Which term describes the splitting 8jm4jmws bekgm20/ 8hqz7fmbs*z,/ a of water molecules in the presence of light to produce es k f z7 b*8zmbhmjj s0e2gmq,/4/8wamlectrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation durin3 k4vf7a wouh,,k-ktgg photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigatin kg::3sef/ 8 vm57h8fenltpq yg the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this partiem8q:3s/78evk:yf p n hl5tg fcular experiment?

  What does X represent? 1ibzn,3zc-..m v1ae 11rw9dpmiy w va

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated ch2zzpy eby8:ucj hq:).6vqt cucj.* k* loroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the fin zkj:bu*ctv..yqp)uye cjhc:z 8*6q2al electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in fs/4e9t my 62dlbxm5l a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplasyt2 dexfbls94/m5l 6mt labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photo27sscm +d(1fnjpsejt 7z l j/yx m e32/x;l0mosynthesis at different temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the a w-;f7ptt,hleffect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occ/d 3mgjx l-/ zyvh/o;vvk)zq;m8 f8 huur in the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly shows where chem4e96cdqh4 z at vv4yubc*z-6xiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic cell respirav6z4x6c4qbt z 94a*d yvh-ceution?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant with *e xe*2jny:oy, +blyj red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen ions in the light-dependent reactions-x2nd* y w;jrd for photosynthe2y;- dxjndw r*sis?

  Which of the following correctly describes photosynthesis orj2/ypz- g ;0:e (atcrtd lww:i respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-independent reaq 76l+-jyxdzpction of photosynthe7xp-lz q+ dyj6sis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most involved in the produc ae ,8sg7 qgy.zj;lfi)tion of reduced NADqgzy8)lfi ;js. ,a 7geP and ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of pows; w nm(:97cw*m ;mpm vm3qihotosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.qwm*s mwp(v mi:;7wc;m3 m9no

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on the rate of photosyn f yuaymo:2e5v, *ha8athesis, pondweed was placed in a number of se8yemvoa a:5yh,f* 2uaaled conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents the correct range of wavgj2zoi(70ni o zavjfo0p 852 qelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected b80f g nzqo27 ( op52o0vjjziaiy chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compounds are produced infwy te0bcs ,m;mqn7(6r(7del the presence of light;tlb 6nme(7,wfsq(r 7md 0yec .
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across2 c(3x bu qnb6bb9ke-n6k h3gc the thylakoid membrane in the light-dn2ke- cqb9kb 6bnxc(bg u3 63hependent reactions of photosynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited e *a 9hmwpk3jyq ybs-)-lectrons are transferred from bjh ys3a 9)-w*-qy pkmphotosystem II to photosystem I?

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphosphate unde1uuqk lnb:t 0i-/s r xos,*7iirgo carboxylau 0uxl7o:rsi1-tbq*ii / k n,stion?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light-dependentj3x 7b/ixf;a9hv deq * and light-independent re x73e/bafh;jv*ix9 dqactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to sep kbb14rvws9: marate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigwmb k94s: 1brvments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultr4 i:vc eippsq 11 n lg43myc(89hx6ohuastructure of a chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosdwm;i8u)vkth w6/1b8airzvz:vom 8 up(8 2q oynthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catalk3t 0e j2c6okpysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments are used to p;nb .m1e+ig ezredict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon deing.;+ 1ez bmioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carb3 lm)1m.;n mnqa)jgl9yx7u auon dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is itju 7a));u qmmmn.lg y3l a19nx found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Calv d cnf;9nt0 p 0;m9kak(6lrcpvgq+ jp5in to determine the orderr9;an+ml0 pt9fj(np;kd gcc6 v kp05q of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?