Which term describes the splwaa4 8(jlq3xe itting of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons,l8 (q3x4jae wa hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during ph+rsz81 wl ,rq0y pduy+i:0q blotosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the eff db)zj clsqs(.sf4szmk/90 wo ,n,j 4cect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method/sdc wlzo f j qks0,,.)4bsm4 csz9nj( of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X representj3t-0v m0p/q9 qiujh d?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroploo -1r2ps7g kjasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosyngoo1 p-sjr27kthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the foxps 4p6 3mx4u1; ji a0.ro;lttv qbdp(llowing structurex 4 4mpxqdvls.io(; u;bap1rtjtp603s are found in the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the*yb7nq lj:/q0 p(fsfm+p a5qe rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of lv p1uj r6;(qs awo/wl: ,ad)od6z(uk xight intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin.:oj vj:nba 15wcbi e-5h .hnw cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosm(hzeoho, (- qwzv+cr 4osis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell resphwr4h e-v+z,(c ozq(oiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive hz1 ih7qxstbg. ro5m i9c7pg65ouseplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source8chj(9n xiv :fdx5 fnwd7p91+e;kusk of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for photosync 9dfvfn5s+;79 1xej in(xh :pukk8wd thesis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis or re8wqh,y)2mj9 g o/ b xtf78punpspiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reactio -kuobo3:spa.gb7ee3 n of photosynto 33gbo:uaks7p.-e eb hesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most*vf7th2;h kr ( ,pvfuq involved in the production of reducedufh2f ;*,pkh q vv7(tr NADP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the+j mh;hcc3zs-j0(m n a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the so3;+h 0cmh z(ma-nj sjclvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change5,5ibg*6pzk/fbup/anztz 4 u on the rate of photosynthesifutz za*g/bp5k4/ p5ni b,u 6zs, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct rag*h fjw d(n9 +zrlb8 sa6g;8bfnge of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chloroph86+jaw (nz8 sflh*bbgf; g9r dyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbc .1h ki6mffoi i3p6k1u,/v vstp 65cion compounds are produced in the presence of lighfv6i/61 ti5 vo,6mici .f1k 3hcksuppt.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane in ikqf. e r(kyu:.f;04khxps q1mvt.. xthe light-1 kry..4.s; tkp xkvhqfq m(i:0e.uxfdependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes pp;pse y2rr 1pym3 vm5kanw 5-)lace before excited electrons are transferred from phot5rmm32 e-p1v w;nsyykppa)5rosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphb gaq9q2l r68 /k(i0ynsei*n kosphate undergo carboxylakb6lr8 kngqei nay/s0i 2*(q 9tion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependent and lis21wbjgky r5 0ght-independent 05 w bjyrgks12reactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography h k 8p-rh.hd:dcan be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. d8:.p hdhkr-h Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shx/pyx((d i fz fa8)tg1lh /j,gdglg+8ows the ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for ph.9bujjb3)a f uotosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cec/( u: h0jm8x .kr6punym0gi kllular respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates of p; )k 3bg-fumx. )y)yohktf 4jahotosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carh .)j;tbyg)a-fm3k) uyx 4fo kbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem 579abl+ 7bdu qj xiwr4II, and what form is it fo4+b5x 7w qdj bu97lariund in?

  What were the results6m: t gf-fteir5k.8 tl obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-independent reactions o865r t-:li gmktffe .tf photosynthesis?