf+m:5p(h r ex(1s6etlqlb from 51(sls6eme bxqt 1r:h fpwl(+photosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of thena 4fl y2y e b(fp//8b 9gkw/y(7hrvbb chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylat elf2fy9 p48 ryhv/bwy( a7kb/ (gn/bbion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-ind0m zrtg/9qe3v ependent reacti9tvqmz3g 0r/e ons?

  Thin-layer chromatograpa j(mqm --uub(hy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the seum-ubq- (j a(mparation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a b f 39vk.5xjoeya*h05gm1bvt9c rb 4ochloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynwy-d2wu 64 0tjcsk m6ithesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzym ;bneu2w a;jlt2fqy61e-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future ra:fo 5) etqkks6tes of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experimentse5q6t )f:o kks (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form iz me/nqp8 4v1vs it found v4 zv1/q8n epmin?

  What were the results obtained from the loep x3+f/ewr68r 54roge7(7 f(ham uxmtnu:zollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to rrof (4rwe /m8mn:exx53uh 7aot7 pzg +6f( uedetermine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?