Which term describes the splitting of water moleuhiyi 3x:u- 0tcules in the presence of light to prodiy u:3u-xiht0uce electrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involvedp97k l vad:,sj bo04xdu d)ai6m4 2ldi in carbon fixation during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below show14 dhxx5 f5ncus an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Whidh4c5x1 u n5fxch of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent6bdu,)q9w)3jxh6g 9r edj mt t?

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isx x:/j2dmvfjpm7d v :3olated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What iv 3pxdmjd2fv ::/x7jm s the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a lea3w alg.+ov5 wnf.Which of the following structures are found inon+3vgaw l5 .w the part of a chloroplast labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at)oj;9dp, ffrp different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of ,xhl+:trh/x0(e c cj+fgw ma9light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following proces8, nbm ,bb0.szchu6k fk;a)abc; -rog ses occur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chemiosmosis takes place i(go 3-g8 rjzmzn photosynthesis mz 3j8gz-rg(oand aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive housepl2b9pwl/ /:q3tjtslg cc+b2n tant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactionpfv b z u4bd w,++gbo:rnkaa163wb :w9s for photosynthesis?bz:wb9ga +bbpn+krw 4vw 3f1:o aud6,

  Which of the followi1qu6gu-ui s1z1 hd i*png correctly describes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this lighq/aac99w9wuvj, w /nqt-independent reaction of photosynthesis?qa 9uc qv w9n,//w9wja

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in thefg/+i+sfgz ,y production of reduced NAD++y gzfgf/,siP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of8s pflp+( o 6ky,pl(e;mglhv* photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatograp *hs( + l;lpg(6vyppmlk oef8,hy (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rat0pz1c:c (2cjkb qnw0+jpdvf . e of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks,zc0cw+ njjq df (.cp 1b02pk:v each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range z8ck miz,xq: (of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosz, 8izmkqx(c:ynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process wh);b ;sr;vox vrere carbon compounds are produced in the presence oor);svb xr; ;vf light.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid ;/(jr l2 uil*zf,ir oamembrane in the l o(*2urzrfl, ia i;lj/ight-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferred- +zx f2q3.: vttfjgk;vojt*m from photosystem II to pj*+tzvj-2;kgtf3 mtv q:x f.ohotosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate underg ybv6wvp70qt 30tw(u ho carboxylatu3h(00w6v vwqty btp7 ion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light- wq*4 opmp ;o):rhit.edependent and light-independent reacti)oh:m. p*pt;iewo 4qrons?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be u( 7rgs;* ll1yb 1wpoaused to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extra1 rgsbwl( 7y;o*1luapcts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastruct1apx- /dxr5oa6yrr +eure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum foc0m-m4mpu 66v m r3iomr photosynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catmb3bbh69-dl55xnjw9k* n owb,* c axsx u9r;qalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to predict future rates or xzj0fq;d(i/9 ; ouzuf photosynthesis and plant growth. Whic0or;x zf9(uu; j/zi qdh of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, bvx18h7y r;w2a /5csp a:xf nqand what form is it7vqrh512:acps; 8xafn/x ywb found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop expciclo.d f/0r74/ktt x;kwegz-hf( ia6q q b/ 3eriment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of./ d;0qe/c- 7k tt3z/b x iqoa6 l(ffwckgh4ir the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?