Which term describes the splitti 9ipptdu)*8lar ea8y 8ng of water molecules in the presence of light to produce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen moleculee9 8utal)ypi*r8p8da s?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosc:b 3pd ri dp*l9sa(i (xf7;veynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effect of tempjp+ -(p2ilb bqerature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keepp bbi jl(p+-q2ing a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represen dw f3a*6n:avxt?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplastsjcj*q4uu6umigmg r,7 s ;kx( 3fn2xu7 for the light-dependent rea ,27umju xknxg*jcfqisu ; 3r67u4(gmctions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the t bokak,a9v4 mwox*,; following structures are found ikvkx*,9 w otaao4, b;mn the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different t1cygjy5xfu w. hp/i:clu871cd, m4uqa -7 zizemperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosy h2c9wm.elb k09gy4*d b; rrxnnthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in the Calvin )i ac7jel 2ax)cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly sft4zf(fejm)(q+jqw-kp z,7lsz 4+ q shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respwzzs+-,)e qsflztm fj 44qp+7(j kfq(iration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant wite 6fneah-/6uq h red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions fo f:xye4aw 4*dyr photosa ye*y4d 4x:wfynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly descriwcuw;f zhe/s3jpf:d q8 .gm 39bes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent re q e)dx(fq9y/raction of photosynthes eq/qdx9)ry( fis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most y rmg8+5x( 8mma6rprv involved in the production of reduced NA pmag8+ r6 mx8m5(vyrrDP and ATP?

The diagram shows the se9* ayrx(vtp 8sparation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) techxpt v*y rs89(anique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change onww,p oiq7 p10 wth4ie; the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conicalhw pt i 7q4,i0;1peoww flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wave5 qtsody v4m;3lengths of light that are absorbed aoy4m3q;dtv5 s nd reflected by chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced in the presyox8i5 98e aern.zdi;ence of i yx.;e 5io8zn8 ard9elight.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid mk6;cj 2x6;x 0pvdt x2,xjtrflembrane in the light-dependent d0xtcrt2fxkl2xj6 ,pj;;x v6reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are1ta3 b 6qbwws.-iv;7 azi nc,r transferred from photosystem II to photcat3sbw, ;7-awv ni 1ibq.6rzosystem I?

  In which structure of the chlor k2oe r tr3.c.0kj3 eba34a9n;dtfigt oplast does ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxylarnfr.tac e3923 og.d4k ebajtt 3;i0ktion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-* y 4sxjizy 7p7*0uyksdependent and light-independent r s77ys 40up*jik x*zyyeactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be vu f qoj0p n:c4/1b+ezused to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separafq 1 eju+bc4nv:/zp0 otion of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the vvm/b;d;z.kw ultrastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for cqn73f* i 1s ,hvaq8kiphotosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular itlg:3za-r.jufgw )3respiration are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future;ex ael xfh 1o-96 7+2isdkzrf rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-axxer2kzf;1s i6ed-o9fh7l a+ ir carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and whawtz: a8k: ggw,t form is ,g 8kt:zwwa:git found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop expec9h l e, hilofe4m4vl-.xwi*1pej8 2ariment that enabled Calvin to determine the order2 m 9ejlp*hfv4 le c1we4o-8.xhil,ai of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?