The three common phases of m4u9-u ,;f iss j)lgio:vmhn:w6kew+ k atter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of c. vddbuj wza55:6l3m$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a uf 64r.od0s fhtowg20g nit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glassej*s5q k5,u ivds. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrojd* sku ,qv55iwer at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside afnm7,suq2 xb9ct, gk6nd outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure u tsxrli3-3ye/*h*c ;d z4aawchanges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bota 43*xw /cstrdiyau; 3*-e hzltom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a poeq:tfryl;t l 4q9r y24ol. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happe9yl4qte l:t4fr;y2rqns to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princilte ec- c:72o advcd22ple.

State Archimedes' princ7v8zt08ritud c8gr3h iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into watje0 pflso6;*cer of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force jfcplos;e 60* on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both freiin s)p4 ke dzb;u5*og,wvw8.sh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greateres w.pkiv ),z n4bdog ui5;*8w on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water0h* kx3d20e whhpky+y and salt water. Compae2whk dkyp*h 0h3 0+xyred to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of merj h 5bwq*q lb0vg(etib .u0*)qcury. Where is the buoyant force on the baew5*)q00gbb(*qbv.j qh litull greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits(b wwp-e6ffgkc8, sx0kr 1w: g at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which hasfk gckf,: w016wbexg-swrp8( the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the v q/ 1m x k1byakyts)f;/9*uxyiron is removed from the wood, what happens y);k 1t*qak y s9x1fvb//uxymto the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece offyx1d61 e81 +nphr es;k(e6 ,ud jazjv6at3hc wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in +c1e8a1fvr ahte6 pn,z ks16d; dx36heyju(j the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameterta( z4l:x:a/pj b awz( of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speep w:a(z/ 4talj ax(:zbd of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pu -aqcb i:)i;srsu61b ipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the -sbi6iq bc;ur 1 u)sa:flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12nw t r8b peygmbb,lr*/62 tmv+, 3,bgp m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half itsbrp +n8bgpt,vl/rmg*3yb, 2tm ,bw6e original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's priwn ivjc+ (8bb+)-dt zxnciple.

  Which one of the following is associatw1,mo7 3d:aca 30zd san)vohoed with the law of conservation of energy in fluivwacz o7 am1d, 0sha 3:oo)nd3ds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increas-.:xhxy8r l kt nkg:1ces, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than 2sl- pjppd/4* my0xksat point A. Where is the wat20ysmdl*/ p 4js-xkp per pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above oj;mm+o +4os ra paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the v c*:a8mvob)sdrc (9n air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance on him na)b(vd*vc 8s:9corm is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are rel tqu sprm9jqxp( fs:k 85:i/l.eased simultaneously from a tall tower. Which wqpsj. f :5p8 (sxkl9urq/tmi:ill reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water,uj6(w-pu ism1 23ztpl it experiences a dr1(6stup -i2jz3u m lwpag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That 6pjd6v -2j *in 5cxt7z hkjua0s8pw*ois, if you madekjvxz 6 576jao2s*0 hj*pc-ip utd8wn a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the a1irh ,8cnr2r same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate irra8n, h2rc i1n pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same/j i9 clx;x )l6v8hgzz diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference acrossi;vx/ 6lh c xj8zlg9z) the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seemkpf 4) hpj p35k*hfdi6x frk7*s to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of st7d p kk4ph *6f3frh*kpf5)jxi aying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed8ep j +0b r2dt7g0vbw o:r2xpr in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as gb+vr8rwbop: gjdr t 7e 2x002preat, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight th tazmrmwa; d;)8e +/yiat they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twir;atmw e za 8;dmi)y/+ce as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight tha*bey2 ys ado21t they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of ey*a 122sbodywater bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a maso ) a9e-mxz:qupbo ps.8g3z.zs of 30.0 g. What is its density?:poe q .msub)- 8xgaozz p9z3.

  A liquid has a specifs)70u9s mwj1lpzdg w/ic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm.r-6k.nf fucr4 What is the maximum pressure it can e r 46.cnffur-kxert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snows 2xq4p+m 98pen5f),bca21gtuz err qshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth j yma ; pips5, 6tjcst4pa0 0)hc7/mcpof 120.0 m in th 6/;as0 jh)mtjpsci75ma tycp cp 04p,e ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstandm/ 3nb bj-4hjn a maximum force /jn4 jhb -mn3bof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute presgg: 9vh :rw)upsure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface k(kb(s eke/*s .ctubpq6ik3s.o b; )wof sea? (The density of kkqbwbs3b*e..(e)k /psitk(s o6u; c seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locati 8mk1ekc nu*a31qk ,tion 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawa3a ck emkt*q,1 uk18inter is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pis)pxgc0) 3pr tv jml)v(ton has are)vpx ) pm (c)gjrlv3t0a $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the lar sgbivaipu- 464 s ek:b0l.gx;ge piston has a radius of 15 cm. Wu i v;sag:xbi b44 0le6k.-spghat force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Wtp 531u3e2ebud c3 mcl xvve+*hat force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston 5meb3 3 x+c cu1v3pe tlu*2vdeto accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydq4 jj wn go:yt+ty4(aggysk* 6 js8*u.raulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has at*6w(t: sgy4osya n g4u 8+y.gkqjj *j diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30xr7gkftz 7 f30fei +qd s8c.9t N in water. What is the buoyant forcert fcff3gd7s8z79 ke x+qi.t0 of the water?

  An object has a volume owb+ bc.6e4; dmr 3loyqf $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in watzwv4if7,lz3 jer. vzl3,f7zj4wi What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of go -rxj 1o+l.svpvuu7e4 uj7t-rld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submabh 5u rrt;w+s6rine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.840 t7s(, bjpkaqsw my+:(r:rjv/g o xp4 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the : r(q7y xr/s:abj s kjop ,4mt+0pgvw(specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a fdyid ;lhg.t/9 l*3oun;) jmuscale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is j;/fdg); mhduti9 ny.ol3*ulsuspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and kr:(g:ogz cp 6density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diad*58sehzi o, imeter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is8i s,hoiz5*e d its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wideuaw36(,fbarc a ;+kyn , and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loadbaaw+y;63 rfun,k ca(ed onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume benesjv m+q4w/h6 lf,p.czath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Whatc.s+ 6f 4w/hzvlq,pmj is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with thr. tyhhz0mg.- aee-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is t.z.hym tga-h 0he object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with thr2h)(cd;dskh p qs gm27ee-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the wat m q)(shk gh7ds;dc22per. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice flf5s ha 3g4(vnb 3lgfk9oe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravi(lg453 s afn9 g3vkfbhty of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Fi7.sn3qrweh+) c utxj+ nd the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.dr4eo9*col /d.zlund b 6e)t90 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity oe9et94u/ odzr6n)l ldbd .c*in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a presse1)erp .4x mpaure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump zyqx,k6 n8j 9dbvitees0m) -4 to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?i y sm0n94dx)e jv6b,-8zeqkt

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage j9b(r,mtq.gd tank that holds wat.rgtb(q9m ,jd er at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horiz4 mi w3xa nc .i2rnlmwzn8;qx8kf4:s+ontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscpjke 5qn) u19losity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cju)lqk95n1e p m long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissubso+5j s7xi*0j/negc e on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how muc nsjcjs +xe07ogbi/ 5*h would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the dd:;t/pr qp,lfb ep3u-iameter of tube B. If water rippq;3d -/b,urtp :fleses 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will watrj1pp8u6nul 7j0v 9jter rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2ju97j t0j18 r nupp6lv mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise vv*k,sb 7n :(u8 yqxrdin a glass capillary tube with :78vk(b,v x yusn rdq*a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in t) 3e*v+fef0nik :d1yk2f nj qaz t:4zlhe tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of : +iv0kqjfeannf:ef 4 )1y *l3dz2 tkzthe liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m -kpt073 .ttp dkn9dweand width 0.600 m with a soap film forme t3pdd0k9-wt.n p7 ketd within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length z1d7ai7eks f312 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that kz die fa37s71the frame is 12 cm square?