Which term describes the splitting of water molebnv e9k+pl.cg)t*7d ocules in the presence of light to produce elec)kpo+dbg7 .*celv9t ntrons, hydrogen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixat gb:m p,:z yer1v*bwyq 4jj.4we/vq2 af, dfw1ion during photosynthesis?

  The diagram below shnah98 v zn-(glows an experiment investigating the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keeping -vzhnng 9al 8(a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent?i glz7lt ;s)9o

  The Hill reaction shows vgvmf r3hun7 kr;m77kf 93nm (electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used instead7ufgm3vn7mf m (kn 97;vk3rrh of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a chloroplast in a leafsj z*d 9t/d,f0kuqb,:6ce *j8x m nz w-lyc0db.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplast la/w:xlknd,zj*6cd90y, efq ctsjb-mu* z0 8dbbelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatuhcy*k3cb)(l ires.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light intensity on tht0e/r xw 4x8+ryi yv)ae rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in t3s:w basat hbb(.-qh 2he Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctqu az(xw5fqfxt:c * lg6os(o*3g ,g-gly shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis andf xo fgqzgxul(w*g(q6 a -tsc5g3o:,* aerobic cell respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houseplant wilv o a5a,v9 cb6s*pn5mth red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydr6r5mysej1nm .he :f injg 6mj9-ns )h*ogen ions in the light-dependent reactions for ph)i:h r6sjn5 - ny ejs*g.1m6h9fj enmmotosynthesis?

  Which of the following correctly describsyn5h: ,5 ljck:4)2sv nwwiye es photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in this light-inrpwk4m7)(r1 hua ut; u m6s;a0kkfl7fdependent reaction of photosynthesis?tffmklhr(u 7 ;6a akrk1);w up4m07su

  Which structure of the chloroplast is most ih 8ibbr:+(haekafg2 2nvolved in the production of reduced NADP and: ek hb2(gafih +a82br ATP?

The diagram shows the separation tlzld61ha 4(5:qkm ( 2xi mjslof photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layer chrom(4(x jazm2d h6 :siqlt1mk5llatography (TLC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of c az-kbq.,jz 2ptj:- mv sa,t/alimate change on the rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of watera.j-j,m2 k/sq at-,ap: vbtzz and carbonic acid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum represents sp- z+6vfv44qc:x badthe correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected b+a-scv:v6b d4zpf xq4 y chlorophyll for photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carb,9zyhxkn 2ppw9 +o 4k(pkhxw 4x x7on)on compounds are produced in the presence of light.n(ppx pk 4zhkwxhw2 okn9)94x, 7xoy+
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrangw-u)fu +qna-v/g*ei e in the light-dependent reactions of photo/ug) ave- +gf -u*nqwisynthesis?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons are transferr 6u tjlxk *+14xio4npzed from photosystem II to photosystem I?4zx in+k*xotj l6p4 1u

  In which structure of the chloroplast do6,ssvlh8l o/ loi2 9otsof0/w7h( wq res ribulose bisphosphate undergo carboxy8wfi0(sw hltq/v hs, oo/92 l6ros lo7lation?

  Which products are formed at the end of the light- fm3 ne;qu.1gvbv3)x xgyanach77; u1dependent and light-independent r)agma.be cxg3fnv7q;u1hvun71x3; yeactions?

  Thin-layer chromatography can be used to separate photosynthetic pek7mdv( 8 f,dmigments. Below is a diagram showing the s8mk fv m,7dde(eparation of pigments in this way. Rf values are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of ao e0a s :zetm(57dqgx. chloroplast.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosynsbufz dv*) +sr0ph (v(thesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiratio8rfi5a-up rk.w21x3df o5 n:rjwk pw 2n are enzyme-catalysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experiments arem;kazqn1/,x o used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments overq/; ,mx 1oaknz free-air carbon dioxide experiments (FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbs x3grehnb;ina+b* 6-on dioxide in photosystem II, and what form is it r+hxi- nn3;e6basbg *found in?

  What were the results obtained from the lollipop experiment that enabled Ca3xt dlgn 5; brov+hbz)2d;ba.lvin to determine the order of the light-indepenabbo) zv gd2+ hx;tndr35l;b.dent reactions of photosynthesis?