The three common phases of matter qs9oya -vb)ay1zia--t8u z e.are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densi*b3*hz chzi9xk4s /*mn+g+ :cech qsa (fl3avty of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit :j,k /dfrxs 1nof pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the 306jbag6lg.jse :ypnsame area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top.0l3 jspy ajb6eng: g6 than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire call7jxm0bwk)vscu x(hfv m r6*98ed?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, wha/,bplxb e*,x0w 0sq aqt happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom ,e* bsqlbp x/w,aqx00of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of asshiu1vo1z x/ ;vec:b(. am isk4,5tl pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happensomx;.ts(4a hl:1/ 5viv zkcui1sesb, to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principa gva0nhmn,t1f*r 8 fsdl( 51rle.

State Archimedes' principle.hl8k4ine+vc xoi/08 g

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper inc;.6 .cnu plmxto water of constant density, what happens to the buoyant forcecl cu.n. xm6;p on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. wrwke)v3 py 4+A boat floats in both fresh watyepwr43kw) +v er and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in bo(sg9 v-dqlo9mla/k d *th fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of do*g-d9q sml la9k/ v(water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Wherevfy2k w *t1,ct is the buoyant force on the balltf wycv1t k*,2 greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the t1:o /)*)lap h wuytxobottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece o*lth )oyaw: p/)xo1ut f lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of,d*ra/dmr z6qpci ).wk:8p y r;s 7rbx a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to thc zd*ps;r 6qp x ri78r).adb:wy,mrk/e water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wr4mj -;llc/ ylood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level- 4rjlm/llc;y in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe atlp ix*v y;p k1zo+nhxpizjk0( +5r, 2l point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of*yloxz+ nk+k 5i0xppz hi21 ;j l(,rvp the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens tov6p-5h ovh1dq twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider v56hpv-o d hq1section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to h 45dgxwd(ka ,oalf its original radius, what is the flow spo5g kwx4d,a( deed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principl0n c b2,i r(k7naja eoshq:r3rf. k f4:b4l2fbe.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation0pjhit-0rf,+cj4 nn 6 vihus5 of energy in fluv+- n uc4,r0iftp6hi jjh0ns 5ids?

  As the speed of a moving foln wvh ;osr2o4;)n f4luid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a piiyd k p*.z(9hehu56dzpe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is t6z(5pkid d . 9zuyhhe*he water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Thi-k 5xzeoib c+.0 r7vlzs is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocitns054 f ek8ijey. The force of air resistasn8 0 i54ejkfence on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a b-a3pi*j8nsrq: (l x(o3x nrxtall tower. Which snxr*x(x8b 3ar -j iqpol(3:nwill reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it hrx(52rk-wo+ul zo s1-djj2 eexperiences a dro2 2oek+srxluzr dj- 1w-(hj5ag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greategv8a s+d dgo3p6vl *-fst effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would caus* 63o +fg-vdapv8gsl de the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes a.numph(umivzuo m:e .6b3*9v re the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Wauvzu6mmu.hmp be:(vi9 .o*3nter undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as longxdtu +pk6az7, as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in ap,kt6+xz ud7 pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to fspsgd(rds 6.4ji ms(2r4p*: lf evc( be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in:d(m(6*ssjd.4p fgss 2v4 r rilcp f(e terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rise(5)wk3n9 otc is;u xvf9no:ry ng0u +qs to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high nw )uis+c(krqnxngfyv50 o u9t3 9o;:would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that h:ws4d zfu6k,q3bky- they cbdyz6fkqu, 34-s:k w han run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as tctc;rfl f:,i dip7 ;l5 u+fxz:he water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that thepc5,tr ;df+i; :if7z: lfcxlu maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of q 2sqicf+iuo+ h2nx0:30.0 g. What u22o 0xfc+q hiqni+s:is its density?

  A liquid has a specif(luf8ue kx l6urwci1 o0z;9,dic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm.t e oro0s3c4pde 7bs;7 What is the maximum preses3s7cb t0oo;7 dep4rsure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowsy j5mjrohxz.t* /a .6fhoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depto+ p1l o+ e*sekf8;uopjy.vk su q0,8d1ua;xxh of 120.0 m in the x vou y80jf*1xe;; e+8+,o.pakplo uqksus1docean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withs(zqw9ve ok21gqknfa r84vw *)tand a maximum force of v)qf1v*z9 wo(w rka2n 4qeg8k$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300y h0o5yfmq uc/aez72 2 kPa?

  What is the gauge prespvf +6/ft-iii prr.a;ime v5 6sure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The d-mf iei/ai5r;vprf. tv+ i66pensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea?c2*i b4s,66 tnd/r8qckwn beg (Tqcbsd6/gwr*6 n8nb, ck42ti ehe density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The smazvay3m-1p5 yb ll piston has area 13vbz p5-ya my$2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston 7+6qv: bs )*bwfazupj 8nd(dphas a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large pis)u7 8+b:qsvb6adw z(pp dfj*n ton?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter h(w ndme/0: uhcydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to au/dwn0 :m(ehc 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter f1- v flllkr,00ti/ rbga-9jwa v 1lp+of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diamete1+ar -,-w 0jblllvf9riv/tag10 pkflr of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in aok.mk7 7z,cpqqi;toe j 09q-g ir and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the water?jkpqm, qqe-og 07.kc; i 7z9to

  An object has a volumt8rme xjq w+t5tc,c:/e of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solidn)484zy m mfg8+ccobs iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tenbgozm8s+ 8c ny)f44c msion in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold ,sju5o6 opmytw : p)2qis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel sp 0+pkw )(09h/h jsi2 wfhtkwtubmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it isa0-d z bfmbh bicg9g+:(h4tx4 in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the sftgx+(-04bdibca4m:hzg9h b pecific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is place ph0ys0jnxa9 8d on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a9xjh0 np0say8 thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a uz y41aj 1nrs,* qeyu:mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12;y hg25mxnn.z cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in mnyz x25hn .;gwater. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m lob; (znmu:;6a rdu* rtvvu/5wabn8ss3 ng, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mat;vru ;:8(wvbnb r63ua m5*ausn/zdsss can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its voluma /n ov7 :e5x/uej11 yx7q,ibezrexb;e beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the obj x e1vb ,75xxe/beiuryo :a;enzq /1j7ect?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath thrt*+r vp.-.lg)nl y ofe surface. fr.oltvrn +-l.py*g) What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume benuthmy sl+ m9h rn,79q,eath the surface of the water.yrhq9 7st+mh, mu l,n9 What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on af n:vny9k g5/ t)2ubjbn ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific graby )vjk:9t f/nug5n2bvity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3. (e +a7 qa(l1px0)nf3hnd mmsr0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. Ther f:+t7hf6x zcksu)g6l ik x,2xe is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this g,txf : x +6zu7xik)hfs l62ckrestriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure opmoia5;v5o 6i 5z3quwf $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking66u cr( hznq8z fountain with 300 kPa, if the founq(n8 zu66zhr ctain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 qp y :7026ro.mvjtgqmmm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will .jmot7: vpqr62gm0y qwater flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe ofmg8) r51e wq7r4ar4;g pq,jldv3shme cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it tat:n as 2n d 9,p4dnveu/hqknk7/79tfrke to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assu/t7n :kfe4 72t,upvnrh 9d nasnqd/ k9me the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreaeqn)n gk. yw x:xfc(:m 6u9*vised the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blooduny*6nw.:ie:x g(km9 vqc) fx flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diametsxg9d*w*i-, (j fwwster of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in t9f ssgwj-,*i*wxwt d( ube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. H(7kqn43 rne kxow high will water rise in a capillary tube of di7ke3nnxq r(k 4ameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would wat 836 hui:g7ggeso;b ej*vo/yurha eogj *5.2fer at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter oa6 svbuge/5*;uo3ojhge :he*jy.f ri 27 8ggof
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of watftfx1yl ys 1rf i 9+55;-aeqsper, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of aeif1- y5 5;s1s9yr pf qtlx+fthe liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with n3fwv0 d*9npe ,0gfdx m*yv-m a soap film formed within,f*ydm3- w09v v*exnmd gp0f n its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm trvfb- b -rdq*1,nprjr9d4.i , and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable loivfb1,rq4 rj.rdtpb9 *d - -rnng side so that the frame is 12 cm square?