Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in t aoqyz.38kx+jnn 6 b1phe presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and 8 6p+j1.naoxz kb3nqyoxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon i0-i39.pucut,w 6gc o8inwhli u4pk 9 fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating th2.tvj1fjy gtfv5 )rgs +g;- e3qvc8oq e effect of temperature on the rate of photovct2qs gjt5-+y.8qfgjfeg v3 ;o1v r)synthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represen+o: siz-ik mk/t?

  The Hill reaction shows electr,2yoyakpj h034 r-,vimn0 6rwat-b d won transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is thevw,-,phy -at 2jkr0w4b3oi0 d 6n mary final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a c r 4-9;ngewz +neyh7qnhloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part oynnr; weeqz g-9n7 h4+f a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of q6mh,r +w)tdr photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intens1tg3rlo e0d; *68 h.bze cedsb4ne0zl ity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in t;r(.j4x :hwa z5iw2k q 6lalayhe Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chej.m l1zbkeg8 )miosmosis takes place in photosyntmjk.e8l ) zbg1hesis and aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houszkxe7,5qs*hcxxo9.,gmw 0lkf jz)g2 eplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main sourc(d*g/ ,voeu z1 x:x-tkcjx7jce of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthesise,k tx o(*-z/ cxg1uvx 7j:djc?

  Which of the following z;/-l3e/ew9t fzg)fuv6j vhm correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaction of photohy g(na5xjj,g o3 h)j0,q+ gxisynthes 5qg, gjjh)oxh(+0,xyj niga3is?

  Which structure of thiq6s8n) e8luj8 rl0nhk2;w / zylux5n e chloroplast is most involved in the production of reduced NADP2 hnk8in;er ljusq8u6x/0zl w )nl58y and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation oficx y(2px/;g q photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TL cgx2/ix qyp;(C) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate c)la8b st50kwqa( woj9tfx-( thange on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conickf qj9lt(st- tw8o b0xa)aw(5al flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range owjhr, g: vxd42f wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynth 2jd w,x:4hrgvesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the presenfaa jt,,vhjmb 58 0+cace of cf aj0 ,ah58t+bjavm, light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid mfqex kyh2) kc5t0 kb/k r*x.e8embrane in the light-dependent reak*kkc.qhx)e/ feb k25rt80x yctions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes placf)wuq90swlp8 e before excited electrons are transferred from photosystem II to pho0 qwl)sp98fw utosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisph;w7+v-eh +q ;hd tzvaj* dxug,ppa 7m4osphate undergo carboxylation?a7vjxe+z7aupm *p;v +,td qh4wd-;g h

  Which products are fejoom gek-e4:a l--f 9ormed at the end of the light-dependent and light-independen-al9 k -mgfej:eo-4oet reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be uss6 fz m,9n4ghd /nfk. ia0xd+gg2z1 esed to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work o/ gsgfdsman29ghe1 n 4+k6.0f ,zxizdut what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a ch+h.nis eio(b3k zt5,(k8dmjr18 u e ayloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for ph*x/ g mr+yu)yeotosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and c 27 6ii7zzryzsellular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used tof z0/d;1og7s3 ewb i )zpeb)yx predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxiddg1x ;f)b)iyzb7 oes0 3w ze/pe experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon d laqd7a,my-*bjsq: b /ioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it fouamqd:7 *s, jqla/-y bbnd in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment 00fr+ ,;qf wrzzi,eulthat enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-iiq,e;,lu rfwfr z+ 00zndependent reactions of photosynthesis?