Which term describes the splitting of water molecules in the presence of light 5im lcs.h2ymw p7(6uxto produce electrons, hydrolw(.2hx5i6 y7 u mpcmsgen ions and oxygen molecules?

  Which of the following is involved in carbon fixation during photosynthesisk5pwwqmt6 wk2,0hj1;kla 1l u?

  The diagram below shows an experiment investigating the effec mt9oodzz 4zr,j,,oc 8:v+i owt of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the following is not a method of keez,+d c m8wto 9:jz v4ozr,oio,ping a controlled variable at a constant value throughout this particular experiment?

  What does X represent? hx5p8bvd u n+8

  The Hill reaction shows electron transfer in isolated chloroplasts for am ;vv:am)5;z i prfxq4jzvlz;.zg3jx/f9 x9the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A blue dye, DCPIP (2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol) is used inst:pv9azj4axv9)m5z;; xzfqr.ifg /x3 zvjm;l ead of the natural final electron acceptor. What is the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis?

  The micrograph below shows part of a atsel *3/uo/c chloroplast in a leaf.Which of the following structures are found in the part of a chloroplasta3/o*/slec tu labelled X?
I.Photosystem I
II.ATP Synthase
III.Ribosomes

  This graph shows the rate of photosynthesis at different z(anc7z/uo )jjvpefj/j/x* (s 3 u(bf temperatures.

What conclusion can be made?

  The graph shows the effect of light i2b1. md:xxkw mntensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

What can be concluded from the results presented in this graph?

  The following processes occur in +d/y7upl vqy9the Calvin cycle.
I. Ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
II. Carbon dioxide fixation
III. Glycerate-3-phosphate is reduced to triose phosphate
Which is the incorrect sequence for these processes?

  Which of the following correctly(kn-dqghpvto9u 8c )u,0 j.bv shows where chemiosmosis takes place in photosynthesis and aerobic ce8nup )jb0q .(ok,vvh9 ucdg t-ll respiration?

Coleus blumei is an attractive houszx: 1w2e3scf 1e;lsj neplant with red leaves.

1.Determine with a reason whether or not this plant is still able to conduct photosynthesis with red leaves.
2.Red leaves absorb and reflect different coloured light than green leaves. Distinguish between red light and green light in the visible spectrum.
3.Outline how limiting factors affect the rate of photosynthesis.
4.Explain how oxygen produced during photosynthesis can be used during respiration

  What is the main source of hydrogen io mk)wqtuy d75)ns in the light-dependent reactions for photosynthes yqkut7m)w )d5is?

  Which of the following correctly descrio00 *sz93 5ty t:d e3vvjxhjuobes photosynthesis or respiration?

	Reaction	Products	Anabolic or Catabolic	Endothermic or Exothermic
A	Photosynthesis	Carbon dioxide, water	Catabolic	Exothermic
B	Respiration	Oxygen, glucose	Catabolic	Exothermic
C	Photosynthesis	Oxygen, glucose	Anabolic	Endothermic
D	Respiration	Carbon dioxide, water	Anabolic	Endothermic

  Which type of reaction is occurring in thisqw-jabh *6 u-c e,2nzj light-independent reaction of photos --2 jb*a,u6cznw eqhjynthesis?

  Which structure of the chloroplast i gkcq5d wwt7i)jis5*;s most involved in the production of reduced NADP awiw5 j;5)* 7digtcs qknd ATP?

The diagram shows the separation of photosynthetic pigments using the thin-layt6h74u,1;;4 scun ldlfru w5mm+jps zer chromatography (TL,f 5ls 64ntuc4u;ml; mhs7 wdp1ujr+zC) technique in the solvent propanone.

1.Identify a pigment that is present in cabbage but not in spinach
2.Outline the method used to extract the pigments from the plant leaves.
3.1Outline what information the Rf value provides in this experiment.
2.Calculate the Rf value of Xanthophyll, showing your working.
4.Spinach also contains Lycopene, an orange/red pigment. Suggest why it is absent from the chromatogram.
5.Deduce, with a reason, what pigment X is.
6.Explain why the origin must be above the solvent at the start of the experiment.
7.Explain why it is important that the TLC plate is held by its edges when setting up this experiment.

In an investigation into the impacts of climate change on pu4 a 53k 4t/ocuw9fcathe rate of photosynthesis, pondweed was placed in a number of sealed conical flasks, each containing a solution of water and carbonic a9puu5tk/a4c3 a4f cowcid.

Each conical flask was placed in a water bath maintained at a constant temperature. At regular time intervals, samples of the solution were taken from each conical flask and measured using a pH probe.

The results are shown in the table.

1.1Identify the dependent and independent variables in this investigation.
1.2State one variable that must be kept constant in this investigation to ensure the results are valid.
2Describe the relationship between the temperature, time and pH of the solution.
3Predict the pH of the dilute carbonic acid solution at $40^{\circ}C$ after 60 minutes.1
4.1Calculate the rate of change in pH between 30 - 40 minutes and 40 - 50 minutes for the trial kept at $40^{\circ}C$.
4.2Suggest a reason for the difference in the rate of change you calculated in (i).
5.Suggest one improvement to the design of this experiment and state whether it would increase the accuracy or reliability of the results.

  Which visible spectrum reprj*e x(oi1s +r:l28vlxvl -jdwesents the correct range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed and reflected by chlorophyll for photosynth ovevx2rsl-l8 (1w+idj*j : lxesis?

Photosynthesis is a process where carbon compoundo/n hfn-3 fay,4za8yes are produced in the presence of lightoa-f/3 nn ,a 8zh4yyfe.
1.Draw and label an action spectrum for photosynthesis in plants.
2.Outline how energy is used to produce glucose from carbon dioxide.
3.Describe an experiment investigating the effect of carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

  What is used to generate a proton gradient across the thylako k+(9xrmd:xcjew8f3 b id membrane in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesi9 wmcj:3rxd(+b exf k8s?

  What is the process that takes place before excited electrons arv -( ubkma lk,p*g+i,qrgy-/7 kmqxr:e transferred from photosystem II to photosystem I?gv umx + /my-(bgkaqk:i,p 7k,q*lrr -

  In which structure of the chloroplast does ribulose bisphbm+aw( 3e bl*uosphate undergo carboxylatio(*ubal e m+bw3n?

  Which products are formed at the end ;kehgbciskh0 e 8)e 47of the light-dependent and light-independent reacek;egi04 shec k7) h8btions?

  Thin-layer chromatogra r1/4ux 1(rgq lsyaulil3;4wlphy can be used to separate photosynthetic pigments. Below is a diagram showing the separation of pigments in this way. Rf vlr1x;4ilga/s 3 yurl(1 w uql4alues are used to work out what pigments are present in the leaf extracts.
Which of the following are the measurements that need to be taken to calculate the Rf values?

The diagram below shows the ultrastructure of a chloropcjizudb7 6l rnoh;9ro sw00 ;1last.

1.Identify the enzyme that catalyses the process of carbon fixation and is found at Y.
2.Deduce, with a reason, which structure of the chloroplast has the lowest pH value.
3.State the name of the structure found in chloroplasts that consists of stacks of fluid-filled sacs, which give the chloroplast a larger surface area for light absorption.
4.Describe the factors that would increase the number of starch grains in structure Y.
5.Distinguish between photosystem II and photosystem I.
6.Describe the process of photophosphorylation in photosynthesis.

  The graph shows the action spectrum for photosyn ewoqi4n-2u,g-g ,5-cwvh s,q +jlwgvthesis.

What can be directly inferred from the graph?

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are enzyme-catoe q /t9ox)nw5alysed reactions.
1.Outline the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis.
2.Describe the technological advancements and experimental tools that were used in Calvin’s experiment on photosynthesis.
3.Compare and contrast the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.

  Carbon dioxide enrichment experimexjnqctu/l(mv;o6;-t*fv +e:z- f q wunts are used to predict future rates of photosynthesis and plant growth. Which of the following is an advantage of enclosed greenhouse experiments over free-air carbon dioxide experiments (lf*to um v(xq;n cuw-eqtv- z:f;j+6/FACE) experiments, when conducting carbon dioxide enrichment experiments?

  In algae, what is the role of carbon dioxide in photosystem II, and what forcu(l m/u6 x:yzaoz r8+m is it fm(:8cu a6uzoy +rx/zl ound in?

  What were the results obtained from tw m r*vt*3h. syiqq1k)he lollipop experiment that enabled Calvin to determine the order of the light-indekqq*wsvi.m3r *y )h1t pendent reactions of photosynthesis?