The three common phases of mattert+e2biaz*noke+mokr , .-rv.,rq+l75 a d t oi are

  Density is

  Substance A has a den7,x.dfi (w qtdae95 ehsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure8ivasz -z 4gn4?

  Consider three drinking glasses. Allsyi 7)xebt:6 y+kkv 2r+.+ko vhdh7 gw three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the +e+2)ghy+k :.swdvk7h6r ybkoxti v7 top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures i tacfm,woj ,6)nside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens t1lpv g* 53hnnw0pw09 g rydkg4o the absolute pressure at the bottom of0g 5vnw pkg *0r1ld9ygwh4np 3 a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 nx4 dkj h+hkil; rrk2*l,c(q)m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface,c*kd k2hn+)hql r j;r4,lx( ki what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlei)i,y)(0ul,u qk wrvx.

State Archimedes' prinzitudr-1e ) g6ciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens m lod2 kux.nxi f:z8c/t,kj r;-8t-pf to the buoyajfodkc.:u-pf lk r, 8z /x -xittmn82;nt force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floatskiy py5 il jf:9q*p9+( cs+lhg7r4 wuv in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is pu9sy4q+5hl 7fk(ry+ vi9g*pwjlci : the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh wate n93 .c )t4z6nzje;zmayfpah1r and salt water. Compared to the fresh watzfz ph m4 a .yj1)c9ztnane36;er, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of merbxfvi,t l*4ecw e;0)s cury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greatsfx*4;vc,il 0e etwb )er?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the buj,j ygsw- z* h mc5 t7cpcpu./0p(fq(ottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has thuj g -w(cj5 pcf pu(* ysc0zp7t/,mh.qe greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathrh-n a bai0j7 x2r,(c83ok a iovn8)umtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the )x23m8akv conraa8(jbn-r,ih0oiu 7 water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is fl ;21n sdbryv0poating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water,y; b1d0p nvs2r what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B o wxp.8 i u7zl+6te5ulis larger than at point A. Where is the speed of tho6w5 u zelui+pt8 xl7.e water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pi(kmd.ue)xv v:q 9;x gnpe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow sn(x. gu )xqmkv:9;d vepeed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipehns. d*oeafb+s 9 ur2y0-wkqi;-p(l k. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow spd -0;qnh*wk -le. fao rb9yk(us2p+sieed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princi*zawpe+q (hfdef f x9mg-h/ -,ple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of coh 4qm4l)b db2nnservation of energy dh2 b4nlbmq 4)in fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, :wwz(jp-jeqy8u)nb)the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at r,cg )od sbv,mkx7* m4point B is larger than at point A. sxv4)kd,7 gomm, cr* bWhere is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper r1 f aau3v )dgtf;5/zlwises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the4 t 27crfvp hee/r8(jh3g lm;a air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance on /mrhcpe(72e t4;ag 8frjh3 v lhim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneouip7:+vvk 8hq; 2 x-.rv8ahekv0fnaic sly from a tall tower. Whihk k;2 rq8f:phva viaie8vn. 7x-0+c vch will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radiusq9z 39y *sggpqvn, r5 :k-krvj r falls through water, it experiences a drag force yk*g -:v krg9rv ,z5 qq93sjpn$F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pzce q9nt8;kz.tr g0w 9fw3s/fm nm(g7ipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which woultn(3g/9fwtsr8z m.mcw;kg7zn0 f 9eqd cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has 0m5g:gp )av wetwice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the fgv5a) :g wep0mlow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pip9gncyko0*n k 7avbq,gj; on ,8e A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths a; *9jnbo vygn870cgknoq ,k,of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasma vuj g-d+xg-/2v r+by. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in littlemuavv- g2-x b gr+/d+j globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the rw5d)fa0vz + 51ovrdvik 5yv0 water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half asdk5 y1 ia )5 ro0wvfzv0r+v5dv great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug,z+dwph/0z8 wc are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water wd+08/zchp zw bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that thegdo;/0gj+yjl y can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible bed+/o;glgyjj 0cause the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.03rkv)*af81zj cw*5 jh+p3jvee(pvf d0 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Whatr(e p 8vhkjfw afzvjdvpj* 5*133 )ec+ is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 2up r04( ry-m ijqzg(gfv l,v/0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.i 7liql.se zf.*4g u6m0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert zig.m7leli s q. *uf46on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is sta0u(m9nb5 o wjf340p qrnzo(cfnding on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a suby.o.)x dlua x9(gd3nimarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in thod yn()x..x g 9duia3le ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a subkgd fgl.0 j5150jhbdgmarine can withstand a maximum force of hf00j5j d k.gglb1g5d $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolutelgino5 rl:iem4p,/ :f pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below t 3*f: hvlq91 je w+qdhhk)nf sy9jde98he surface of sea? (The dj+eflv9 h9e3k89qd* :hsyqwfj1n)hdensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a+yokv zdjpwv (th9 sblo yy)1.,52w8e location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of sea25hkojp1 z, vy.+tvy9b)w dye8( lows water is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits oqg+jjfgm lo/-u;-3 c(hzj5l-j t-p hz n the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has-5-mj;hgf jl-zuop/ t+jzl-h jq g(c3 area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston h y5+ goih csbf).5nri/as a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?.yfr/)5 ngh biois+ c5

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter jt (xqc3oat 5elhh0i p*4(+n qhydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter pis4tlnh(0e xcqq +itp53 oa *(hjton to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 h:njj8 :w-yxc cm, and its large piston has a diameter o-hyjnw8c:jx : f 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 Nz:yehw0 +68 yzfg-gt 7rchsx:d i*z0 r in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of thx+*y ye6cr: dw:z0 fhi8grz z0s-tg7he water?

  An object has a volume o zh2cafvwpax4 m,u:mle)j 2n :) m.ey.f $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of swpu; ir/wnkz8 e5+sk6c:+7xpzbp dh9 olid iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? sr9k p7 xe+6:w 58n+hp/cdzzpu;bkiw (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is (*zp9 r 4osez5emwn /p$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (dens9 pc0s4 h:kgksity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it 1 )u2vlq-xcupis in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravit) x-v12 lcpuquy of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale cokdquc .2 :/hreads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific:/o.cukq2h dc gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and densittwiw 7ky9fqs1v:05g ty of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float i(aof (8f ri;k;idid;en water. What is(drk; e doi;iaff;i8 ( its mass?

  A rectangular box ofzawh4asre:xn ym 7u)3 a9 04ok negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be l0 u :4ron3axm4aky z79wesh)a oaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath theoro7z0f f,8qcn nd.blm1a6+ w surface of the water. The weig r m.wo0z+,f o7681n cnqbadlfht of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its v8 gaser/ofwl; ;,cur9olume beneath the surface. What8wra9c,/log e ;r u;fs is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of , kok*yf.ag0m its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant for0oky g ak.,mf*ce on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg standsnv;57k iy nekrkk/x 5kg:d,o f- 8pm1s on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just supportn5es;-7pfkg5:m o/ikrn 8kk1kv ,xy d the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the :/ub rhcx( rg;ov9.ugl0h ;enflow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe ;uz bgl*u:w1:u avo u4at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in th;*vuu 4w1o:alzb uug: e line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressp z*xc.o5 jy7eure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drio: uuyh 2(rv wzjn:9nv)s3f4tnking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above th2 4tysn :or)j vw93v: fhzun(ue pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that ho.;itk y y4mgi5kzli) p7 lac-.lds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will w 5klayg 7tzpm);.c4.yi li-i kater flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area + 4px:n b i5i hs-8exl+fgepx)$10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosi+ m*yxa76mml+/ ffkvety of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L oexfk+l7mmfvya + 6*m/ f oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue .*noh k8v8/ane0yqjqf k+ dl3on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. B+ k v08qe. dhyqjflkon/a83n *y how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placea-w9 bcqr(0 0qyo f ptvzy)2xy2dw5 6ed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm i0bd yxp fqww22-9 6vc5trz0ey o q)ya(n tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water 71qcsdeqf1n4kmu 93vwec f(6rise in a capillary tube of ud 6n1m wcs qekfve79(cfq143diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise t-kysvr 00zuhy-k.. k in a glass capillary tube with a diameter o zy -.-khrutkksyv00 .f
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically im 8,rwie ulvgo9ml1l q/)r9m9n a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-m vgli8/)q 9w r9llm 1rme,uo9half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and widt,nuc.*oo t9)sbc8lbn5f ax 1xh 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the ss ,.1o xanxt)5cbon c9lf8b*uoap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and isua-bg2e b6 dob:m 3a2e built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap fim6b a :b-gao2bdee3u 2lm contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?