Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presepe., g a6dhmqhjv23x2nce of light to produce electrons, ha.h 3x m6 ,je2vp2dgqhydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesi 3mfjpu*(4uvp,k gi6js?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of tes(0 u4wy5jvvn mperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant y( 5vvj4 n0uswvalue throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representtx6j2w/uv4z, hw- ahe;. jawk?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer x: psw goq7bx4( 2pnli)j ve62in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependenl 2es6p2o gin):7vqxxwpj(4bt reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Whichm) 9 l.(tntuto of the following structures are found in the partttno tmu)9l( . of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at diffefdds9uy894 w prent temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of lightyqn xs1; 0uj85g*e7d+j rufyz intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur ivm kxz5as1 f/-n the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photo) i6 jill-a:wzsynthesis and aerobic cell respirw:zail)i-6 jl ation?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant witwmn37q dxyx,k;o+y31z) oqujx,q 1/,kzjm wzh red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-depe30zprsz w,d3gvdp;-q(6jghlxd; fo 5 ndent reactions for photosypqd s, v jdg;- l3wh0(pf dzgz;35r6xonthesis?

  Which of the following correct+ nsdv. r, ig.o,jm,cqly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-indepeqfp)t s0xr p++ndent reaction of photosynthes+p+tr fxps )0qis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involz. .x w+l cfu:dc.zxct sye*-,ved in the production of reduced NADP and ATP?u tsyz..z *c-l+ f:cdcxx ,.we

The diagram shows the separation of photoc2u15pfpvl3(wb j)a (kavo4,au1b,hzs u b u (synthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techp( acl bo,hzuks vau1,w35j((bu 4 2f)ap u1vbnique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photos q5fdf+ ez3 i1gxah1 4q/def-wynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of 15d1ag4fxd qze3 hwqfi- +e/fsealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavelength4q, ix 9oei8dgs of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll o9egi8,qx4 idfor photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are.sjcl67ga.2 kv ) ankc produced in the presence of llac. avknkg)c 7sj62.ight.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generateb9d 03in;qvrvavv ,3i a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in the lig3in9a r vvvi ,3v;0qbdht-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process t0t*qdq559u qq5syj 0oboj(n what takes place before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to photosyswtnsq 0 j 5*90uoo5byqdq5j q(tem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carbo*p5j cwa1ts ,jxylattc*sa5j , wj1pion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-n 3 :x2g88+,vvet xfmtbvl 8wtoz ,jb;dependent and light-independent reactio etfgt: 8 j,l vw+2vvmtn;88xbxz3,bons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Bela7*hqq64 p suzow is a diagram showing tz*pau qs6q7h4 he separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ucr8hst96 5fz;;b0 u*di tbhoi26khln ltrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum1ijgp*ca -i7k0( yw1ufjh yp, for photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-caulbwb dnnr+o75 9h x;lpr4s.,talysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment expew;u dk)rm hgp89u:rr.riments are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when cu8r:krhgm w 9;d)pr.u onducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem IItza :-*nxi1lvv-bys.1q 9fwygn4 *ai , and what form is it found in 1f*lqaw.vg9b-vi:- t inyx* ys 4na1z?

  What were the results obtained fromof3 0afk0vfmi )8ilm3 ro30db the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine t 0d kmf)m3o0 ilorvfbf3i8a 30he order of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?