The three common phases of matter arn n:0rq v1tsb,e

  Density is

  Substance A has a densit lgutg:q y rqfceppj wn8,04ms dw87e)(jf)5*y of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a uni8u ie2 ;lwde wc:21lkgt of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three w,v.kj2 ju00 (szg4at ) cspwohave the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top t.zj04ws2 aw),sgotp j(ukv c0han at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference betwe jm mq6ya*h 4.sz7uq+een the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absoyvf75n 8o7t vmlute pressure at the bottom of a pool 7fo mn75v8vty?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath thj; (jkv+ijig, )9 eoyje surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absoluteyj+(j, vokejgj;ii9 ) pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle zk/ w3 ,wpj)vp0ian-3p9gxcy.

State Archimedes' pr 5 ytf4g9e/qzs2a wouu4,*lv up;xjw3 jusd **inciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into wateod ko+db +/5jlr of constant density, what happens tod +o5jodl/kb+ the buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floatzu:2 v, fd9fogcby4i;fz;l/9 j j* +jvz1f mphs in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greato vb4 ;y9; zplmfcj9 zjhziv1d:fj/+ *u,2ffger on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship fldw,6o -wi hn4c(k5 husoats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaki(nw 4hhdw,- o5ucs 6ced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool m ptcn tnlq2ue uk3q83)* jl8de153xhof mercury. Where is the buoyant force o38 1q3nc8t 3uqle 2*uldj5xh ptk) mnen the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kz8i;yc;nj/cz2st 9k 7jp9p q xg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyanp9zjz/ 7k2; jsccq; iypn8tx 9t force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floaet6oti ;kvu f01kb-4kting in a bathtub. If the iron kf0tu1vt b ke4k;i6- ois removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on,.) z6w 8ub,grvmdcf p top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and p w. mz,gv68, rbcduf)placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. Thxpu x2h*e)h0d o2fl .ze diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water f xhl .x)doep0z* 2uh2greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twsll39 dt5 zi2cxlnkna*8 :g--4uh appice its original radius, what is the flow speed in 5a*lsnh al- zti -8gdcnpl429: puxk3the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s u45xdo 5 c+cgain a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrow4oac5+x d5ucg er section?

State Bernoulli's principlj):b3uz5 z2p y1bm yfsd) ve4ne.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energf6rldwp (5b :vy in flu(6 pwl:rfbv5d ids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure i9j gdpdij wj50bp42 0jn the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diametnpnkak: *ri jt;hx; *i,u,oq. er of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatk;o ,a*k,* qnij. ihr;pt:n uxest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is kp8ma 1qbg3j *e.i046ye o rk2-skng cbecause

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force/ owzwhu-o 7,e of air resistance onoe-w7uow /hz , him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, arenax:9l /lbc x.f5ls*w released simultaneously from a tall tower.bl5 w 9*csa /:llxn.xf Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock o)5ya- we- (zandv hh8tf radius r falls through water, it experiences a dra-5de ay8 vw(n-z ath)hg force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest;-tsu hm*k :zb effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would ;k t*z :ms-uhbcause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same0h.yno2.2*s mzyxxwj mq/zs ) length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A isx2mjsxy m y0*n2s.z /)wohzq. Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is tw i6/j;govw m b0-,vnklice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the6ovg,v0j l/iwn m ;-bk flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastj pi 144*oehanes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of1a4ph* e n4ioj staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in wateb zabsx8pzm8p)t3 oo o(*2z: qr, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the water risq(xzopa8omb8 p )ob: t*3zz2 se?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lid//* s ;m7rw*py nt6 ,6hqweqbb kgxn4ghtweight that they can run on top of water wirn 76 hwg bxp*mkt,6q;n4y*bqdwe/ s /thout breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as thun kqw.*seoan;ni25 6e water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of wats6nna2qe*.5winuk ;o er bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cma * bqy0;.hmj;q/ku nl x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its densi./q h y*ul;;amqjb0nkty?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What isr2 sq3vth e51+/hus f .m7l36mh2gl r,rvmqgg its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 c1ox)i/e4fpph +5 0tcw * skfupm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum p+e*5/o0 p1xcshft4pp u f) ikwressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N i77 fb2skigozt, gm)/7ro(upw 4dk hwa+1 qk0ys standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in(bnu:yywc -, f:n,wybc-y f( u the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine canre u( t4dssl6: withstand a maximum force ortul(s: d4s6ef $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the ablp3-qu sz0 i5 ;sg7dzb:5 bndgsolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at k v wl,yvs6pz/i,.pa3kiy-e;a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawateiwvvl e/;k-z,3y.kp a ,s6yipr is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15 nv06ec y x7q8l,y7rem.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater is, xn6v7 lreeq7m80 ycy $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pi) ;ecnjch. (yve5c9owston h 5c9whv)n.cc; eo(jye as area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and+1q7c0qcl uig 21/g coj4lqyd the large piston has a q4 1dj i0/g cq7gcql1l2oyu+c radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm dfagwcp( :(w7:scbf z of hy446iameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to bac(:z4 f:co ysw76g w( f4hfpaccomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 85wb ;wsz6oa a0h+z vqv4hp9, lwn/ot/.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The latvqaz+64wo ,nvh/ophww5 /9z;l s 0bift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the e7; t)6iey gb:u :dpctbuoyant force udgbtcy peti::e )7;6of the water?

  An object has a volume of: 3jqq,g3el7ku6 * ;ojf/ sal puwps4w $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported byv2y aj h8- 3rd) nmewhz.h2vl: a string while submerged in water. What is thej edvh.2): aln3wmhzr8 -hvy2 tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is3+yc)q vjt/h*t,m0yu,xj06s0se( v c vr sex f $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarinwk w(6r;ihh4by ,mti) e (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 3tdtxd 37z6x iN when it is immersed in water. What is th x3tddtx6i 7z3e specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scaa z9+hkp-aoh4 le, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity zkaa-hh4po9+= 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kgs 751f abspsz( and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm wilmnrnp 0; )dh6pzhof -w2td.3el just barely float in water. What is its 6). mehd;nfonzr w 32thd0 p-pmass?

  A rectangular box of negligible matu6j:/lhlea,n ,lmd 9f n k.8lss measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How ma . d/nhl t9,8k6e,ujmanl :fllny kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surfal;y1yxe gcah t-u6 da/;1e l2mce of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2em 61a2;x 1 tgl;c yh-deyual/000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with thro z2d9 wm97kgeee-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is te99 wd7o2mgkzhe object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourth xiz3 f nuy43x buqkn8/s4+cm0s of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What isu x+f4 3ks/bn3480c umyinzxq the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thickfmh )pg7kxjh1nv59p47r j c0pu x(+d)klu/ jp. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of 7jdk)u5kph0p(4h7vm ur /fg9x lnp )xc+pj1jice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a cdz7/.ma jowap )kl*,pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter kosns1)ax6hh i(l6w)pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in thek a(6o)sshh)xl6n 1wi line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal 7z hw ,6dx:vb6k8lvja pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain wi5u mw0w pxesi454k.ebth 300 kPa, .sm0 w4x ue5eki5pwb4if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom ozsbecy4*i7 -z g3h;/lkwr 5tj f a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will r7t-g4l3bzsi*z j5wh;/ ecy kwater flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-f ha*u4r/h+ qg sv/zs(sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How longek)h :u:r enru;n3 hw;ns-tpvz+h a88chiq2( would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the thhn (sre;tnwr3-v)::;8q hnipe h u8u 2k+ czaop of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty g d1.bl(ezpsv a31y(v tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much wb ld1e1gv(psa (.3zyvould the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of wnzi 9yk)y4oh0h xu /r+ater. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise i yok/hy i4 uzrhxn+9)0n tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in astaek3evsh72q **u..q5vxe l cv1 8af capillary tube of dihqs15 q2u.7ke*c.x*l8 vefv v sea3a tameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wi* x3bmdadfcr*e1di299q 8 fritabd d*f cm*r9i xidf238qr19eh a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the wafngd;s;n t+jdc /8;pfy. cm7vter rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column iysp m+/c7 .;8; dndgncvfft j;n the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m hhm5(d0w1m x1r4nykn and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its conf0h mx5 4hnwymrn(dk11 ined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, ap 5rl*.w5jfjl nd is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm squarej w.rf5 *jlpl5?