The three common phases of matter aa k4 mi4;o2isnre

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of lofglm: g8m6h* *dc8js b1i4u$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following i-t1i/i1qb iomf*p42w e*06ra tfhwuf s not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drink22h-k6o 0 wictyyx ;fging glasses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. -2goxk2t;i0 cwy hf6y Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire ca7n,)w-g;wi 1kxmfwh n lled?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolutknl6ju;ge8nr u5orsv 00p5qahw u5*(e pressure at the bottom of a onr j p lesn*q0uau(uwhr8;50v 55 gk6pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surfacj q;a,xhj.l*zvm,0fg e of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressm;h xgvjf q*lj,,0 .azure on you?

State Pascal's princi ei:syl:(59 tc:q+dv j rslf9mple.

State Archimedes' princitxhc3q,k1q-p,j a1 rople.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water oab( czj.jw/s 1f constant density, what happens to the buoyant forcjsc1ab.( j w/ze on it?

  Salt water has greater density than opxou -g8.h9qfresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. ooh9pgxu -.q8Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh watvni 2v 3 h.ptl:p(ik65eqb ,mqer. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt w v(,:bp3kqv 2q.p5i6nehlitm ater is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool o uz8 bu4gyyv3(f mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greateruu( bvz8y3y4 g?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits vgg3xm ;;c9re xt 0-noat the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece 3 -x me9v;xtn;0gr cgoof lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wou9v zizouixe ;k2 j280od floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what hap0z kxuuoi9; 282jizvepens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece .hxxuej:b( 7v ,io(qyfrk)h zk:4cq( of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the wate7(ekqic x xkjv((4ubh)z y:r :, qfho.r level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger pvi ,,ebv ,e,t4cb+uzthan at point A. Where is the speed of the water gv ,+ue z,b b,pevi4ct,reater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 5envi5jeum,5cmmbjv z :yv5az34q) 6 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what c aevj45mq3v6 n5:5uz m5m vyzjbi )e,is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows ti66hei, +y ms7ec pa1bo half its original radius, what is the flow,e1 7y6 mpahcesii6b+ speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pri3u 5f*hyil:pvy) mt 8qnciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with thmb39 p l)b )a4e5:js sazh/q:e iczmi)e law of conservation of energy in fluibse s j5b):ai)amz):pz q3im4 /h9 elcds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid incre, fm+ks 4uw(ndases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a z xki2ln t(-jm.qg, a5jx hd37pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at23. i gkj- xlxhqnt jaz(m7,5d point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This mn0ux t7 :jy,,eqxp4ois because

  A sky diver falls through the air at termin)9o-qewonjr7 b:d ( oral velocity. The force of air resistance r 9)wq onor-:7(ejdboon him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radi qx)psl1tz3*pl x -xf6j nbz*1i R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall towerb*x3xtl*p xsqn6j1 p- l fz1z). Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experiencpc )enpfu/h :d,s2l )ees a drag fo/ )2 ,e)pshlcdpu fe:nrce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narobi /og9hgn fxp92/a;row pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities belo9f/bgox i9ongha ;/2 pw, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of p.jwt w3n4y- mfd2qw (iipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure diffyd3.jqtww iw-( mn2f4 erence across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as lw73.wuoby1 e xong as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what isbx17 uye.wo3w the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasyi wp -3fr*; z* ukhcm.iii0(hp. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead ocr-pui m;**k0z3hfipiw h.i( f staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed m+0gwkd.ehl,7 vrf e x+mt2u)in water, the water rises to a height h. If) dlfh2. x eg,uvm kmtw++e70r the diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficienv: v 3qha:a3s8m67trdjz9y ue tly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surfqsyr:aj3ha8679 uv:d3m tevzace tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the 1 )bfg7)kjvmwgo7tx0o c/)n4l ku,lpwater bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water witmgcbf 1top nk,l)0g))4lkvu 7 wo7 /jxhout breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00m 4 5j ))l8e4qdmhqw6 ,qqinae cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. hm 8)nemqqeaq d ,jw5i)464l q What is its density?

  A liquid has a specificobk1f2so7nc 0 mt 5;hx gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm,::*-bvaias9m5g3unqxccj z f j 6 ub, x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure -vf*u:g, ,5umxz jab:ncbj q93 c6asiit can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowsm5p2ysrrwmq;y, k5 -jmz.v 2nhoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) mrk+ kf lm*xl7(ust a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in tm7lrf*x lk( k+he ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diam :n x0*oqi* fz1dqsi7ceter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force ofzq sxoi 0 c:f*d*1qni7 $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the w7jwp9gv+ttw1u-a dj*p21zk absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location em1*+ g6ehb)qtoj *2f wpv ns-15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawaterboq-6eew m+)1h2jsf nvp*tg* is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below tb ;ozu4nlj5sb-p be;s9yyqapd 9- db7g * :g2nhe surface of sea? (The density of:esa;lqz9n gu;o4 j7bybs pbdgdb*2 p 5y-9n- seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydrepjjnc2zleb(y2t ,2,2- by ws aulic machine. The small piston has ayjwnpl,j2bebcz2e y 2-,(2 t srea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm /5bw4z1p+hg g/ v czzrand the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 pg1hz+c z4zvr/ /g5bwN on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 daxcb97/ l.ilzph*lt+n( 5r u 4h6dxbcm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to rdc zb* nb/l.axx6plt5dlhuh49+ (i7 be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0wx cuctm6r0ie: fyj 1c+4 k(4h cm, and its large piston has ai640rxt ufkc: cj4m cyw (+he1 diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the b0;sa5/q hnm*fv0 2oksa1 uyh huoyant force of the wa; 12s0you k vfah5h0/hq sa*mnter?

  An object has a volume of 8br o( 1fd6ccc$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a strin 76pdgr1jj :iyg while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iroj1j 7dig6py: rn is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold , 4 :+bupksm6rqcdr:5gtm4xkis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (der(p. cz*zya8zwsdjfv6w5y ; (bh .-eensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.8 dzd)qlpk;fg 1zzgb.h l135gc2 y8:jri65 hfg6 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific grcd gfjl2)lbgf iy 6:qz r3z51dgk;hg5zh.8p1avity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads ka dlmp:ryve 8l8 f09*120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspendl rdle 8 08f:akmpv9*yed from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg de; slbji)i+ 8and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just byn*kxwk a4-a .-p x0eaarely float in water.*epywx.-kk 4 0a -axan What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, andhcm m n;f-ld56 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can behc;l -ndm56 fm loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water.jq ekum (6iqm..7:pft The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Wha7q .qk.m6pjm u:(teif t is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with t4fk-9yc1r q (ugax5cuq+7fh y dh.nx.hree-fourths of its volume beneath the surface.x +-n9r fuafcydk7y5(41.h uq.ch gxq What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of izid1kk4wn/ j(ts volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant f1 nkji(4/kz wdorce on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg sti8f i/scrnlp1;z 3btawp fg*e):j3-y ands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The speciel spyjgtcf;ir : * b-1zf33/p8)n waific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. cw4vrm uirl/4v o n0(: Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. The+:2d mu xrgjv/re is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restricti2+u/dvrxj:m g on?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with /g9(pj6 d fljm/6-,kb9d 1fgl vl tpyka pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 1edni9myd c n.m b)+e4300 kPa, if the fountain ien.+bcnd1m)d 9 eiym 4s 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in thyc9;b n05 tzdu5ajrm2 e bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow oydbn025z uc; ajr 5tm9ut of the hole?

  Water flows through hg6by i6o ux31bd/n ekn44j ;ha horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it t pih6dzu6nhn,z 3s1o(ake to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and6h6ni,zsph1 u3 (zdon neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-;2rswd8x u auoa3*ur1up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pru8rr1 *2ax3swo ;uuda essure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the ditijyc m2-w)x /8h*qlc ameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how hig hc2 -/yqlmi w*jt8)xch will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a cayl rm ./1gox0) neqmi2warc9*pillary tube of diameter 1.2 mm?9r 0e) cnoi/a12xr*m.gmlyw q

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capile ku; nvf:)u:wc m7m7ylary tube with a d)me7fv uwym; k7:u:cniameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placeda3ta7pe k l6vyyyp 7/7 vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to oyyp7a e a7ykv 3l7t/p6ne-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap 0eka*w.,2*vjkq zqn aw 6 nmt(film formed within its tj ,kenz(.* wm2 va*qqka6 nw0confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 123+ my0ug )wiru cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. S3+)gw0ym ur uioapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?