The three common phasesu+ 3fzgf 6cj4p5na-jl of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitoy *iam4 8w:or;u cx z/z(l5cey of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of 5u,*p8f asbq;wj .jqtpressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area ba,f 23ficdxb)7ng s e5fse, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glas ,fgsec3nb)d72f fx5is A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outsii.(tjk-gxl3ehj+h xbh iat2)7; df, vde a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressu-9woi4* .gc 2qpntdbore at the bottom of a poo 9dt-o* p4.icqg2bw nol?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. zgx v. l0.q pvi*k2,eqIf you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surflq 2pe.,qg .x*vizk0 vace, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlw 7ahz aepzaq ua:/*:4e.

State Archimedes' princi wbaub3hhsa*l,nwbv (s/nfzu ,904f3 o;p rk9 ple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into wate:tlujomn g9yx- a.1+nb* w+udr of constant density, what happens to thengdumo. y1tjaxl9+b*un-+ :w buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater densiblu q,uf,* 0s t4hvfx5k3 0nugty than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where ixnf g34t0 qkf,b hu,ls*u u05vs the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both f fy1tmzu*;7 3tq2pptpresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volupz 3mtftut12 y7p ;q*pme of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of merm16;ols)+ a*ztg8,qoi yuodwcury. Where is the buoyant 8,*1oiz;dlmug ysa +ow)tq6oforce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at g aex,49nlts7 u n7 lf/3gdeo,the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on 93/ofee7 xg 7 ,4dns,atnllgu it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a p +i lrx5rjii +wqg7)s)iece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happensw)ijr5++g li )is7rqx to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a /mue0zdr7x 4s hhz/86 /i:uxpznv 7cvbathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, wha hse6 0u/u47hzc/xp ix7dznrzm v8:/vt happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe -taati: - 4,r1unth l+:vd ybcat point B is larger than hl +i 1n arc4d,utbt--ayt::vat point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. Ifdjbx., z0qvx3xv rt21 the pipe widens to twice its origi0dtxqv3x,v z2. xb jr1nal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narroe+wrb :9.ho auws to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower sbahouwr9.: +eection?

State Bernoulli's pri0.i(gub h 3p 7o9 :dnub,at me6t )awvq5yxqd7nciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation o11 ggdi q4cnd/v+ /ss c4wr .8bthczh/f energy in fluids?t1s 8/g/vbq cdinzh. + 1wrc s4gh4c/d

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the:d3 kws hyrcm3+ i67pf pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at po i oo-f:4oq7yoint B is larger than o iooyofq -:47at point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Thl6+iaieno)cd2nc jrdanqxf 9crb*h:.1k /0 :is is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air re+p59mfg)s jmgsistance)9 g5j +gmfspm on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of rad n0 vwjed4yjddqz28-rj-:ca1ii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Wh:da1rw j8 jjcy0n-qed42dz -vich will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through 6 yw b* e:w h)agi1d(okoizww-bxh .4bw4mn83water, it experiences a drag forcezhwg y x4 8(a4 3wbkeh)iwb16.ond-:*m wibwo $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a nmlwtqj/q2-s 0tw zf)*./owxparrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the f/zmw q)/ t 0.q-*ltopfx jsww2low rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe jnptsh;4 ;0c1 qbcy0wprys7v3 i )v+f B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate) 0vtj r7cpni;30s ysb fpyh4; c1q+vw in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B iss3q za5v*w f(vezgbfa6,vv8w5im91r twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow vf(v6w*5m a8bvafsv53 g 1rz,iez9wqin both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. Thajngw5- 7aex iryy w t:cpf39;cv4u.t:p s.l5is "greasy" taste seems to be associated withitgtxec45y .py: svnw: a 39aw7.;jpurlf5-c oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is g0g bt)g+wobco5n :w7placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how highoo +t05bnb:w gc 7wgg) would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the wat tchs94sbv :l)6 /tmk wha0+pa:ve:swer bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Wvew w:s hltcs6tb+ha) p:4vkm:/9s0aater bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the watekuhrys(p (gaox* c,(-3m go 8cr bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upwardorp8((g gaokyhm-3s ,c*(ux c force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 c4m5lw) tqrx2+bj c m8zm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Whbl2j x8ct)4rzmqwm 5 +at is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What- :/8v:c 0qji jdwtegq is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures e0so/flz.6tc mk,4h j30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exertlm h4.e/jk f,o6zsc0t on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. fzdgw )c7xe6xzvicx :7:9(x4q3csun Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must y f1,1qbt 4/fwyvqpj)a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m inftwq 1 py4vfyq1jb/), the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameterfg9v;l :zxap-xfw9 2a in a submarine can withstand a maximum force9 ; xa :la9p2fwzf-vgx of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolut1m v)02h 8s dxlbkrzk;e pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of 8:k*.uwg ufs ;b+myhix:v +oqsea? (The d;v+ w fuui:g m:.b8+oh* ysxkqensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressurek0zefwf j2w o8hkq.4- at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of8wojf -2 .f0eqkh4 kwz seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. Thez1xo npn/6 0lk small piston nxplk n /z016ohas area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the largbqefu pzjm8+b 7-q6*t e piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in orderfm-bj7*q68bqt zp+e u to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What fi0wj (w uvv (kz i(:r8d+i8ahtorce needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter pisto 8v(t :i+u0aid w r(wjz(8vihkn to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lif*n5jl2 ib ho0vyx ;q:qt has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raisqqji ;by h0ov:xln*25es a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air andg+ sii3nhyc +g22bd4d 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of+g4dg 2s23c+ ibhniy d the water?

  An object has a volu4ky06w3mqx pe me of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid ironcnduw (zkr o y:4h+z/6 is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the striwo+ 6(/k4z:chnud zr yng? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold by* s jthlt g;re*h+zp3*4cv2 is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel05gx nec0r/xf 9c /cpp submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in vqlvju l73/ q*upq,e 5air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of the objq*uq, qv53lep 7l/vjuect?

  A container of water iey q0x,zj5lzys,x. q5 lintdrd4-8k0 ++hjcw s placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is + lktr-zwq0. jc5d80yxez jli+n,qdx5, 4h yssuspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg,j 9jxo;e a7g* k1ptrfrs k*d+ and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameterf. q2c)a a4fa:81ueh4k i3 ,( te4kukfkgjylz 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What ie1fg4ka :zu k4lu(q8ha2)4e, 3i tckjyf.kf as its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m longuj7 a/el6ioe8h x /)nc, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms o7lao)6hx 8unj /ceei/f mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the s wy8zf ocr)-2a t*f7fqrj;s*o urface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is z)sro -c;7frj2 tow 8qyf* af*the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume bene)*u)s2,w i v /wslndc; zix8roath the surface. What is the obje c/ri 8s d*snwx2, )vuo)z;wilct's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of t0jc m1c+jw+ :b ng:ctfhec0b+ft +mcc:n:g jjw1 water. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cktbw p (d(6.h/wyxq:ym thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support/(:kh6(btxwdwq y y .p the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm*51a6 xc: s 00angxdg/s qcpgj at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 1cm(qqb6fa 9x cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrictiona1 qbx9q(cm6f ?

  Water flows at 12 m/swbt+pi0: m.yuioe * w, in a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a p)h-sqw)dmq9 e ump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPas)- q )wq9edmh, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tabg,m0(yje- ,xy4 ec venk that holds water at a d( b0ye-ej4vy,mexgc ,epth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal jsxxlj j jnol: 59t1/59fob,1hw i4nf pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 neb+ geddzlmr+no5) 5x :v,- zPa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil)e5le: +n g zzdm-bvon,dx r5+ through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fattj*v 7vwc )-n*2ciyw2 ryixo5ty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a t*n5w r xcv7wyoiiv yc*j2)-2 constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. xr7u gm9xk-6 jf l ynzxz)127elt-t2lTube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise inly9mx e2kultfr6jxz - 1 2tgl-7xn7 z) tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.p; wz3l,x6j lhz*vzjmvjmy4f ;i -:d( 073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diametv x 6 :;j-m vdz3(j zim4*pljfw,z;lhyer 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 dego2)zxhscwby qzd vf9z,(m-va vz7 . 1*ree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wi7vv2zqz1.d*()wy v hobma f,zs9-cxzth a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of watekg6 r1e1d wc 9w6cb,ejr, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in196cw6 kj d e,rb1cewg the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of lengthxuo e(4c7-ixt 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/7 (tc i-eoxux4m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame j xi1q74o,osct3x d3 ahas length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is requir x37ixaqd o1,4t3csjoed to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?