The three common phases of matter arem7az-x pq3nyp y 6k2y; 7n)cxt

  Density is

  Substance A has a densityvi 6r.5 z6vhhy of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a uni7w p ks)t/kb5p6mtmlw yic9 (/t of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area y y( jd*w vu 7cv(oh.y6jsc,d0base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pres u w(yd70, od6cjyhvj s(y*c.vsure at the bottom?

  What is the difference wl pdb7jr;lm:7utu 9d76m3ku between the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the abso+kb(-xz* ztm llute pressure at the bobkz+ lmx*-tz (ttom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface o/x-q26k wc paxqcn.z9f a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to t/xw9pcq c ka-.z6nx2qhe absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle.i+ lcye or r(:q cfg9+a119 f7(ebdkuf

State Archimedes' princ9 o+ -nbf2hgfliple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeekl:4 p;tp a7ph0a5qq7:ne hn per into water of constant density, what happens to thp:7 4 5 knqn7eh0e aaq;tlpp:he buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floajzkhq. hv+gjtd2 10 :zts in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on th1zvh z k+q. j0j:gd2the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than freaghnvj)5 : qi-sh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is -iavqhn) :gj5

  A steel ball sinks in water but floatsn7u:jevm- u9b in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant forc9nuu v-bj7 em:e on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the emv5yb r a 2*4s8/ardxbottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Whichxary 2er d48/*svba m5 has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece jw1kxnyzu3c7b )u5 9 hof wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in th7hwj5x9y uk)31 cn zbue tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sitso;a:;utdlc )5xna8a z on top of the first piece, and does not touch thdlto 5u8a ax:;c)naz;e water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe ag b9b:n y6)jer+s8 sm+,b/fluo ple0i t point B is larger than at point A. Where i,6s :9 eu+b se/f0yin joml+r)8pbglbs the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a ,q 0z)bd 2rc2s8dve khhorizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider secti 2h,2 rdvk8dc0ezqs)bon?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horiza v zs48);po9ijdq5o + omg.eaontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow. 8imd+epqvaog)4 o 5o;zj9sa speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princi9ukzx)nae 4us/fe: dh-0t4p k0:rswk ple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation 5t0 05ldkbtgnb-cr(h of energy in fludk t-clh05rt0gb( n5bids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the fluk z uk/ +vg8niom5k7i;id

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger trdxk :aj9 +ahukm/g9ab);k+ i han at point A. Where is the water press +rk;ib/+a9kxg9:m uaah)kj dure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is bc mi,26lvhn1 lxkw3(p ecause

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of airc0 u; kesi:eg5 resistance on:seikge cu0; 5 him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R,o h8 f52k.chah7v/bfh are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reachc/ f .2o5hhk7hhbva 8f the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radiusxs+/-5zing4 hwl*fd v r falls through water, it experiences a dr+i/f-x5l d* 4ngszv whag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of 7zt-uygz i6pmcao q5 5h2 3v-mc :hb2kfluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in eac6h: u5m2o5zh-czikt-m7 vy cpbg23a q h of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same lenjo3d86xk4;m qp1na nho*c lz4gth, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If hakzdo*6xn44 q3lomc1p; 8jnthe flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe (nf1g1 (w vsdwhgn6, ; 2dzdtsB is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengthshgnd w, tg2(znv1 (wfd 1;ss6d of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" tpn9zii j -p5wx6;k*lky)oj n izh8(, laste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explakoyh9nl8pz6jiix)w-lp;5ik *n z,j( ined in terms of

  When a tube of diamejbtk;sg:3rqbi t ;9 p3ter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how ;:p3ij9;rts3tkbb qghigh would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that t fa.xmpoq8-e0*ud zg 8hey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A 8p8og fuqxae0dm. -*zhas weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the wat;jy .uet-tgm: c -xqe(er bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet oft(jy:.;-t-cqem ex u g bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cefr -9ai17uhsp qg4,f m x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its density94a pe,f hfguir-sq7 1?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.3twn;xl (p 2l mp z(k;i6jx 32x6mc8gjw57. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.51jc dnss c2i6ha,lg,:kts;f0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizont,,kt s2sg6chldn ;s f1caj5i: al surface?

  A person weighing 900 Nq+anj*we 0da 38 wx2hcy8, wlx is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a subm 6vab 9vfs dcn7.c29rj b9a,zhvoae;y/h;i1 qarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean v iceha99n7/vqja6a;rb1. c9s zhfob;2vd,y?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand (-6b+ymn q xdf 0;qh* gam0/zzexym:t0xuu y7 a maximum force+befdtx uh-qyx:u*g mmy7 0n /0;zm( q6x0zay of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge press., wgp+fs n5mkure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pre6 gm( m7*+ s2anobs( :cysbufvssure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater is cgb:*v6 na2mbu( fs 7(sosy+ m$1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15goz ; bhvqy)t6a+ nc2).0 m below the surface of sea? (The t c) 6q+zoh;abgny2v) density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydr5x1 ( r g4 ll4mrwyvoz2fcy5;maulic machine. The small piston hav2; 5y o(r1mlwcfgr z54xyml 4s area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has.l yt j+suku*0;t0+pafzeje/ a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radi ut00t+j+.al/zkfeeu* ys ;jpus of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic q*fhl s0e9: yapiston. What force needs to be applied hys:qa * e9fl0to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameterecti).;z xm/ a of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.x t);m/zeia.c
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air h( qbky:o;of7 and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force o7o(q fyoh:kb ;f the water?

  An object has a volumeof/e7l*s; zc 2s7zlxa of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string *km3o/hs(3 oy u9ye tbmf8:alwhile submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity *: 3ye/lsao 9m ft8y(huom3bkof iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is mpzc:x(m:.cf5t l h3m:o 5uxzq3d7kl$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel subma0 i,pga/j 6ajh2bnhd7+ eks6i rine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.8 :cw5o1e* whxc6 N when it is immersed in water. What is the speci 5 *we:hxw1ccofic gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scxu k ;+nkia, kv8ip87cale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lnpcik+ ;8 kxvkiua,78owered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg9k yp5c7ffz *r and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barelycy:0ak69q nc9f nxrg8 float in water. What 8x cycnqa99kf:gr 0n6 is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m o54.rjr(xt004 krxb3omy xkn wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can b x4kx0xj .0n rro43tybr(5mk oe loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the gq/)vi pgz(7i r51d.tqz r do,water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the objeci z ,z/q5.17g(rpqi)to vdrdgt?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath wa:--(f - dwhppkmsf2the surface. What is the p-(ps -ahf:wk2df -wmobject's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of0/5e;uxmco(i5z:,b8cr tq r jc tj;we its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on th:(/r5ecbx0 z5ucjm orce tq;w ji;, 8te object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm y5i ley u4 pf3kwt064nbfe-y+ thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear inn045+- 3ekufyw4pfliyye t6 b saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diamet 5kh:qya ;)je e911l q8b1fszrtyd zr,er 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipki; l, fyy(df+e at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in +f;,i ky dyl(fthe line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a hwyl3. o20xa( yo7punyorizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinkingi1z.t*w c7 -aiwi,fw85e +uw p a1ffkg fountain with 300 kPicagf ww.w-ki* ftpz8f 7u 1i5e ,1a+wa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tggv )idohp5j40bumroy 9m.-: ank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At w4dprumy0 hoo5 jm.g g9:bi )v-hat rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of crosskp15ck +rkq qk -xpnq;)4vuo; xado8)-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long 8 bb.g 1(bebt,r.zukwwould it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume ttkbbgu8b z ..wrb1,(e he surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up ofr5yi48p+ vs ce fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be incre8cy 5s+4vpir eased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diam)j4*nxkia o c3eter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm innx4co) 3 iak*j tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will w hp4)el;2 zpuaf9pnw:ater rise in a capillary tube of diamete: zpf nlu2 p9e)p;wa4hr 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass cluwb. edzk4 y 1k1/;pxapillary tube with a dia; x1l ybdkk1u 4zpe/w.meter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in thktf*gvay 7;-r 0elds0 e tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is dge lkysv 7;f-a0r0t*lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a szql4rq *o;:ky oap film formed within its confined area. If the4;r y olqq*:kz surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has l)e(u ts mzjt+ oa0 *1rb.ci)hwength 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to mio1)ebsw cu0*()mrjta+.t hzove the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?