The three common phas2o 5fh*u9 msfr(fw3 e3mh3y tdes of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density om n j9cd;lt/n+f $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of prespt j,ay j86 f*.3f ibmsyy6gty 4 y/s:62dspejsure?

  Consider three drinking glasv1jph7f e4(x qses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A 1q j4e(p7vhfx. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressgeana1 dcyw 9oq/6hn-z/g+2yures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happensngs p;c; ouu. a ,9woip3w5at z42b/1.lomijx to the absolute pressure at the b,ti4wpoja/o 1ul sgi ux5bn m.3apo; 2w;z.c9ottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool.jn)ej,v3p 6 r ia)mml:y:vtp2 If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface,itj, n)mvr:l3ype 6pv j2a)m: what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle.5 awtr legjb 97fq(8xs.wrm9i8mq/ 2b

State Archimedes' princnvn/hoyu41q ;.ro 6ji iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deepe).ayrkx m /zl3r into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant force o.r)kmy/x lz a3n it?

  Salt water has greater density: tsr xvcg6p61s)*vd le1ln*r than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greatevp6svxg* 16c:r)n*s relt1l d r on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh watgtlb7rx6qa. i) 8rlq9er. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in b t lrilgq.x)6a9q7r 8the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of merc/ 4b26qudhux3kp5 enuury. Where is the buoyant force on the bah/ud45pk3bxnu e2uq6 ll greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, rig. 6jk0dwd hx ie.p-(vtht next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force o .px6jv(dwehk .-di0t n it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of woodfe /y/zlix zx/gk6tf0q.;( c*up ra9m floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wor6 ak fuy/mx.qitzx;e 9gl*f 0 p/cz(/od, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second p110,clz ua 5ppwf)ueb iece of wood sits on top of the fir1c,a5 1 p 0uzub)weflpst piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger thaxfd8f:les52y rf0 2o ft(h8fsn at point A. Where is the sd 8xff(shrlfs e5y:8t2f f o02peed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the0qic n.c/,fy*xc n jsti1d2 y1 pipe widens to twice its originct nd. 1xf* sc01cy2i,j /iqynal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows t 6 *h e6om-ij7xpjak9co half its original radius, what is the flow sp j -eo79 ihk6a*mj6pcxeed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prinu0pcf t0) o;w5elo y)qciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of enm ,hssenfi.qr8.3 4 swbf/,tvergy in s /t nwf83.,fm e4b,hsi q.vrsfluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure ifqpi9,9n61 yr3 /ztw8re*iz yw rjrw;n the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of themg hn6p v5g12kr4)ld q pipe at point B is larger than at point A.5r lmd 4g)qphg1vk6n2 Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper,dd:/al,k idl3 uswre7j/8ln rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. T0vvt h9,ok55kb l4ezehe force of air resistance on him zv ktk5l05h4,b9eov eis

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a .co(gqu(s .h9zvs t4f7q7zqptall tower. 97z. z.fgp4ts7c q(qu(q vohsWhich will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of 7g181al+ +kopzk 0fd9b puff2 lph*a pradius r falls through water, it experiences a dr g0pf9pd1z*u b8fa+ofp+l1ka2l7k phag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow ofh+)c.tgtv(d jw;wrw wb -qv jo4* *t/u fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change vj)/w cwth +*rb*jd-(wtv.4g;t wuq oin each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes opqgdtcqc.c4.,q2 fc n7st 60are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipe .s 60pq t7gtccoc.ncqq,d24 fs. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as * 9l2wtg yot./xl iu6mpipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subjectutw.*29l ltmo ix 6yg/ to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems tokd1q5+: r e e1f;ovnbg be associated with oil spreading out all over the su:b+ofd g1qe r5v;1eknrface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a hta*q(-(6mm v/ ztalv beight h. Ifmab qvt*(z /va(t6l-m the diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the wa vqru49o9cf.g3-okq ,uj7 xgi( kew/fter bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as eofx. u /q9i3kk f79o(jgr gwvcq-,u4bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as 1 gfqf8i )e*omthe water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upf8)o*gife qm1 ward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has 3qol nk um;6rw:/swa bm/1c8ea mass of 30.0 g. Whkb1on;m3u:sl/ w8/r c ew qam6at is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. (z8cx hlk5o. z What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x dq2ip-j ru9o ;o m5.jq10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum d-jq.; 5pjr uoo2qm9i pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is sta0qb7pea3h7 s znding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 12b4rh*ft)lqcr b do*:/ 0.0 m in the r* )/:o b*fldcr4 htbqocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in nkvo9 9+ +ukgwro:..gp hn4s d(9 ilpga submarine can withstand a maximum force of h4 n9gpd+rvk9.oilk g wn :.(oug p+9s$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the abs+ )sxj ya0lay.olute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a lo.2/quf kt jbzz8uwo0-uu zi3x,d;pz6 cation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater is u/;wjx d-zu80iz u6,o.bfp 2uzqzt3 k$1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0/e1) s5obozeaz *ez2 yj;cpu 1 m below the surface of sea? (The density of1ze*csoauee ) z/joy;5b21p z seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pist1 j tmkg18sq+)dgtl ut4b2 uj-on of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has ar2 g l t-q4j8tkjsgdbu 1u)mt+1ea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a rl8i if ;tj:.iradius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What flij8i .ifr t;:orce must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle iszp);p iln6v3m to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston t p v;pmlzn3i)6o accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cy,pj;3 z4ezch3rbk( wm, and its large piston has a diameter oj34khcrwe3 z ;b y(p,zf 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. bp35x0t qkp- 0yhhnj3What is the buoyant force of the wkph3x5y0 nq- p3hbj0t ater?

  An object has a volu0ag9g7tit k5,u mcnn/me of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerg wax2co1wds3 1ed in water. What is the1cd21x as o3ww tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is ar-fqrz 9x+j -(k, ek,gt.lpa$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (d* e-*+kglqn1b*fk lkm ensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed wtyw (pzqs 23)2.c,5gnp nm sein water. What is the specific w2p,s53qp g.)enmcwt z (y2 nsgravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scaljxddc;xo+r-vs;bo72 g 2k.p u e, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from 72s; ;boxdkvprd c2oj.g u+-xa thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and density ofvrk3 ;(o cd dpph )3)jp(19uxyf ubz1f $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float ib0: zv+yx au ;vna6hw+n water. What is its myv 6na :xb zh;vaw++0uass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m lonofc*+atlix,h;b s 1 7n) vb oh3vxk55qg, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onftboi*15s ;hk 3x7 xal5on,cbvq h+ )vto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with havcey kmx*jg* 4qy ztfn8* z./(lf its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of t f8vyj(c4z t/.*y** m znqgekxhe displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneatnrnvk/4o xx82,ims;l )v5dg gh the surface. What is then v8 m45g,xoivk)2rslx/ dn g; object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths l v2sm 7loygp 89 ypj0ck6r57tof its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buortm67o5ljpg7k9 p y 0vls cy82yant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. Whatv/pr pa/:dgsvf2( h n. is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravitav2r/pv:fhs. ( nd /pgy 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow ratc(s f4,kihf:js5 *s8djg dms-lge,g7 e.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0+ykw ,qjx+.tm cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrictiq++yj xw.m, kton?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressu 9fm0bub,k b jh8,hkax-b 40zjre of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking dam,iyft- :-mfountain with 300 kPa, if the founttfa d,m:m-i-y ain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds u;n9 3xw3t+d7 taem jglyf:h3/z* ymfwater at a depth of 15 m. At what rate wil; 9tj h nm+ mfu:3w*lyz7dtf3e/xga3yl water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of +5dl-bzu-dx0uvlcptf 8* q ( ecross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. yzupp+k m:jtic -k;2-How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil throm-z:2-cu; +piyjk pt kugh a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an ar8i58ek5o aql.o cn wbw3ez:rk8t:+ rhtery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increa58qcoez3 +88r 5wowie:t k :hnr.a blksed to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the din6czv0d5r l8ht-tc8f l ok5 *sameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tutr 5- sl508cdfo8 cnz6hlkv* tbe B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capill1q(rbry yw/p o,,,r scars (qoy brycr1rp/,, w,y tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsi:yjdx rlu,w2( us rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter ( yr2jdx ulw,:of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically ino3/:*pihb y;k4xb kxn a pan of water, and the water rises in the tubnk* ; 3y kb:4bxixp/ohe to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length e5r 0qpgp pt. sfa-xlu 2. (k;ocm/q9q0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, fcqm0oeqk/x. 2p lu.;gp- 5p9q ar(sthow much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and kip1/ vl5*li2q t6vrjis built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soa56 lkv/piqrt 2*1jliv py water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?