Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presenc 39rabw1cj e2y uhd:3ke of light to produce electronshu2:aj 3w3kc9berd 1y , hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation d460ypajveea p *3uw,quring photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shopi,c/ttw b 7f2hy8+ kmws an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of,bm pht72y+fwt/ic 8 k keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? bb/nk/d4g. zo

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for th;ahh/0/;(bqx i f: tsdl(m2yxxm b1ale light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A bluelh0fs1bihxa;amxby mqd:(/ tx ;2(l / dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows hf4f p+qerpo9x gz kh;0r.w92 part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are founh.of 2prrw kf pz 4eh0gq9x9+;d in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosyntheggb; 74l h3mwdg ),pchsis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of livnizlhojs/).l+*n ,cj7kqx0tq ,i p 5ght intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calv:b/0 gjo7zpxt-, xjam,9*it )i a wfsyin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following corrr 3 jnkfpc64bqm;. kr+ectly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobkmnr fk3.rc;4bp 6q +jic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with red l(cc1s vhrvz i:5n:dv+eaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ial5nnlty1a* ( z1ql- vons in the light-dependent reactions for photos az 1vll5l*t1a-y q(nnynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or d ub+ (c73abj)st in 6qjsv;3krespiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in osj03; j4kfix4ii8 b ethis light-independent reaction of photosynthje4o j;4 sk8i3f0ix biesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the prodi vc6 +l0vvhv)01i96t sssvwtozz e; 3uction of reduced NADP a3wv)ts iszvv6czh levvo0i0st; +6 19nd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation ony,cn5bi d(2 fp4optb, 3l 3lff photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layerpd3b inlftc( ,43y ln,of 2pb5 chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation intoann:)s45rat m the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a numbera 5nmt:srn 4)a of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelengths ofpx;i6o;efa-fim cr k 3, m07ut light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll fo; i;afmu f6icr -3e,oxpm7tk0 r photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced io82g/y1ac bzul s+ ,boim6c8erv8h: qn the presence of ligyeb/+z8omq8u h2 c6g,as1v8 loic:b rht.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thvicfp7 6;qfs3:n * oyyylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynt q ys6pcyfin7f:3*;v ohesis?

  What is the process that0; i7 ilsf-:ucmu (xbumvo/(, hz0x uj takes place before excited electrons are transferred from photoxc-ju0;siu 7:(,zml oxm( u iv0h bu/fsystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplz2)ads5 j+)mf0 r igbhast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxyl) +fzjh)02g mrd sabi5ation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light-indepen0waxsr f0tr33dent traxr fs0w033 reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatogra 1xgtel c5.qxy5+el0yphy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a dia yl+x5 cy5ee1gx qlt0.gram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows vft r-wd3p8wew1 0kv* the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action/xh1r m paep .iwo594n spectrum for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration arefiqan 7wbvl 5 e.86ughpi7(0 f enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future ratesj1tcc 60tfr y+ of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) 16+crctjf t0yexperiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the roleo eu dgtq.q*;gq:)hgj; 1pkq9 of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it found in1qu.: q9htgpgeo ;jgdqq *; )k?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Cavy5v.bw /d)ny5y(hx+ ,wwr sxlvin to determine the order of yv yb) /5hn,s(d w+.xrw5xwyv the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?