The three common phases of matq kt zckvs-d,duup(9( f/8c1zter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a denlx 027jd pt ze6(8odilsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is iyjk)svk l/s)v5kliym *x, 1*:l xe+knot a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have 1e0o nr/5z dxx5k 1qgfthe same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass Bg1fz 1rd 5o/05xxknq e is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside )2.fgs 1f3j ou m*ohxna tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure ch4(n,cn 3o;t,t6q e;i ssccqbh anges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a posnts,4h cnq;,cbo3(;ce6 t iqol?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the i t/zdjt *m-e bl6se+fh,ig ry4r/g83 surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m benea3 ,i6edr f-tge j+ h*gmi4 /zy/btslr8th the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle.1ds r pwn0)0qs

State Archimedes' principlew4vm64 . ,f vuzou/xvw.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of const1p(wg4l : penqant density, what happens to the buoyant fop :lwnqp1 4(egrce on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floatsc25 mu54 w0)xxujqxhd in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is txx w2m d5 )5cu4qjxhu0he buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats tlncd0q e u-/;in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt wenc -; uqt/dl0ater is

  A steel ball sinks in water but f hpl c;u02 t;vg1wla(eloats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball1;c2 lgv lu0t(ha;pwe greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the botke apuj+ fx-+6tom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant -axu6k+ej+ p fforce on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top ofbjv y8 f8-f;mo mw5zc9 a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the8 8mwzcfof;b vym5j9- wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of qbyan.k.rww :2yn67t the first pi :bnk6y qnatwyw2.r7.ece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger tri). :z*gcpum)zn c w1han at point A. Where is the sm1nc* )rzu. gc:z)iw ppeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widene y+8gv*c.0z1 g ksvhtz7hh,rs to twice itsh*hkvschg80e,y+r 7 g1t.zv z original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pza,t;21xmix vipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is t; ,ztviamx1x 2he flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pr0i0n1rb2w hpnxkv lz 2 w./(hminciple.

  Which one of the follownh 0lwl ea.xt4 /*yz2ying is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fl /a4xzlte.2h0 ynylw*uids?

  As the speed of a moving-.hbh j n)ke3y fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The dia3didr7lc(9 b dmeter of the pipe at point B is larger than at bdcl3 i79d (rdpoint A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rise hlc51nq8 9ar vc9idz6s. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force ofm oz1tztm0 d,;4wotus9b/+ vf air resistancfz4wu9bz+od;t/s t 1 v0omt,me on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are releayz/h 7 /9 kqjv,/eqivhsed simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the groun9qk/, hvqi/ jhz7e/ yvd first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r fac80y 5.45vo exgppa0v2;lt vfyof fu6lls through water, it experiences a drag foruo pp50e vt8v y.6;gx 5o0flvyaf4 c2fce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the qtwk/ 7cz(j 4jflow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, cjqk/ (j4tw z7if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the sa2 if)ba )ctfqvf5ph47 nw )pu9z1wge +me length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference aw e7g)4vpn+ w) tzb)52 1 piffcfq9haucross the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes pud1lqby. ews+q t+(gvzb;n5c+s + ;yn p,io3have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in p.3,vwnqd sb;+( ; +un slb5y1oqt+y+zeg cpiboth pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "gre9blk3oa6) 3ik 35h24nisev m /ljrxvj asy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, inste339lxbihv njoakk2lei3/ v4 5sr m) 6jad of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water uk/:f m/2advk rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great/ad2:k/m kvfu , how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, ap2fr6-ks0vvs re sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Watep2vfrvsk 6-0s r bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficie: u *ec:lkcucadaj 9c9b/4j/mntly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on m9*4c:9 a/ ljjc uaebck :duc/the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.0knd2 +,9rhrhgt hs03u 0 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its dehhs3k0 g9hn ,2+turrdnsity?

  A liquid has a specific gravi /b1(ezr iojsekf88d5ty of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm xbq s19r,o yh9w 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a hor w9oyh1q,9r bsizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowsw*rb-c onmve/t80a mp). rtv:uz l:h+hoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 fjvi+, fxg4i9s87szxr t7y) i u0b5 anm in the oceansvy,uaxr sxi 7gt)0zb+f 9f i8457nij?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submari t,28, vxcod 3h*ecauyne can withstand a maximum force oxcu*83yt v hdoa 2c,,ef $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if t;.).tfuwu/ i.vr/g r:olwb w lhe absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge prem -bmj-he qz9 1./couvssure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawatere 9ocq./j -mu1-b mzvh is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressr(dut)* 0xthd ure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The dt)*0dd(xur ht ensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small:owr2hyjct*3njrq :*m8wuoeju: h 05 piston has area 0mq8whr 5*hu2 j:3*orujo:w:t yj nec $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lifzgdow+k-fj;:k2 *tbf .koz 7yt, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the sm7k +;d*jo2yfkbz f: gk-wto z.all piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to 9.va 6nx gim9qbe lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston9viga .9xq6mn to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a d+6ugap- ts bnb 34iuy9iameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 uit ubg s96npb+y3-4a cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weig7viqabt fd4ty/op6 /5 hs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of/t 75 /tdoby iafvq6p4 the water?

  An object has a voluxum s:3gb w.:bme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submero +b3rvgg sn-.ged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)og+r.nb3 g -sv

  If the density of gol8h/h 3h-wc/d;ph h4kx wwa8eu d is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steehmy* nawo56:hni9g7ul submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is imme86 ya2 vbozlloy d ei7*7+i)zursed in water. What is the specific gravity of the objecevoii7z78b 6ly+a2y u* z dlo)t?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a p3dpl6i:m::42js6j lak ewai20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended f6l2 el3 :ajiksm i pjwdp::64arom a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum qx 86d28d yrdxwith a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameterc vkf:- s b +daa1ousf554lr8h 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is s8 s5fcv1ub4rah+a k of5-l:dits mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wid.gdw i9dxa7g6 s4v h.be, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be sg6gd .dbh.7i 49wxavloaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The rk.fkcf l(t2 59q3icu weight of the displaced watkk2qr u i3fl 5cf.9(cter is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourthsxe j+9zuv .q ig(-x8jhugu1 -y of its volume beneath the surface. What is thqjxuv-+ h .1y g8euxgz uij-(9e object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with thr p xiob+ /2.ivivse/8uee-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoy8u viiv/eiobpx 2s.+/ ant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm trt0 n0i(9wrm mhick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwam9mi tn(r0w 0rter of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/sb*rbi:)cmls j t ,e0(.lblds,. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm dia59 ;.ysdza j4onocl;l meter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in tjs95 4lc.oyzlnad; ; ohe line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe wo66pjglwja wsscg :0f1z3xf .*zni:+ ith a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take fok dd3thrbixxa ;,6v9 (r a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 (36h,vair dx 9 kbx;tdm above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in qm-eg7( /v i3af1b+ j7srrmdqthe bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out o7r(b-7 e +sqmfdvj/3gq1 aimrf the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-s2osowzb b*w2u ;i k/nh7p+,rd ectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would itx rte;o(wdlz +bm9e /7k l8f2z take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funneko ;t8dmze 7 9+r/(xb lewfz2ll with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreay 2*sq(iom( ewsed the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to*2swq oeymi(( maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A ,5:x- fpg x(2gkpzsdwhas twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B? sxx(pwzpfk-,2 :gd g5

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high4-ew57 swu* -dpy 1ici -vwoet will water rise in a capillary tub4w-u*io-dt 7ipvysw- c 1w e5ee of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glassbv3;krkp(kbvu2 t)0j q;d0 ns capillary tube with a diaqn2;dr 0spj;k vu 3(0)ktvbbk meter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water ris8u;ror qr ,l 7c i*wwnnrjq* c, d+1kebpqn1:0es in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value bwccd,0ok+ e*p7 ,rrr:b ;1*8 nqj uqq1nln wiry the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of leno:ud .4ptpcvr z:+ 3nvgth 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600du::zcrop4. 3vpv tn+ m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is buib4 0nc1t6 6;gcabyr r8bp+ rcjlt in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 r8c1c; n arbg cybp64+t6r0jb N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?