The three common phases of matter areo5nh7n n+gk s8k*,wrl

  Density is

  Substance A has a dens *hl(qs,*s vspa- yx9uw (br,d/98e:lizle xyity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not+d,(o oy 4bflo a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, 2 l1pl3nh :g gc,j8okj56wdrbc d-ii+and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the ,n g c5jkgl-:lpj8wh+3i62i1bd cro dbottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire ap4 uasj:owyvx3i (4 2called?

  When atmospheric pressure changv-qtz kn7rr1,55**nag.qy nmwdo qq /es, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of atn/qr1zq5okagr 7q**.wn,n5yq -vdm pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a poo bewz rea.*/ x a.*0k(uhy5jhhl. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happeh 0a(weh.j5/ xku*erhzb* y.ans to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principykb)3x8/diwy ez(y z:le.

State Archimedes' principlq rytj8c(9 w+re.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of coni2 c(s6 .hlemfd. v* ;ebz4xgjstant density, what happens to th6eh.4s( c2;fglb*d j. izv emxe buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh wy dx7qn*e)+vs z ki8aqc;nao0)ua ((sater and in salt water. Where is the buoyant qoi;) xs70k+ n(zv as)cuy*e (nqada8 force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship fysruna //ofo by-;,9v loats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of v //,fyr ;n 9a-ysoobuwater displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury.tbj7cv wl1s :/ Where is the buoyant for7v1lsc t:b/w jce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-;yo dzonxfs:c .f8 --bkg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on itn- xb:.8oys;z cdf fo-?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bb(ed*zv y - i0qxint+ly1zypd99( l-bathtub. If the iron ie1dq9 (y-z 9zldxvb-tip* b yl(n0+yis removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. Ayp eey)m.t 2p- second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not toucteyyep )2m.p-h the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through s q3vv98 yh28jbz8fmoa pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Whb3 qyo vm2 9jh8v8s8fzere is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens t vx4hse (5uo51kyuh.askz v+tr.x c4j;m,tq0 o twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider s xy(0x1r.ttuk;k, e zo4hv +5svq5ahs.4 mjcuection?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizonsic y;0vu 0dfsu54qi;tal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrowe 4;csfd;vs qi5yiuu00 r section?

State Bernoulli's princgvf66*7ho:ox1ceb g:/z7yjzcww b 3j iple.

  Which one of the following is associated with t+ugtpu-3d(j,x) jquw d;k 6 rwhe law of conservation of energy in fluiuq ku ,w gux3t;rd+jp-(j)6dw ds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid +12 xmkt -; 1ix0wnva6cnmks l6ygtg;increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a yxi0u/lo8 hbx 2t-v *zpipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than / *oibvzyh2 8 t0luxx-at point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper e2a,weptv3xgh 2vm;*q 5ct7h strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. Teue/fmqs jbj i,lih)0a.:(o,he force of air resistance /e0)hiqjfbeil. mj, o ,: a(suon him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released sim*sikzp39i ew 3sx4qbk8 px: z:ultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground first?3z3se:48 z kb*i:9 pxisq xpkw

  When a small spherical rock of radius r viy )thfn0 *n8qn9pl2 falls through water, it experiences a drag)n 8l2*n qhi9 0tnfypv force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? Thafdz9qv-e *oka 89e8c3t2 bdsxt is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, d98abtxe ksq-*9dzv2fc3 8 eowhich would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same:v5innvc ylr 1*y-w l6 length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Waterl-1nycwyv* lv :n6 5ir undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as p 2btry0q2 q4upipe A. Water undergoes viscous0y2 rp q42qbut flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tasteos5x : ;t u+bpr8icqp0s greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instep 5p:r0tu ;+cxbisq8oad of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the w*rz(ddlewx8)3 o)h ewater rises to a height h. If the diame r(le zxwd *eh)38wod)ter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficientfl97yh-0-goj2j7fgyg fo v)bm ;0 zr sly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the suy0fglfr77jgso2v o) m-9jhfy;b0 g -z rface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as t(p0/zwynr1swk3l x 3qhe water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maxim3 lxw0ykp/ 1szrqnw3 (um possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g.12h7knjv7yl:hc x ;m t What is:t1 lcmn7 xhy7h2kj;v its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its dewgfbiiua.9v+ rnj *ash sdz9*.(17+ap2 wpdbnsity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 8jyq7b u.vjj0uta0 z)4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can b8y0au.jj0)z7tu jv q exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on1u ,tt5xvu :zg snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) p vw,rhat6s3ljp 86r-wgzi3* must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocw3ph -ar3g8j r 6iw*zst,vpl 6ean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a sub h k1 xu.lv32b,jzdym1marine can withstand a maximum forcek x 2hmyu.bv3d,1z1 jl of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the0su ,ac5xieq (dhuj1 4 absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a lu7 t/a.ezq9)o ch 4qyfocation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The dens9qcey4a7 q u/ zot).fhity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15n75-:wnhv7vr ql tbp +.0 m below the surface of sea? (Tth5lrpb-v7 n q7+n:wvhe density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic*o -bl;d(h xjb machine. The small pistono h-d*j(xl;b b has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5. ars* q/ioo:4k0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weia4soqr:/i ok*ghing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic pistos,qb, 40hlr o q/jtb8qn. What fb s,q4tq,l/0q broh j8orce needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lifti.s7 ql8 csxo0 has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diame.sxqs o7c0il8ter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant frb; ujw :plf62( 1enrforce of then f1r;rwb(fu le6:p2j water?

  An object has a volume ofgw0:ai;ju hhfej q340 $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is si)st setg9m04upported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The sps9 t)4mgs0ei tecific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold fdvroa;+f.: u* usk (dis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarizp/uip.5 )y p hm-k;ubne (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in(vzl2.5 pw 7eqp okni9 water. What is the specific grn(lo.ppk7e 9 z 2iwqv5avity of the object?

  A container of water is placed ose spjco s* i32(asc07n a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a t2( i0c s7c3pesas*soj hread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and density of ajg, 7h8eqwt efk-lp :*l)v s3$2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 14cfcuq6(u 7z h2 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is (zfuuc7 h6qc4its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50r1j(h ebo k)+l m high. How many kilograms of mass orlhbk) 1 +ej(can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of cpme)0 wm8un; the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?0wm;enp)c8u m

  A solid object floats in wathr zyna:.yy) 45k+v arer with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface.z khy) n+4v:.r5aryay What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with tz v7 j:bv7,);vdnxlvjhree-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. Whax 7:v)vbdvlnjjz,v 7;t is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick.a4 363zeq7cs wzio- ix What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support theiezax 3iz63c-owq 74s bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow radmqk*;g 3js3a le:71wr mton6 te.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diametere tr7.r8kgd j5lpg +*vvaf2 (u pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diamegk+rf pg2(8av7r5d tvl uj.e*ter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in 9m7*p qu w:v0 q5amwgda horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with u9l ycpi 5x7c7300 kPa, if the fouuxc7i7l y p9c5ntain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of ai.p i:dy :yjn-nh.rqo m/7rr( water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hol:nrj7. :n-imhi o/rpy(qr d.y e?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional pvm3bxb1d6j p0/ kb;harea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. s,vsjve+ 14fj*o1duq k 7yfs) How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect ans o,* +4yuvj f7s1fvqejdk1s)y drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the buil5) fpgn mg:w g,8ggn)fd-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressu mp5 :nngf)g)fgg,g8wre provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tu offrky:t3/q i, k(qq7be A has twice the diameter of tub q/qyt(kf frikq:7, o3e B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How h:khkculj++ 3f d fe5a)igh will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.jd5 l3 e+ hk+c:fau)kf2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at b ukjw0 8i(-of0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter owbj0ufoi(8 k -f
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in/ ftjp7- f3xip the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens /pjf3tf- px 7ito the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of l;y ( nnqf8c.2 5tbxj,b:zii ywength 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m,y q(x:z t b8w;,i2jcnbfi5. ny how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectanguld z 7,fux7e3icw2kht ,ar frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the, u3,cw iz2tdx77fh ek longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?