The three common phases of matter areigbd4tbzsm)8 fcs )54

  Density is

  Substance A has a dej 0 4g*7nbjlyjwuuw .5i j.m1lnsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit 5picyp 5f:sg;of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have thepdk *-o(hf7gt same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water tha-hp7okd tf*g (n A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference betwdj*- qgj+gm8skh8 ah3 een the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to tl 8jq.n+w s7ijhe absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool?i j7ls .w8+jqn

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive t;id ,ia hybl:4o 2.0 m bene;:h,i4da yi lbath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlh lyv/ dh)j ma,*/zu.ne.

State Archimedes' princujl32e0izn+0 dqt9 dwtvy,k,iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and dt khqn1goc w0l7pyk) 2f;.v :beeper into water of constant density, what happens to tf0 ;hltkokpb.7)nv :cq1ywg2he buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A b3x :lx m2ulqw;oat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buo;xw l lxu23qm:yant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresho-cegx +nj- 2n water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water ig+-cjx- ne2o ns

  A steel ball sinks in water but flddiueu ui(0 ke 8:d fhh 5*x)z046frzeoats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant fod i ):6e(e*0h8zdzfurf0 k5e xu hiu4drce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 1io ufg 14;fz+c0-kg piece of lead. Which has the grzi 41 o+f;gufceater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top c hzqky+-, +cjof a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens tocqy+,+- hkzj c the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second pi9- k6fj q)jxviece of wood sits on top of the first kqxv9ji 6)f-jpiece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is k0+7 ragn:7 7 opkg6doubjg3v larger than at point A0ro7k ngg vk o7ag6b3:ud jp+7. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 1qs8m: wsc()el 2 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, whats8w)ms:eq (cl is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows i4nb- fkg(w2y0j7 toxto half its original radius, what iwj-gb fk4y7ti( 20xons the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principlcrke:adt 0mt2q09q( fe.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of coney oxwn5g6zes2t: y+ri 5jr -(servation of energy in fluids6 o5y- (r ji5gznrtee:xys 2+w?

  As the speed of a moving fluidwxn 4u1p+4zob increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger tha ,5u vk8bfgwz **u4xuwn at point A. Whe8 z4 **5uvfxkb uwgu,wre is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, th vvcse2,r7i)ne paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air 6vnaohk m:+iacuxve6. +m) /kresist6 6c o+kaamkue). mv:xvnh+/iance on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simu8m5g bhx dgol-*--aul ltaneously from a tall toweg5a-l hd* xgu m-8l-obr. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experiences agiwkvh*rc . gdo5) tn-5c fl99 drai. fgn-) t9lchg 5 wr*dkocv95g force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid kf:,e4wem/ v7ujn, iuthrough a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a kiufn4me7j w u,:/,ev10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twic: lagrg29 4njae the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pirgga n j2a4l:9pe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the sa,n4r i*3 zm 8pt8rjbfeme diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what i p8z8b n4e*rfrt j3m,is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greas60e; ki7r ;i-ogspzi 5euhke9y. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of s7; kezu hs6peeo iig0i59k ;-rtaying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed (uv/xr 6k2pxh in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diamx(rukp h2 x/v6eter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suffii 5 za3cndohhkxmp;9+66 -sixa2y ba8ciently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tensa h+ xcz3iknh9d25a 8sxy;-bi6mapo6ion. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they ,wkf8cn7u u*acan run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet uknaw7, uc*8fof bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensionsq9 jj4i,tu6k xt )wdw2 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its dtuki2d6w4j jqx ,w)t9 ensity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity tr9b:ldmu sx)zo 0tm.b:ek7 : of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is +;bfu9mf4 ami the maximum pressure ; fub+am9im4f it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. pgxmoo3;j.*c Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) hboory* ++;gid;;mtoc2o zt 1must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oroc1mbi ozoh; +;;*dgt+t 2yocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a sub:m ern mg,;ug7marine can withstand a maximum force ofeun7 mrg,:g m; $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge prsa ns1 6aqny *in)n f;o:w9 uc.b-z:bpessure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surun:vs-lo : ffx;b*t6 w d(fz.vface of sea? (The density vw (;vdf s*.-6 znxuflft o:b:of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the-rzwq -/;k9i. er l vf6nypzf/s tbp;; surface of sea? (The density9.v-/fzw - /pfle; ;6tisrb;kqnypz r of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. Thw/g)) drhf4,y2d9x wmq0g okpt*;krw e small piston has aret )gxo4 ky0p*m9 f)gdwwk;hr2/dqr,wa $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and y8 z h c6+usnk-9zswc5the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What fsnzu 69czhy5+sk w8c-orce must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 iw+2k2dy2 ()hdbu wslt 2 eiet6c)6 xpcm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diametes)ktbxh)2 (2dwt6u2 i6l+cw dp yeei 2r piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 g8;t+ke+p jpgaja c)g .a*d7fcm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift ra)f*cap. +j8tgagg7p;jad + ek ises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in watekut00s )n.--z axaiq rr. What is the buoyant force of t x qt-zk nu0)-r0.siaahe water?

  An object has a volume of+uzt*k,orgil z(e(08s kg:. qscaa7a n9l bt8 $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supportel0 b5qjty6 v5nd by a string while submerged in water. What is the tensio6n tl5yj0qb5v n in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold iseni:oc8y9 b4,+a2 gvy bksg-s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densi7d*xlw elik, )ty = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6u;k y88k+tk qx- xtlkoa0.:ti .86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the spextaok-xkkti .tq : 8+u 0lk8;ycific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, z 3 yscd8xh-w0and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowehws-d c830zyxred into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a ma9n a /j,xf0/l ar6iukpss of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diametepz(.j3mk xe7ur 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What7jz3keu( m px. is its mass?

  A rectangular box of w/g 1okyy;v)l negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it y lg/y;v1o)wksinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the sun)1-nsnc)w g3 schqd4 rface of the water. The wei wc4sqdn)nh-ns1 c3 )gght of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneats 1 jxyltvs59gp.; dp*h the surface. What is th5psgx.v*p1 j9d;lts ye object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume m1kb g.4r (tthbeneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the o ht r4m(tbgk1.bject?

  A polar bear of mass 2 6d.kqs6 e,ji/ni8veh 00 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific grav,j sie66 8.vkiqed/ nhity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of dqka0 phyfw+15iameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 6-)1ffh uvmu(unk/i xm/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is t(vu1mfufn i -hkx u)/6he velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressulys: mn127mu 8 j pm3fm5jf,v /;uocftre of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump -s5 xdeku((7h bkzb3 rto supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 3dku b3 -b(( krzexh7s50.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occuu)mkz1 2fk zbo zw58c,rs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth o58u ,k wzzc1kmbz2f) of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of crosm wgsku6 uw(3- rp/ec+s-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it g kak5,lkl1k no9ls 6, vo2-ol/oe:7yt*zumc take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm,759/-ao* eulk kv,g l l2ckkz6oson mlo:y1t in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decrb e06xapnd921pe j7lx eased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the hearp 1n x e0a2967dxpebjlt have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice th2 c 0)vzi9)swgnhj6f8q4u5 7s:cf )slmm lsmve diameter of tube B. If6)2 vcizsls8vm7 s5w 4njms )0ffgmq)9:uc hl water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will+t9ej -o: :zoesfjss:ca a/ 5g water rise in a capill :j 5c:st fse/seo-jza+9og:aary tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would watez 5x0. kmd6pz:yw) ).pyb jyjcr at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter 5cm. pp:0x )6 b djzyyj.wz)kyof
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of wate72qklm,1xj)5w e ogbxr, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of x7x )j1welgbo,q m25kthe liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a sfb5+ vboadh 8- w6m(wael.m+ noap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 -m8we+abaf w .h +do56l (nvbmN/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame hajrh0 rqlghw:i-x7 nv7k*3 ov(s length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one o7 7 (g0ikvn*qo wvlr-hrj3:xhf the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?