Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in thexvj sn s(,esj c87+4ou presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxyscs+jo784e x (n uv,jsgen molecules?

  Which of the following is invol,p*kxc l5 uvq*n m,kz sseg).6ved in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment invesd)ij7tu e + 5k.(fcd0f/ncz 2r wnn.ottigating the effect of temperature on d .5)tk+0n z.( /e 2jrciu nnocftdwf7the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? clv 0i- fw a)( 3c/(/rkucnlfh

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the ligh.(2 xjha+ulm3 tsnt+n t-dependent reactiontj3+h maunt(s2x .nl+s of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of 5a5xp jn 5stfqcbnj2hz65/jm :,o0qu a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are j5ht0 cq : mf5aojbn 5jnzx2 5spu,q/6found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynty)k17j h:( ( qqpbxanyhesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light inten9mgk1n ,cn*tesity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes s5w:, vpib-xjoccur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly show: mh +t/lwkhi6s where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis /l :itmhhwk+6 and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an att lkv(,. tdbdwzew*f4l;:ge y (ractive houseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen iond) 4k iauo-,puyhet4 4s in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthe)d 4y,hi4 eatpu4ko-usis?

  Which of the following correctly describe 43;h/mk o)b4yi nv)snh2-qdz/dd.pn/zys mis photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in -g3oc 8-sebnsg.5:kjb i5av vthis light-independent reaction of photosynthesis? g.8vn5a:v- 5s3kg ibobe-s c j

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the production ply3x 3iv;9n hof reduced N9lp3 xivn;yh 3ADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-lar *mtsy6g;iic yf ;6f(yer chromatography ( cgiyrf6* mt(6yi;sf ;TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into thejq5dr*fv t9-:uwy, dr impacts of climate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a numb jyfdr vr:t-,wu9 *5qder of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wa jf8 uzlikzdrik5c: +w. 1/)slvelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlol.k1fi k )zws: +ucj/rl58 zdirophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carboim q3d hz;;na.n compounds are produced in the presence of light. ; hzn3 m;ad.iq
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a protos4mg6 lt5fog3f 3mlhkv(7/o on gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the light-dependent reactionslfg4lt m3s3o5h6oko ( gmfv/7 of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takfy1k v 5ykpu+c -14pexes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosystem f x-kp11c+yuy p5 e4vkI?

  In which structure of the chlor(eu hxhdq lsj:,l.n; :oplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylationh(;shuxl, en jl d::.q?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and light0u-o7 ,khu fp/vp3frw-independent r/ ,o-h7r uf f0uvwpp3keactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be u3xgyo 15cslju9 d(bc-sed to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pig9g5c(3d1y bxjou-sc lments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a c,v tm -n+-h9 ohzm0sdyhloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosyntojtt)u*/k14 ayzegq,0ig1 cn i4z x (xhesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration r/ bwl+he9y7 +dpvinaw(.9e m +,opexare enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to ; pnry1gws piiv.- 1yh;w3n mw*n4j7 zpredict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon diox nvhyp7;;jnm zg-w1 r1.wnyi p4iw*3side experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and whaab7eg30 nrs3w vpbt28t form is i3eg7s82p 0b tvwarnb3t found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled qmh) 21mpdrjjy;c-:wxb 2o5 uCalvin to dete y2hm5wd :mjjc1rbu2 qp-)o;xrmine the order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?