The three common phases of matter8m 9:vx(f7/xp i:y6lh; xxv uqron8lz are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitc;.pui g*a o0gy of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of presopdt ,no .dmwb:)f 4tdz bm733sure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and0skmbs uto*2m 7ijt4: all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at t7 tjsim b*suo24k0m:the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outsideit0cj zcubp, w41-w me) t qd()xkv-c0 a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changesx0di73;hg8fx;5 y65;p wov hpzu kkbm, what happens to the absolute pressure at the botto5bi6k px0m h;p;d ovh5 uy8zf ;g3xkw7m of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath thejvi fih6*/c 5o surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens t5fc hii6/o*jvo the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principkpxtm*lh w ,n63c);ykle.

State Archimedes' principlevn6e v*7j35q)rck7f;kewd e (a qq7fl.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water olu3m1t *guyb *f constant density, what happens to the buobgyl1u um*t *3yant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floatlvxu62ejj iyc x(:,v .4b9gu1dhr (jks in both fresh water and in salt water. Where ie(rb: gjc6lv.k(vj124dhjiuu x x ,y9s the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense thahpdykqs2v l.2 ;bki8 ;n fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to tkd i 2b;h.2;sykqpv8 lhe fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercur3es(fda6am)*kh.oyi (e2jsd ot8 )ajy. Where is the buoyant forc)sos)kdf3 ajj(8m.2(h o dtieaa *ye 6e on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at ta*by1gtf /8wg he bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant fa1 w8b*tfyg/ gorce on it?

  A piece of iron rests rh) l8o2zt3zo on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from tz83o z rh)otl2he wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top oft57 ,i3z ighjy the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in ii7ytzj g ,35hthe tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the cs m2 zv2ctii+)2 xjz.pipe at point B is larger than at point A. is.)2t+mcj2 z 2 xivzcWhere is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal piao hd23s;rtksp l2 ;nz1vbz93 pe. If the pipe widens to twice its21vlt; ab3sdnz;orzh2 s p39k original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in auhk,otf oyk 317bmq2j/nrd:e*/ vp 6s horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrowerj/eybv7m 2 o:h1kr*f ud3/tksnqpo,6 section?

State Bernoulli's pr,-o bh9u. qnqqcml-n+ pqk17vinciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of e- dvuli w;1bl)nergy in fluibl)ul-vw1 d;ids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increac4bvqs+.)v/asg s e 3q+-vpolses, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at poink2/2x wvgorc:bkc 9+1rc7u 5 o1 unxxzt B is larger than at point A. Where is the ko2 c2zg7couru91n 1+5 c xxk:/wbr xvwater pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is b ()rw z4y9uqhfecause

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal 9f, ;jd; gludqvelocity. The force of air resistance on ;fgludjdq;,9him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii lmam h n; isql,r9(*n:R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Whi l(qhnrl;*:nsm m,a9ich will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experience ,r;pr/k ow w,iqlh a,jtj4n,)ex+zd)s a drag forcjoai,jw ) ,tw+n h,xrr4kepl)/; q z,de $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe lyy0,8xtb v-p,3 bj +g9;isje9zp 7sfpxvj2n? That is, if you made a 10% cp bb ;2ej9 j yx9vvpt 0sif7+x38,,pjzysgln-hange in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe g,+d/os ov+k pB has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes,po/v gsk+d+ o, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes: nyyq9k bnl:* have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes vis:*nyk9qln yb :cous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it+a7-etk-cpvr xpsl. ju f0a(b6q 8u;f often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little gkftp-e7 lab-. vu r q(p;fux sj68+a0clobules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. Ij0hp naez j.+b -ar2r5f the diameter were half as great,e j.rbz-j0ran5+2a ph how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water cml7h5jf* 1nkbug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of buh nm7jcl1 k*f5g B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiyiz ;42ne7i - aw0,bh f.mcwtyently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible becf-hn7,y0awce z 4b y.i;it2mw ause the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 ck v2as8f qgt2;m x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Wha282qf ks gvt;at is its density?

  A liquid has a specif,u iyg y3suulf+/u0l(ic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, aj )5j .rghfb8nnd measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert .fn58)bjr hjgon a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoeb/,i.swfy kv9c y95tos. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarino0f-q;.,x gc r8wtra y 43mttxe withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in rox4xy;t-08 fm aq 3.twgtr, cthe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a mapniw :2zdk)05xz2 zjeximum force oze d :zpjwxz52ik) 20nf $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 354p8d0v yowx(bi a8z x00 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of seajtbn/lu1 s0-xwe,e w0 ? (The density of seaw1/xewsul0 0j b-net, water is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute prm qyfqng:n a+p,3n2j+ qkg8 j2essure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The dej8ak nmq +2 3q,n f2+ggp:jqnynsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pisg7y g 8/r1oxactoogg8/ xa r7c1yn has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm a; t+uncf m(7rxnd the large piston has a radius of 15ux(mc7+ rtf ;n cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What fpdv4;v/ avi:f4hs/ t force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston tidhp 4tv4/f;v/sv:a fo accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydrauli:uiky7e9ejl+ tlp3,xxq s(n1c lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises aqs (p9:lxj ei1nl7,y3uxe+t k load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. Wec1:frhf, 4 sz- dj6a0nn5 nusl43gelhat is the buoyant force of the water6-u1 n4al0,:sflghz sr 43efn5j ncde?

  An object has a volumepx6i dszi ntle3j,; ;ko gp*-+ of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supportedxc,mlx,o3r:b by a string while submerged in water. What is t ,c:x,brox ml3he tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i ra.p;du 2bmaw vv9pue3+a9e7 s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a stee dt hk;l9q 69)wq7lfaal submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in wa l9gxxhkw/slbe e-kokyr(k 1.0 (*f(-sih(agter. What 9lshb axo.(iexk- -k/lgskeygw h1 f((* kr0(is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is plntyzcf) x21n /aced on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravix2 nznc)1/t fyty = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass n ejlp1g n 7lg9(o,ft* twti-.fy h5e7 z9dqd+of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just bar):ui pmzd8smu* i b8i;ely float in water. What is ii bi)zsu 8:;p8m iu*mdts mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m dizo/my(7hnq 16x -g 6vkz sr/7+xx uhwide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before q /ndr7 g/kx(y6i-7x x 6m +uhzov1shzit sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The q:lc;b4g )kn2 r wyf1cn(qc+c weight of the displaced wq)ybr gnn2 c+ql ckc1f;w :4(cater is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the so ; zna4w e/7+)oz.pdph)pcyburface. What is the object's wp c)d7o) 4.pza ezp;n/yho +bdensity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of*7 m3kde u rb qcn/wc2r8/2snf the wae7c82fksrucd3 *nnwm qb r/2/ter. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is xqn/5 au) yrd af11s9sthe minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specdsuysa/na 9rf q1)5x 1ific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 :u)lq v0( xxalcm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.09 j j;-tdld w,arfyd8-fz3b .qgk3o+q cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this rg d3t j9ayqowl38 -q;dbfk,z-df+jr .estriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/r3hhser);t c: s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain-i)uo mc1tma. with 300 1- uamto )icm.kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank dv-c 7ja-tyv0 that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water fl7avdvcyj-- t 0ow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional a 1 huqia75 ck*e)bim.urea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it t+pgvr2lp xe/-w*1f uoake to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel wit uop vlxpw/ ge-r1+2*fh a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up7ehd)4ze yz72mo z in;f,:3-qjl y nlx of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to en27 yfjihezn4zl ;zx:l y73-d, q)momaintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice thn yc-jtv3ycrx 4j6 trd6ou+.1e diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high w4-xry6 cjdv uyro t3 .1j6+nctill it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. Hoeljrxwr -tu 0*9e6cz3d*vcx: w high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2u :*xjlwe 9v3t *rxr-c 0edcz6 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius ri0mj kye4eqi bmcua 4 z.7i-8w/se in a glass capillary tube with a diam4/-wu7 c em 8yz4.i ekami0qjbeter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan yec,ntz/5t7 wks mvt)9pl 46sof water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above t t67kmnpcs ,9)t l5twsz4vey/he level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m z(e(c;,ngk bj with a soap film formed within its confined k(c en;gj (b,zarea. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is builtx(gyp+hg -s(kh yr;0-tmz3k.c6snukd 3w t2s in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the f ;km62xhtsyn( cd+p g0.-t 3yw(3srhk-g zuskrame is 12 cm square?