The three common phases of mat(s(b:wqf k+ is,j9u lyter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a denep4tzs220 y. pmqp px)sity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a t6 s.7-azc7jmgr 9 nhnxg5o,jz (ghi ,unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three havei(;tmi;x k2q ;bi hdb -a5o.ae the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top thanqita-;ba;i k.(5omh x eibd 2; at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire callr v ;y tnqkqkc x/8/51guka8x,ed?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happwegc iypyo+(;m,;3n)x8k r iz ens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a8m;z),+yykigeocip r3; ( nw x pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. I0 b)s)c r7kqvqf you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens tk c0q )qvbs)r7o the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle1fptq/ikv1 r7kjx0)fs a hns5. 8ks :6+ytdwa.

State Archimedes' prit+ e)gqydcq+0 qica44nciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper 7p1sb5/e8go; od n rdvinto water of constant density, what happens todovp;org 5 s7ne/8 1db the buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greateqz 0uph1;xw/5os vhf(r density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh watepf(;h s /vzwxuq501 ohr and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than f.y5ju wnv isuj 4t71j(resh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced v5.ujj t4 1w us7y(njiin the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in watexaw-h q0 -g/khr but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the bala h/ hkq0xwg--l greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom g 0qejo(z1s5lra) j 4bof a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has te 4l (qb g0zsjaj1o5r)he greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a batw3x dbg7 j+0j 2uqnb 4i-ywc*ohtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in tn40c j7 ibw-o g3xwdy*2jqu+b he tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on topho sr4 clb7ne+s12c.s of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is 1oc4 hnsb.7ser s+cl2taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipedtk5 b -cc)y*u at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the wtccbkdy u-)5*ater greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the w ;j8lyxsqg07p * rm,vpipe widens to twice its s ypv,;lgrx7w* mq8j0original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipd4 sn5ub9,k z n4fu3uye narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speeb,9 35uz4 nfudus ykn4d in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prifjn1s*xk5pfp v) y2g,nciple.

  Which one of the following is a5zdc;9zj*d 1w 1d;vpr sx hnu9ssociated with the law of conservation of energy in flui1wxc 9n5 rsd;zh;z*uj9 1pvdd ds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid in*wkx6d q59f oucreases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diamet2z.6n qvub.l*gg; -jx+u8yuw,wo w j fer of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greao nj.vug,g;jb+u ww- l86*2wy. x ufzqtest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the d cqav/ q6m:p4bc(5vj paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air a4fqin)5v8 ed ziz0q c 5n,.ipxt terminal velocity. The force of air resistance on him 5 )izzdfp8x0q ivn4,.enqci 5 is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R,kjgji-qp 2 i:36/2ntcwea6z w9:b ga r are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reaci -c9gt3e6 azpq g w:jibarn:w26j/ k2h the ground first?

  When a small spherical * btqado gq9.bo:lp+cj- 6-;hvi ,ask rock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag forcegvhj;-sq-kbqab6 + ca:, 9tpo *.odil $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid to.y kqzdkg m5dz/)d8 5hrough a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would c5/yg8doz )qk dkzd.m5ause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipesx -0 rdrc 4fkrj d/3m4f/ywk,b are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes,,-mb jxdk rw3f4/kdrr/ 4yc0f subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as lona-y i fix 8:s7kfl1vr*)nz1hw g as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pip v7a y1kl*frsnhfxi-8wi): z1es. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes grea448 gykxuqktwv/d:3z-yx kj6 sy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globule4uz:- k vjkdygyqt8x x/634wks. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a9nwo0gyp- ;(box4 m 7i ogql2y height h. If the diameteriyom9x4wl2 ;g -gbq(y0po7 on were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweightyz (0iyh3fw*(d j dy+i that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as b y *hz(fydwjyd0+ ii(3ig as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweighqee t2qqt iw9d)2op:y+ 1jc8tt that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twiceq)qcej1qw8t 2po 2:e+di 9tt y as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensioniem y 1e9 9-e7a9hqsq3nrctp 2 +epq,ns 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What ier2 p q9+nm yna- eqs91,ecqpt9i37eh s its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its denbkfi9n/py 9 ypvx5(m6 sity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 c 2ilbx4p0 tl0dm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal su4d0 lxtpl2bi0rface?

  A person weighing 900 N i+um0-i5e gp.vcr6hr z s standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must ov0)ov u1bwvjsno48-. sgrv; a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ovos-oo4v;0v b)ju8 nr. 1g vwscean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximu tw id(c+s)+arf6*eoum force of +c(urosae 6f d* t)w+i$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure- +s)7scfcgl k)mia0r is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a loc th w)2,nfpx 6vi0w.pgation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawate6nwwit0), ph 2pgxv .fr is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m belovzmo)qmz r7* 4w the surface of sea? (The density of serz74m*omqzv )awater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small ppfr/ eyz2n 0e4iston has area 0r2f pe/zey4n $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0sz:i/e8er s 7ffmn o7taj*z27 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force m ie /a2oj7m*znfs7trfs z7e 8:ust be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. igryz.tt9. i7yfph 43a +o/jgjx8a ;y What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piy9ot4t8 +r / ga pxf3ijy.a;. j7yghziston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameb ha05573pl*ktuxk xster of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lifx 75 lphu0skbtak5x3*t raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant forg:o tijz+sbk z(1yxfai5 f7 ,7ce of the water7a+b:1koyzg i 7tisf( jxz,5f ?

  An object has a volume of r3ik-g 3w(gt1hra1k+g 3u01m1voy n/iyupbc$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a s:86t:r jee )+ofo 5a t*vqzsl+ub v+tm4pfr+ etring while submerged in water. What is the t s+:oep8tz+j5 *)6 a+fu 4lfoer:vbqtv mre+tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is a-:9/ ul tl: jwxnt:swhju8j5$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarineohz ajd/sjydq0p8hhsm.s m06z0l29)r 5; qd e (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N w/jtqk4 m7t xz)hen it is immersed in water. What is)tj zqtxk74/m the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. xhx2t rn.c/un x6mp,t4ds pr7vo n)70Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the ct.px4 sun/v2nt)x6, 7xphd 0 o rn7rmwater, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1,uzkls50( 8k9vsj w rke v,(b 5se4dlk.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diaml )5bi-4p ru 6ru6cwfaeter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What ispb5 r 4lr-u fcwa6iu6) its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measurea:,5 q g/jhd)qk nup4ss 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How masq jn qk4 5)a,ug/phd:ny kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half itf5r3qbly+c,c(s axn 8s volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of thc8+5bcl qn,3frxya( se object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volafft sfs9m3hx)ku9 v:q )xo23ume beneath the surface. What is)tqhf k9o)su9vf:s ax 23fx3m the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surf9/(iqwq y j )+sc3vlrmuudb 7(ace of the water. What is the buoyant force on the object u/ qjqw(mvs 9(3luir7c)db +y?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stancmsb3vy0i( j;s(/ eaxds on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will justicma v/sb( 30x;j(se y support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. )mi;y4lm ze5a ku i(,7yfumg(gc 3 e-pFind the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diawc-bq/.7o z qc .2,/wpktc gtdmeter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this req/ 27go- .dktcp bwc/qtw,c.zstriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a prebjfu + 64sldy4/ m,qyqssure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with tohqo tv ),5ke8*rbj 1ty c-p-300 kPa, if the et)hkyt-*o- r1c bvqj p,o5t8fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank thatgp xpslu47 +c1 holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow osp+pxgl71u c4 ut of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional ujwd.xqut(hv f *dshkww *s5u604; 3v area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it ta dw(/f1o,*mye;dubq ike to pour 4.0 L of oil throug/dbwdfuqio*m(,1 e ;yh a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall ofimj+;*wm3rjh-.,z x a:g r nsy an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the hea:y+mzw*nxamsr- i;hj jg, .r3rt have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pa1* :pxow /gikln of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube xog:w/k 1i p*lB?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high hf8h tpcu46yg mu*3ii/w9mcscy7b (7 will water rise in a capillary tumyyf/ bct7uhi6mwi3s(p g7c9u ch4 8* be of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water8 v, :*ay h(gkl6vahlg at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter va,(kyl ag* gl 86:hhvof
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is plaxu23lrdd;f wen39 ou 4ced vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid39ud xrdwf2 lo;n e43u is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of lengdamuq/ r (),xgpk1 dd)5hugb,th 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film) rk/a1u d,pu 5 (gbmq)dxhgd, formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangularr1p ehg7 bb0(avcmr9 .ynck2j. x. dw+ frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable lo0c 1vxb( 7hr cdgrkjw ..2eampy +n9.bng side so that the frame is 12 cm square?