The three common phases of matter av/./p-e,5uld a/mloi f qfk.are

  Density is

  Substance A has a dens.e*oywy9xk s w;ej2-qity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following ip; , 7s7g . z7rys(negwayrgm*s not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same ar)gq bm) 7h0da9cs 0zs6 ds62vgj6tmdeea base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the )jq gz 9mt076)ss a d2mvbh0esd6gdc6bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressuresfyit d ;bm)siraz/4 kx, u:5/rv, e8qz4 ,jbqu inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure a-s4;0 :6fafntd nrl wet the bottom nt4d- sn0f6ef:w ;larof a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m bj)si+i)g-zli /tx-lk cm-ay *eneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressurl-+ )zs ya-gijl- /mi*ixk tc)e on you?

State Pascal's principm9oz (s y4ss)f k(1hoele.

State Archimedes' princia+)slbd ,jf6:ewzj e s /z(9w +l;tcpkn((vbmple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water oy5kqgpp6/e +mf constant density, what happens to the bp6mk/ ygqe+p 5uoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. oqo4..re3fx5y yzq6fz:he5a A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. .ea5oezo6: fy zqqx5h3 f.y4r Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than ffsk7/1g-cd b1ee/ cu8z; uwb6v) tmjwresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in 7cfzej -mg8 /s6 wuc1wu e; b)1v/dbtkthe salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water bu2afwt zsxnj6jj3cn -;; )12 5opdo23loogei wt floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on jzngejxn 3i25 w26 oo1tc)wpo3dlsj oa2;- ;fthe ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sonbtna k4*hj3k,i gf6:ljrb9+ 7 zgz /its at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant fo,j7bjkfnb a6z4lik3n t: rzg */hg9o+rce on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the bop-27k qve.o knnw1hg ,188dnv+p tjiron is removed from the wood, what happensqdp+k2o7.1w t,oghvb8p 8 vjn-e1knn to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub.ot.nxhh,t0:v A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the :h,ot.ht xn 0vtub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The -)xi vj/n)ei a otqigj1zi8id c9wvn1r(v 0;,diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the9 ezn) -0 i1io8d,(ii)v1/gqan jwtv jixvrc; speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at9s .8 rgrqgs-f+0r1h- *wfffa ;rs xrj 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice i8jh0srfx r-r 9fgw sr.f*g1r-f q+;sa ts original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrb4z ifqimn.mpe3hs6; j;8f5 sows to half its original radius, qij.84nm;bepf6 ih; 3 mfssz5what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prin 3vqx0bpku s t0/md9a7ciple.

  Which one of the followingyi;t bbq2,v 8y is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fluidsbiv8qy t,y; b2?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the flui1z64n50yth 8y y7rzv-pep1nnzjc sm 5d

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is l8j1s pl p, 2zqjoq+o(uarger than at point A. Where is the water press+(qjq2ps1o8,l up ozj ure greatest?

  When you blow some air above :v,i/yqmc b+o tyf/(f a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air rebcer9js* p40oqfh(o ;1 pat:l sistanc b:4t0*lcj9s eqhpof;r( pao1 e on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneouslyg u1vtuvt7;j; from a tall tower. Which will reach;t7juv1 u gv;t the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through wan 3;h -n+husiater, it experiences a drn-h3n +h s;iauag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatestzjfg8 + 3g6l fix4rz;o effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if;ol +x8 4zj3ig6 zrgff you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has gosqqaw57yy 2f1g isa q7 (n2:xqmv:6hzb*.r twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipeq1 *fv7g yswa(:q5 b22 6z o7:xisqyrm .ahqngs. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice ++85wz7omdj yyt8mr8 0 kazm zxeci)5as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the floyk8y 50wr)teo+z8m ad8 jzi7mc5 m+zx w rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste sgpf(r 3i,2 7k7*kb yftf nqc7deems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of sdpcy ,k* 7ik qbfn (tf7fg32r7taying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water me:a)t6qz r 4.zewo0jrises to a height h. If the diazee. rt 6:m )zj4aow0qmeter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight th*+jm 5b-xeh oxat they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bbxm jexh5-o+*ug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightwe9pqd6*;ndn aswdy-b(x m 8bk.ight that they ca;ns . ywk-bpd 9xqad (m6*n8bdn run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.jlm jej +ft,+mnpl0-+00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Whatpme ++-j jtl0,fj +mln is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. Wti5wp+g y1i2 what is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 qz6 -rcrj p1 6kvft4(pd(x:vt/mu q+e cm x 4.00 cm. What is the max4 /x rr(- fzjqt c16:6 pdm+vp(quvketimum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe /(76muvj8wz8 kwfc u chas area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a6g pl+e,/ sb:rbb1 lip submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in tsl ,1/6gb+pb blp:riehe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a giuk: lcr.mgv :5)+m9a+ ggcwmaximum force of :g5 mwal+c i+.:g)k cr gu9gvm$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute prj/q(p u qz(7+x9ar1 hvl mfb(bessure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m bel0 uzg;22sqe dkow the surface of sea? (The density of seawate s202zqe g;dukr is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a lo:ear ki.pb1ej 4dm69kcation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densipk 4me:9 dj.a beki61rty of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pisttwezgera l;l:8c 0i9 (on har w:0z;l(agti8l9ec es area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small p8 2 c2ea3wdsdoiston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be aps8dc 2 weda32oplied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm98, 2t rzu h.doj.meok diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter pismd ,tueh82.krj 9 oo.zton to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large pz: zkik,mf:*/xt -no piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of xmf:kozp,-zn *i/t k :15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighww 7h*w;oecu 5s 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force*c7o5u w wwh;e of the water?

  An object has a volume3 xsh t6dju0xk.l,nnjj,i /p3 of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is suppo;, kr9:todntsrted by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The s r,tod9st :;knpecific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is an;m7 (f8fg.jeonepf; ug6.p $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (d*4m7jg0 *uw:9.y mop hahvusnensity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed dm3zgk( tmx(/py2+os in water. What is the specifi32 g/d yo+m(xmsz tk(pc gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale rea1w/(es/1r +amooeya ods 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (spec+oa1so/awre(e o1my/ ific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and z3/fw0iqy tz 13espq. density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely u0prn.t 53vfofloat in water. W0n tuof35. rpvhat is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligij )lr,-p)jbqlakb b*k-:s dx6ble mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many -d:kbp) r,kb x* 6 jjsqa-l)lbkilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its vol1 cs7z.dm.hf3 hr3xgy ume beneath the surface of the water. The weiggz.c3s.ym hfr7xh 31dht of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats inrz 2(r/hio lo* water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the obje2l/(ihrz* o roct's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of tfp zbwdc-x31eoj(u *; he water. What is the buoyanb(ce- f3odwj u 1*;xpzt force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. usjq fcl*9g1+3*q 4 mcx6z xhved, bk9What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity og sq1b4mke*x 6h9*z3 qvcj xd +c9ufl,f ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the*d k4;ddm leky (- x5a*eva)uj flow rate.

  Liquid flows through agw5t usjf5 7nhdlbr1 tw*qi*hs8 *5e9 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrictiqnhl 7sg i 5s8rtwb*tudje1* 55*wh9fon?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure of8 *offvd ;w2oj $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply :7ij7qvs ;*mi ao:(qdyuh5 eo a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 3 m 7yiao5*:qi jhu e(sqov7;d:0.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a ( gysu2jsa ,o2water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hols 2 o2gu(ajs,ye?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-7b uqae9a w-(gb5 wx5bsectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How lov4(8qgcpa om* ng would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel witag(4q m ovpc8*h a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-uofl-rh1ptfy,cyb32r 2 m )wt( p of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant by1rwchb-2(oy2p mt tf3f,)lrlood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of wat x:h iqffmr4m;f vwx:3p0m:;yer. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rf 0x;ifq:: :m m4y3;mvwf xphrises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise l:46j6.ntpnziyn x 5 ;ewpl c3in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 nnw6lelipz;p:t43n.65cj x y mm?

  232

  To what height would watermv 2 :jwiw cb+,(7cjghpx5vn8 at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a dv7c( 85ih jmx,nwjbp :wcvg2+iameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the hs5 gik +0s/4jyx.+e/f hor qbwater rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. T xqy+ j/054sir sh/efh g.kob+he surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame o7e.7m l b4tw39usr pyhf length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, ho 47 l7smut.w9hepry3bw much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and w 462em,) k(dj2 ueg2kpctkkouidth 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. jd2 m,k2k( k62o)c eu4egpukt How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?