The three common phases of matter avwlf oy- p*ejfb*wq hu9.0 ( qd-0zkl0re

  Density is

  Substance A has a de0z/bm,3vrm3 o5l av fcnsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?+a .zmxu( t4v(3q )lpw 9yddar

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three haveexny ;c gmupyuqe2b ;6+* j+n3 the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom2 q3pmy;exn;bnge+ u *c+ u6yj?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a ti +. *ceobg:s abn;nfu; pfk4)xre called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolf:.jrk tvdwl4n- i;3b 7vfvae )m,ip7ute pressure at the bot;, r t-i jdnmk7vw3:ebavpf74. vf)litom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive ,44f4k cnjy zmto 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the y,44m kc fnz4jabsolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principehwoz2 n8sf45*bvap u6(xk4a le.

State Archimedes' principl8,:ai 6b y8tfmcshe 8be.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens mq/:qyo9u* i rk -8hwzt9miy8/ukh zw:-o*q q ro the buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density thjgqbq1-4nrbpkl7 gwbd 4y: 2 *an fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. W4r:bwygbqp2lq 71 dng4-* jbk here is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense thanr z/eum/o t,.y fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and s r,o/u./meytzalt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of x*0 px aq pnx:2( (mow)6uq 43xarhjgxx elq*+mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greate + xm4xqph :qx(wugxo(xa062 japx*nleqr)*3r?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lakei k 3u.+cqlbmg2a00mrto4xf5 -p bvqd*1y1qx, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which q xqm1m vtyl1bo5bc 4-a0fd.kp 3g0q*i2+xr uhas the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on h1rzfk 9m/gic a-9dp,top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removeda 91m rkh,id-zp9/gfc from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top opyyv 5uup22z-c c8g0 nf the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and p yv 52up0pcy2z-g8cn ulaced in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of w9(zjcv*nvl* pzqp); the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water grev;zlqcn)vzp*jp9(* water?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in8wn, ae l*jcp. a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its originle,p*ja 8w.n cal radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narr; f.(uvdoq5 4sscf(jmn; cf+oows to half it.smn jc5fos q+ (fu(vcof;;d4s original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principg(/p0 *zc;djizchx4klf+3yyv :td a.le.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of consej3pmd8 d eq+io1b huw4q/tid*rv *:y9rvation of energy in viy ud1do rqwmq*j*t9:+p8 /4ed3hi bfluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressukn+ kk3o 4e )hwt:k2aure in the fluid

  Water flows through a p +y c --p 2xhle2xz)llamb0s4nipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Whela yh)m-0zc -x2 pbenlx +sl42re is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some aixgdyo3+x ) j*rr above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the tk3 elxkaqqqy(2 w789air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance on him 7x k8qy w9(etlkqqa32is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall 7aw5so1wgr 4h towrw4 o5s hw7a1ger. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock oxvy uf(24al0i,5x4j ;c f2yjs *d dgzmf radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag forcej* y;x54,czluxvd 4 ifa( s2j0dyg m2f $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe?33)ec4nd3 hvaolon l : That is, if you made a 10% change in each of lhln) v3n4:o oda3c3ethe quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice tsd8 nzo*/,w07izlbifhe diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of thezlin/ zb,8*f70 dowis pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twictgp j .rh529xte as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is r 2g9x.ht5jpt the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy.6(w: vfzvf.k* p mtr)4e eg ikos/2dy2 This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, p:sgm )*z d./etvi fy2e4orkv(6kw2f instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d/ cqdbvq ;cgxuj2jp*8 v9 +a0g is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high wou x g 9g;2vq jvj0upcq*+cad/8bld the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that ylnxncr6gn k-47m,p /they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. np-7 /cxrky6 lnnmg4,That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that t0s*fpd/zohc( n26,+o ckmy ruv9vkk6 hey can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts akv* 2 ,c (o9 mrvp6 0snfhkoucd/6kyz+n upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 35yeq7+ia *ze p.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What isz+*aiy 7p eqe5 its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its denyzd z 1;o3+b 1d:fi1fejy6ypxsity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.0 f(r:x ynz6z1bj)s1 si0 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horiz: fs(b6zsy njxz1r )i1ontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N+ 1cxkh 2b9lid*.ls il is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine w x2er:nl d:akk4c :9pv6hw x5lithstand at a depth of 120.0 m in theadl6k5whxr:ec k4l : p vn:x29 ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a 4)dtkz0zpm) ew 5pdu5submarine can withstand a maximum forced )zmzk5pu45wp0t ed) of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressf:qb) 7l u6-aef unvqop3gj0,ure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15,s+k kz5wviuo .c86b t.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of sew+i6 os t 8uk.5zk,bcvawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea6zke)dg h4p i/fhk 73b? (The densityz d6 b3hh7/ p4keg)ifk of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pismb j2 jc/y(g8pu (msq2ton has area u/2jgpjsbqm2y mc((8 $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the latuhy2v7c,yn7 n 4 ednm.msr(7rge piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the larv7 uc7,rd4n mmt7. y 2(hnnesyge piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic cyhh-0(. sh wlfd(*lg 4ehtm;piston. What force needs to be applied t (egm0sy;lh* .hht cd-hl4( fwo a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulirqrrad;u-,z faxx- 49c lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a rxz-,;r 4rfqa-9 adux diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is th-mvvgar 4 jcdi 7.em-)e buoyant force of7ev m-.)4 r-civmaj dg the water?

  An object has a volumenlu2v0 p;++ e1yeubcom7qx4s of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported xy a99vxj/l a(by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity lx va( /y9axj9of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold 1 uth(qg x/0pxis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarf06dbv4n*da z*g ea d:ine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.8jzz2lpj00md:tbn/fr uz sj694iwc 4 06 N when it is immersed in water. What is the sp4r 04b0ncfz/9 jzsj0 jt6i: upmd2 lwzecific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, k uwk8p , e:,(et tdn3uv7wpll.t,:noand the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a pno3 :t n78e lt .kkv(lwe,p uw:,tdu,thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass ox,4vlibpp iu;k4.7*l gudon-p 2ve 3 lf 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cptm* q*fng q1/m will just barely float in water. What is its mass?*g1/*npt fqqm

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m kf*d ejlmdqktln -f-c-0;be d7x1 +s+ long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?x+dm- jk7 qkf d;enclts*el -10 b+df-

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats wit /j/l.n, pcibsh half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the disl /p bnj,s/ci.placed water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of itsgudmdlp782xg1jzsuh*( a h82 volume beneath the surface. 72 u1h2lmu*( jp dsdz8ga8hgx What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume ben 58k*lv9m4pub(; 9rr-febqy. uhunoe eath the surface of the water. What is*v;(9kebnbo5eyr-q9pl m4r8uu . fu h the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 2fdm+bcv 0;k6fp9 k7xc00 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of i d kfb0cxf;v79m+k6p cce is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rat2;3 iuhw j6a6yrmtf k0e.

  Liquid flows through pk gvuzd ,ll8-7ax7m0a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restricdguxz8 7 m ,vla-k07pltion?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pc;2)v np/w lairessure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain wi t bq-q-v/p)-w. gcngkth 300 q)nb g c.-kv-g/wqp-tkPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occur 7by0bp nbkscz.92 +2gjc,vops in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out o pbk,gb0+cj.ns2pvbzc9o y7 2f the hole?

  Water flows through a horizont6m5xf skx 938k3ayfqgal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20p3k+z+ nck;itu t3)(xup3 izk Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the uzp( 3zk3 3p++ti) u;ktnciuk xpper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissubae:1n0pj3h r8cyt q;e on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flo3t ab; h0:rn 1p8jyqcew?

  Two narrow tubes are placelq*t t5 ms6 /y2ck4bxqd in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise kys*xb64ttqq5mc/l2 in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capii7 t3 2atxqcv2llary tube of diameter 2vx 7t2qia3t c1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capi:qts zz n/o; iw.gm1p8ku*k0sllary tube with a diamet0/ 1qg8w*uo zz npmik.ksts:;er of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the waun izz wact)kcbxr9u78c*;:,ter rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original vwcz;87tak x * zncu:)rib,c9 ualue by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 ;t/k :y :iiai9 yo*rtl intq;*m with a soap film formed within iy t;iotyaitk*:iri:nlq 9/ *;ts confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular framd.3b9q i .;ufxi ilk)z3kb+ple has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film coni3+i kxlb.l uqf3k. )zpdib;9tained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?