The three common phase y6 dx:j46vej axsvw;8s of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of7 a zwym:43k 0qsnnchtg /k9f3 $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is n -l76qsx/ g.jo bww9atot a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking - k7ht8 dkev:75nuc8 zb *ezubglasses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrocbt ekbn *-z5h8 7 :uuk87evdzwer at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference beh3mj i.z7q(z0tjdf4h tween the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressur-kn8zi1 a,n+nf (rjure at the 1uar k,fj-+inrzn8 (n bottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dik+ vcudb n 6+:lj +c3xkv8+fivin(6tb ve to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the 38til cf+b ick(x kn6v+b +:6+vvdnjuabsolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle.zl8woot80fm-f p;p xiuy:h8b). q( pc7fn 1 nb

State Archimedes' prsyckq gl( icl3(8, w5uinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densisfczfi21ec gk1g9w(1ln 8ty,7j di z.ty, what happens to the b ic fedt182(wgc.ysil 9,gjz 7nz1 f1kuoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floatq;d1ca (t r( hfno9bxe)1n *v: x*mmbes in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is xhmmft1vod(*;rn cq9b)ea 1 enx(b*: the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A sh2 botmnq5gj t2 i5/t 7f8z1gdgip floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water j8qdb/5 n2m5it2tto 7gfg1z gis

  A steel ball sinks inhsr20u ewm(z(/0mld7 )kg e wx water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on t0xu ms/ 2l(e( e g)k7wdmrh0zwhe ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of alum gumi7+ce;( j+mlzw)e inum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the g)m e+lj;( cwimzg +7uereater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of fa-xz3 priy/4a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happensx-zpriya3f 4/ to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sit7/la05oh9g hnyuczwd)d4 2aa s on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is take5 2g7)l0a/nh4 wddo z9 yhaucan off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger thgk ph02) g*71uq zpuhh4v ez1han at point A. Where is the qz0 ug h4pp1e zh) g*kv721huhspeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe:8m zwh8z 4veleca9-i. If the pipe widens to twice its originaleh4 e 8z:m9wzc 8v-ail radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to g/; x:gs/envkhalf its original radi : kge//s;gnxvus, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princ a;ckd-p +04oum ti8pxiple.

  Which one of the following is assoct ajvk) jf:q-) x0gyieie r+63iated with the law of conservation of energy 6 )eej+t g3y i0vjf-:ar)ikx qin fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the fluvuplglkok;0q**)z yit.q . (aid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at po9r* mwor udrzih.). ftfgr /,)int B is larger than ar.g 9 ohr*rm/riw) )fd .ztfu,t point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Thxu(s7w-qw 2wc 6lfykt4yid - (is is because

  A sky diver falls through the air a9fs) bl2 o7g6 qu(:h id(h 7ymrbfja8at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance on hi(ffm8hbbaa:dqo9g 7yhr( l )62iu 7jsm is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2*+ ohn**ma.pfh mrs 0,qt5p;g,qaeq dR, are released simultaneously from a tall towerq*sna0m, hqt g5qodm,f.**;+pa hpre . Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius c)ler :od nr)l edt:2p0qv/1br falls through water, it experiences a drag force ldl vtrbe n:r0)q2po)/d1e :c$F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That zybrq3/v6 -plis, if you pq -v3/ryl6bz made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the 67ewqq gdebtiuu e)y63:x+eo(.f x q.diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes eyuqeofx g+63 d7uqwq6 )e.tb.xi(e:viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is )ps)fk -lo85sxz5tyj twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both-y5)5k)to ps xjslzf8 pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes grea r 6jh54rm0d nrqy358ueyoa3 fsy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in lit3y6ynja rr4qo5rfm8e0u3 5dhtle globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a heiv vy8fm0fgiq4+:6bh dght h. If: +q4h8f6dyv 0fmbivg the diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently ligh dyu /(qgoax ;6+imt,mtweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is6o(;,qy+ im/axmdu gt twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficientlv)lco/l mydy(9dn o ;6me6og6 y lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the mvmcl 66edd6l ng ;o9y) (/oyobug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensia k-5cqlks f- 9sa-u(sons 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Wh(- 9cuf- 5aqslsakk-s at is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densi 9c-0xy;jexh;-2 ge urk;lzzue- p fe;ty?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 136 74h iuqxihq0.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surfax3qiq6 47h ihuce?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing 5o:kr;eno ;bgv/ph e d akt4/x5gk);fon snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at ar2aj2ay* h)ao depth of 120.0 m inhay*a2o a2) jr the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diamete.:/lm/ xdynyotlvp (/nrlpcgu7 (u(/r in a submarine can withstand a maximum forceu7/lpy//gdxcu my /t .llpnv(((onr : of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure ise(ne:5 eeq:g z 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m belowr;bdy: ,y,6; b nnsebw the surface of sea? (The density :yw,6 nbbrbs; deny, ;of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute p ayf-ka7trlp :(hnn3e4 5sgg9ressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seth9k 4gf eg-la7py rsnan5(3:awater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of48ay3bnuqyrl2 z6qepq s;ww )rt -;h ; a hydraulic machine. The small pisto s;p tw 368b;u)are4yn2 h-yrlqqzq;wn has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5*srnrhz*o nt7 8*j v9x.0 cm and the large piston has *rjznv sh rx*nto79 *8a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piss,wc77fq; ti cs d07emton. What force needs to be appliedq7t,e d7i f cm;swsc07 to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a wl yp ,c-g:f)udiameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a d)p, -g:yl fucwiameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in watpzw5gsb.9w dn-*t *sq er. What is the buoyant forcgs tp*9.*- 5qzbw nsdwe of the water?

  An object has a volume of ntw.z3ldtk4 u3,zqo5 $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported byzs3 cv;eu9nzrg8v73 g5b e/jv a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specif3rcnvg8e;vvbj z/ gzu 953es7ic gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of goldoxzt 7cq1, :4eznv 2j:qvhur / is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel subma 3eru 4vyiqx2*rine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in aim055 : 2jd6 hhvpxgmajr and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the smmjx0 j a:65hhg2p5dvpecific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and thf- hv fv ht)cz8b8c0*)39 mgbbft h;yqe scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is 9b f)fc8b)f htvzq8mcgh-;tybh3 0 v*suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0f49t:5k iwy4 ovnjg+m kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diamz: w9dph )/gnneter 2.0 cm will just barely float in w9)h /pnw:dn zgater. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 yx+b74 mjsw4 uwum3- dm wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto smuyw 7jub4-4wm3xd+ the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with c/(h*v juj6 8jfj o61w+pjvujhalf its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What ijocv juj+/j (6* jj68hwupvf1 s the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its dk 6 7:mj7tpalvolume beneath the surface. Wham:l 6jkpad77tt is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with tht5kzg*u6:gp* +c jgihvq-r-b h1- xdzree-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What ish- cgg b 1-zvz:rjk+p5- htqig*d6u*x the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is2bosmkg;38 k lhn2su8 *7ol kp the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear s klh3p* 8sog nu2mlob78kk;2in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.3 (w kf 48pwh1fapqrf*4of*vh

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe atr(/j;j u lzn 8wtt4rv, 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter r ut;8rw(jv,z/l4jtr nestriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s 3+sa)b n.ke;vrf 5xp rin a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountainevn3l2f,)cco s;dou4 with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 feno) 2ovl3 ;d,c4csu m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the vcoiwk*hx7f me3 ckos2( 99v7bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will xkwkivsv9 c7 h9e co(7m23of*water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross; ct-amu.nn+6x,vm.(tt d/x hze sj5 y-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long wouldqj52rar0 xzf675u g4(wwn4lf4db ohj it take to pour 4.0 L of oil throfo zr7 42lfwwgr 5d x54h0quj( 4ajnb6ugh a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of: 6j98vuk)-ac rwf uigd+yx0h8s7elo fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be inc0rel-gxh9 fk+:u v8 w j7c86is)y udaoreased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diamet7ud8m b0(u6q qk/ afviv5,qzser of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high wikvv5u8afd,( u6 7mq sqbq/0 izll it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water z3q2hm7:jp dfoui): :g9h ft dis 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mm?3pdtf)h u 9ho::7 z2fim:q dgj

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Cel+/k; n(o;.yhxmxbq g zsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter of(n+/.;yxk ob gqm zhx;
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically ink4v7u-o 3zb7nud9q 9ib4mmcx a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original valuedk3 b4xm9ozu4bmu n97cq-7v i by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.6.e) 8xu4zz jvtk0g 3zg00 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how mezg. x0kgu tv)j4 z83zuch force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, a if4c pgsfd+y us 0(r2+5meu8a*zby 0and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides0c4byafu0(p 2rsy +fesd 8*zuia5+ m g can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?